Anticholinergic, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Ferula orientalis L. Determination of Its Polyphenol Contents by LC-HRMS

To evaluate the antioxidant activity of evaporated ethanolic extract of Ferula orientalis L. (EEFO) and lyophilized water extract of Ferula orientalis L. (WEFO) several in vitro antioxidant methods such as ABTS•+ scavenging activity, DPPH· scavenging activity, Fe3+reduction method, cupric ions (Cu2+) reduction capacity, and metal ion (Fe2+)-binding activities using ferrozine reagent were separately performed. Also, BHT, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid were used as the standard antioxidant molecules. Moreover, some phenolic compounds that are responsible for antioxidant abilities of EEFO and WEFO were determined by LC-HRMS. EEFO and WEFO demonstrated effective antioxidant abilities when compared with the standards. EEFO demonstrated IC50 values of 1.946 µg/mL against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), 0.815 µg/mL against α-glycosidase, and 0.675 µg/mL against α-amylase.

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Antioxidant activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractions of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Rhamnaceae) leaves from Burkina Faso

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Estelle N.H. Youl ◽

Cyrille A.P. Ouédraogo ◽

Moustapha Gambo ◽

Moussa Ouédraogo ◽

Martin Kiendrebéogo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Abstract Background Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. is a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso in the treatment of several diseases, of which diabetes is characterized by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potential of the extracts of leaves of this plant. Methods The crude hydroethanolic extract (HEE) of the leaves of Z. mauritiana and their partitionates in n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate, and in the residual aqueous solution (the F1, F2, F3, and F4 fractions, respectively) were first prepared. The content of polyphenols was determined and the antioxidant effects of the extracts were evaluated by their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Results The HEE as well as the F3 and F4 fractions were rich in polyphenols with contents between 58 and 84 mg equivalent gallic acid per 100 mg. The flavonoid content was 4 mg quercetin equivalents in the HEE and the F4 fraction. Except for the F1 fraction, the HEE and the other fractions showed significant DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 between 8 and 12 μg/mL). The IC50 of TBARS by different extracts was in the range 1–5 μg/mL, and the FRAP activity was 7–85 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 100 mg. Total polyphenol content was highly correlated with the antioxidant activities. Conclusions The HEE, F3, and F4 fractions were found to be the richest in polyphenols and had the best antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the extracts of the leaves of Z. mauritiana is due to these polyphenolic compounds.

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Effective Antioxidant Activities of Anthocyanins as Affected by pH of Antioxidant Assays

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2019.4341 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 875-885

Author(s):

Paradorn NGAMDEE ◽

Sudarat JIAMYANGYUEN

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Antioxidant Assays ◽

Buffer Solutions ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

This study analyzed the effect of pH on antioxidant activities of anthocyanins. Five black glutinous rice bran crude extracts (BBCs) with different anthocyanin content were compared. They were referred to as Moo Ser (MS), Saked (SK), Phayao (PY), Phichit (PC) and Kao Kor (KK). The antioxidant activities were evaluated using 2 in vitro antioxidant assays conducted at different pH, DPPH (pH 5.5) and FRAP (pH 3.6). Total anthocyanin content (TAC) of KK (23 g/kg) was the highest, followed by PC (13 g/kg), PY and SK (both 11 g/kg), and MS (10 g/kg). The pH of the assays affected the activity of the anthocyanins as the KK showed DPPH scavenging activity comparable to other BBCs but exhibited significantly greater FRAP antioxidant activity. To eliminate possible interference by other active components in the BBC, anthocyanin-rich isolate (ARI) was then isolated from KK. The ARI contained 90 % cyanidin-3-glucoside as analyzed by HPLC. The ARI was dissolved in 5 different buffer solutions (pH 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) and incubated for 1 h, 3 days, and 1 week before the evaluation of antioxidant activities. All ARI-containing buffer solutions exhibited comparable DPPH scavenging activity. However, the ones at pH 5 and 7 solutions were less reactive than others when tested with the FRAP assay. These results indicated that anthocyanin is a good antioxidant not only in an acidic environment but also in higher pH ranges. This suggests that the utilization of anthocyanins as natural antioxidants in products such as food and cosmetics is not limited by the pH of the products.

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Furobenzotropolones A, B and 3-Hydroxyepicoccone B with Antioxidative Activity from Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Epicoccum nigrum MLY-3

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19070395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 395

Author(s):

Ge Zou ◽

Qi Tan ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Wencong Yang ◽

Zhenming Zang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Fungus ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Positive Control ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mangrove Plant ◽

Epicoccum Nigrum ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Three new metabolites, furobenzotropolones A, B (1–2) with unusual benzene and dihydrofuran moieties and 3-hydroxyepicoccone B (3), together with seven known compounds (4–10) were obtained from the endophytic fungus Epicoccum nigrum MLY-3 isolated from the fresh leaf of mangrove plant Bruguiear gymnorrhiza collected from Zhuhai. Their structures were assigned by the analysis of UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment using Cu Kα radiation. In antioxidant activities in vitro, compounds 2, 3, 5, and 8 showed promising DPPH· scavenging activity with IC50 values ranging from 14.7 to 29.3 µM. Compounds 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 exhibited promising potent activity in scavenging ABTS· with IC50 values in the range of 18–29.2 µM, which was stronger than that of the positive control ascorbic acid (IC50 = 33.6 ± 0.8 µM).

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Functional Effects of Pomegranate Peel Extracts on Milk: Antibacterial Measurements, Antioxidant Activities, and Photochemical Characterizations

Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy ◽

10.1166/jbmb.2021.2097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 571-579

Author(s):

Rokayya Sami ◽

Ebtihal Khojah ◽

Mona Alharbi ◽

Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin ◽

Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Pomegranate Peel ◽

Bacteria Growth ◽

Wonderful Variety ◽

Ic50 Values

Consumers are interested in antimicrobial by-products from natural sources. The present study aims to estimate the antibacterial effects of different concentrations and solvent extracts such as methanol, ethanol, and water extract of pomegranate peels with the milk quality application in-vitro. Listeria monocytogens, E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus were used as bacteria growth indicators in two pomegranate varieties (i.e., Wonderful and Francis). Besides, evaluating somephysical characterization, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Results showed that the highest inhibition zone of 18.88 mm was observed with 90% ethanol extract of Wonderful variety against Listeria monocytogens, at 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/mL concentrations, while the lowest inhibition zone of 11.29 mm was observed with 90% methanol extract of Francis variety, at 12.5 mg/mL concentration. The milk treated with WPE of Wonderful variety maintained the bacterial growth from 1.19 ±0.29 x 109 to 1.43 x 1011 CFU/mL at 4 °C. Punicalagin was the most abundant polyphenolic compound (165.05–190.43 µg/mL) followed by gallic acid (153.08–177.65 µg/mL), and p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (91.29–92.5 mg/mL). Acetaldehyde (23.09–27.15 PPM), followed by acetoin (9.65–15.33 PPM) were the most predominant volatile compounds. The WPE treated milk maintained the sensory evaluations such as taste, color, texture, and overall acceptance longer time longer time (i.e., 144 h) than FPE treated milk (i.e., 168 h) at 4°C. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging of capacity (IC50 values) of FPE treated milk were found to be lower than WPE treated milk (i.e., 159.65 µg/mL and 131.87 µg/mL), respectively. While, FPE treated milk reported a higher viscosity content than WPE treated milk (13.11 cP). In conclusion, pomegranate peel extracts especially Wonderful variety may be used to prolong the shelf-life of milk in dairy products manufacturers.

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Optimization and Identification of Antioxidant Peptide from Underutilized Dunaliella salina Protein: Extraction, In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion, and Fractionation

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6424651 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Enqin Xia ◽

Lu Zhai ◽

Zhigang Huang ◽

Hairong Liang ◽

Hui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dunaliella Salina ◽

Protein Extraction ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Ultrasound Wave ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

DPPH• scavenging peptides (<3kDa) from underutilized Dunaliella salina protein were obtained by the following successive treatment, i.e., ultrasound extraction, simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion hydrolyzation, and membrane ultrafiltration classification. The optimal condition for ultrasound-assisted extraction was an ultrasound wave with 800 W of power treating a mixture of 60 mL of 1.0 mol L−1 NaOH and 2 g algae powder for 15 min. A high correlation (r=0.8146) between DPPH• scavenging activity and yield of the intact peptides showed their antioxidant capacity. Simulated in vitro digestion assay resulted in excellent DPPH• scavenging activity of the total peptide, amounting to (86.5 ± 10.1)%, comparing with the nondigestion samples at (46.8 ± 6.5)%. After fractionation, the 500-1000 Da fraction exhibited the highest DPPH• scavenging activity (81.2 ± 4.0)%, increasing 1.5 times due to digestion. Then, the 500-1000 Da fraction was analyzed by RPLC-Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer, and 4 novel peptides, i.e., Ile-Leu-Thr-Lys-Ala-Ala-Ile-Glu-Gly-Lys, Ile-Ile-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Gly-Lys, Asn-Asp-Pro-Ser-Thr-Val-Lys, and Thr-Val-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gln-Arg, were identified. From these amino acid sequences, hydrophobic residues accounted for 56%, which indicated their high antioxidant property. The results indicated that underutilized protein of Dunaliella salina could be a potential source of antioxidative peptides through simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.

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Ganoderma lucidum Metanolik Ekstraktının Fitotoksik Etkilerinin ve Antioksidan Potansiyelinin Araştırılması

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v4i3.163-170.568 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fuat Bozok ◽

Tülin Eker ◽

Gökhan Sezer ◽

Adnan Bozdoğan ◽

Hasan Hüseyin Doğan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Phytotoxic Effect ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Allelopathic Effects ◽

Dpph Scavenging

The aim of this study is to reveal allelopathic effects and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum in Zorkun plateau (Osmaniye). It was determined that methanolic extract of G. lucidum has significantly phytotoxic effect by increasing the doses (1, 2, 4, 8 mg/mL) on Hordeum vulgare and Triticum aestivum. Total phenol and flavonoid amounts of G. lucidum were 114.55 mg/kg and 8.95 mg/kg, respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), scavenging activity (60%, 91% and 92%), reducing power (0.83, 1.43 and 2.23 Abs), and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity (48%, 55% and 70%) of this mushroom at the different concentrations (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/mL) were determined, respectively. However, H2O2 scavenging activity of the different concentrations (0.0156-0.125 mg/mL) was found as 18%, 56%, 60% and 86%, respectively. Based on these findings, it can suggest that G. lucidum methanolic extract has significantly phytotoxic effect and antioxidant activity. The present study is the first report on the phytotoxic effects and antioxidant activities of G. lucidum which consumed and collected from Amanos Mountains.

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In vitro antioxidant, 𝛼-amylase and 𝛼-glucosidase activities of methanol extracts from three Momordica species

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.2303 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olubunmi Adenike Akinwunmi

Keyword(s):

Metal Ion ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Limited Information ◽

Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽

Dpph Scavenging ◽

Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs ◽

Metal Ion Chelation

Antioxidant based drug preparations are used in the prevention and management of complex diseases which include atherosclerosis, stroke, diabetes, alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this ailment, which may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and 𝛼-amylase and glucosidase inhibitors. Although several biological activities had been reported for Momordica foetida and Momordica charantia; it appears there is limited information on the biological activity of Momordica cissoides. The purpose of this study is to compare the antioxidant, 𝛼-amylase and 𝛼-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Momordica charantia (M1), Momordica foetida (M2), and Momordica cissoides (M3) to establish a chemotaxonomic relationship between them. The antioxidant activities measured by DPPH scavenging properties, metal ion chelation, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and ABTS revealed that M. foetida had the highest inhibition potential, followed by M. charantia and the least being M. cissoides. In contrast, the antioxidant activities measured by FRAP, the total phenolic content , flavonoids and tannins revealed that M. cissoides had the best antioxidant potential, while M. foetida had the least activity. The comparative α-amylase and glucosidase inhibitory studies performed demonstrated that the extracts of M.cissoides had the highest inhibitory potentials. Thus, the plant can be used in the management of diabetes.

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Chemical Constituents Antioxidant and Anticholinesterasic Activity ofTabernaemontana catharinensis

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/519858 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Carla Nicola ◽

Mirian Salvador ◽

Adriana Escalona Gower ◽

Sidnei Moura ◽

Sergio Echeverrigaray

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Alkaloid Content ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

The present work aimed to analyze the alkaloid content of the ethanolic extract ofTabernaemontana catharinensis(Apocynaceae family) and its fractions as well as to evaluate their antioxidant and anticholinesterasic activities. The analyses of the ethanolic extract ofT. catharinensisby mass spectrometry allowed identifying the presence of the alkaloids 16-epi-affinine, coronaridine-hydroxyindolenine, voachalotine, voacristine-hydroxyindolenine, and 12-methoxy-n-methyl-voachalotine, as well as an alkaloid withm/z385.21 whose spectrum suggests a derivative of voacristine or voacangine. The extract and its alkaloid rich fractions showed antioxidant activity, especially those that contain the alkaloidm/z385.21 or 16-epi-affinine with DPPH scavenging activity (IC50) between 37.18 and 74.69 μg/mL. Moreover, the extract and its fractions exhibited anticholinesterasic activity, particularly the fractions characterized by the presence of 12-methoxy-n-methyl-voachalotine, with IC50= 2.1 to 2.5 μg/mL. Fractions with 16-epi-affinine combined good antioxidant (IC50= 65.59 to 74.69 μg/mL) and anticholinesterasic (IC50= 7.7 to 8.3 μg/mL) activities, representing an option for further studies aimed at treating neurodegenerative diseases.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Fruit Pericarp Extract Gel

Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia ◽

10.22435/jki.v11i2.3701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 90-97

Author(s):

Rina Kuswahyuning ◽

Indra Lesmana

Keyword(s):

Skin Disorder ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Garcinia Mangostana ◽

Topical Gel ◽

Skin Delivery ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Fruit Pericarp ◽

Dpph Scavenging

The topical antioxidant product may be useful for the treatment of oxidative stress-related skin disorder. This research aimed to evaluate a topical gel formulation of Garcinia mangostana L. fruit pericarp (GMP) extract. GMP extract was formulated into a gel and characterized for its physical properties. The antioxidant activity was evaluated based on the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. The ability of gel formulation to release GMP extract and promote skin delivery was estimated based on DPPH scavenging method and also compared to that of suspension form. The results showed that the GMP extract gel showed characteristics for topical application. The radical DPPH scavenging activity was confirmed both in GMP extract and GMP extract gel. In vitro study release showed that the GMP extract was released from gel. Some degree of GMP extract was also delivered into the shed snakeskin in vitro. When compared with the suspension form, GMP extract gel provided a more profoundly lower release.

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In vitro studies on antioxidant, ? – amylase and ? – glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts of Syzygium cumini seeds

Biomedicine ◽

10.51248/.v39i2.191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 258-262

Author(s):

M. Narmatha ◽

S. Maneemegalai

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Syzygium Cumini ◽

Total Alkaloids ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder leads to many secondary complications. The drugs used for treatment causes serious side effects. Syzygium cumini is used in traditional medicine for treating many diseases. The aim of the present study is to estimate phytochemical contents, antioxidant activity, ? – amylase and ? – glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanol extract of seeds of S. cumini by in vitro methodology. Materials and Methods: The powdered seeds were extracted with ethanol. Quantitative analysis of Total alkaloids, Total phenols, Total flavonoids, Total tannins, Total saponins and Total steroids were carried out. DPPH scavenging activity, ? – amylase and ? – glucosidase inhibitory activities were measured with varying concentration of extract. Results: Total alkaloids content was observed to be higher followed by Total phenol content. Total saponin was found to be present in lesser amount among the tested phytochemicals. 500 µg/ml and above concentrations of seed extract possess above 90% DPPH scavenging activity; 1000 µg/ml concentration of the extract exhibited 43.20% and 19.80% inhibition activity on ? – amylase and ? – glucosidase enzymes. Conclusion: The above results indicate a higher antioxidant activity and appreciable inhibitory activities of enzymes responsible for elevated circulation of glucose. These activities are due to the presence of phytochemicals present in the seeds extract of S. cumini and can be utilized for the management of Diabetes.

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