scholarly journals The problem of historical-philosophical classification and methodological questions of studying the French post-structuralism

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Sergei Aleksandrovich Gashkov
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Biology ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Heuristic Methods ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Philosophical Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is conditions for the creation of nontrivial classifications for the historical-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of French “post-structuralism”. The author believes that the term “post-structuralism” is a historical-philosophical abstraction insofar that the researchers do not take into consideration a specificity of the thought of French philosophers in the space between modernism and classicism. The article also examines the instances when the “post-structuralists” (Foucault, Castoriadis) address the problem of classification and systematization of philosophical knowledge based on the attempt to classify sciences that has been carried out in French rationalism by Goblot and Meyerson. The research employs the historical-philosophical methods for rationalizing the project of “nontrivial” philosophical classification as a uniform intellectual process, although it is yet to be discerned and finalized. The novelty of this work consists in the fact that the author not only applied the methods of nontrivial classification developed in cognitive linguistics (Lakoff) and theoretical biology (Meien) to the historical-philosophical process, but made an attempt to demonstrate that the development of such heuristic methods is possible within the framework of the history of philosophy as a discipline. The author examined the “archaeological” analytics of biology of Foucault and the concept of social time in of Castoriadis.

scholarly journals Self-portrait of the philosopher in the context of the enlightement

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-217
Author(s):  
Vanja Radakovic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Literary History ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Epistolary Novel ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Biographical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

In the history of philosophy, Jean-Jacques Rousseau is mainly considered as an atypical philosopher of the Enlightenment, as a pioneer of the revolutionary idea of a free civilian state and natural law; in literary history, he is considered the forerunner of Romanticism, the writer who perfected the form of an epistolary novel, as well as a sentimentalist. However, this paper focuses on the biographical approach, which was mostly excluded in observation of those works revealing Rousseau as the originator of the autobiographical novelistic genre. The subject of this paper is the issue of credibility of self-portraits, and through this problem it highlights the facts from the author?s life. This paper relies on a biographical approach, not in the positivistic sense but in the phenomenological key. This paper is mainly inspired by the works of the Geneva School theorists - Starobinski, Poulet and Rousset.

Moore And Philosophical Analysis

Philosophy ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 33 (126) ◽  
pp. 193-220
Author(s):  
Morris Lazerowitz
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Symbolic Logic ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Ideal Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fruitful Research ◽  
The Way

Occasionally there has appeared in the history of philosophy a thinker who has become aware of the chaotic condition of philosophy and of the intellectual anarchy that exists in all of its branches, and has attempted to remedy the situation. Descartes cast about for a guiding principle, a compass which would show him the way through the treacherous terrain of philosophy. As is well known he devised the method of systematic doubt, by means of which he hoped to discover an axiom on which he could securely erect a system of basic and reassuring beliefs. Leibniz had before his mind the notion of an ideal language which would by calculation solve problems with certainty. With this he thought we “should be able to reason in metaphysics and morals in much the same way as in geometry and analysis.” Descartes' attempt was a failure; and nothing came of Leibniz's ideal, even with the development of modern symbolic logic. Russell's claim that “logic is the essence of philosophy” frightened many philosophers and gave new hope to others; but his claim was as empty as the proverbial political promise. With G. E. Moore we have a further attempt to introduce sobriety and certainty into philosophy and to make fruitful research possible in it. He has made prominent a method for obtaining results in philosophy; and he has also formulated a philosophical platform, i.e., set out a list of Common-sense propositions which he says are known to be true by everyone, philosopher as well as non-philosopher, and are not, therefore, open to debate. The method, which he used extensively and with great skill, is the method of analysing concepts.

The Natural History of Philosophy in Canada

Dialogue ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Thomas Mathien
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Evolutionary Study ◽  
Major Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Intellectual Discipline

Some writers about the history of philosophy in Canada have wondered why it should be studied. That is a worthy question, but it is not the one I want to discuss here. I am going to assume there are good reasons for doing so because I want to consider some general features of the subject of such studies and to determine what has to be done to establish certain descriptive claims about it. I will also point out some concerns I have about the proper explanation of certain interesting features of Canadian philosophic activity, and I will present a brief evaluation of one major study. I will do this with the aid of a contention that the study of the history of an intellectual discipline is a little like an evolutionary study of a biological species, but I will close by pointing out one reason for doing history which goes beyond description, and even explanation, of the past.

scholarly journals J.H. le Roux�s philosophy of religion

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaco W. Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
Religious Epistemology ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

J.H. le Roux had a passion for philosophy. His writings contain recourse to the history of philosophy in a way that bespeaks a deep underlying interest in the subject. This much is relatively well-known. This contribution, by contrast, aims at reconstructing something hitherto mostly covert: Le Roux�s philosophy of religion. Of interest is what his writings presuppose about the nature of religion, religious language, the nature of God, the existence of God, religious epistemology, the relation between religion and morality and the problem of religious pluralism.

scholarly journals HOMO DEMOCRATICUS (On the Universal Desirability and the Not So Universal Possibility of Democracy and Human Rights)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Spagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Us Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Universal Application

The subject of the thesis - the universal value of human rights and democracy - is highly topical in view of the 'democratic imperialism' of the current (dd 2002) US-government. While leaving aside the problem of the acceptability of war as a means to promote democracy (e.g. the second Gulf War), the thesis focusses on a philosophical, moral and pragmatical defence of the universal application of democracy and human rights. Only if this defence is successful can the discussion on the means and tactics of democratic imperialism begin.The originality of the thesis is its defence of the universal value of both democracy and human rights. Whereas the defence of the universality of human rights has a long tradition, there is as yet almost no literature on the universal desirability of democracy. The defence is partly philosophical, ethical, political, legal and practical. It draws on the history of philosophy and ethics, as well as on political science.

scholarly journals The concept of free will

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Yurasov
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Value System ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Xix Century

The subject of this research is the concept of free will. The modern philosophical discussions either do not explicate it, or interpret far from the traditional meaning that has been instilled into this term throughout the centuries, The goal of this article lies in the historical-philosophical reconstruction of the concept of free will. However, the interest towards achieving this goal is not limited to the sphere of history of philosophy. Understanding of the key term largely determines the fruitfulness of theoretical constructions aimed at solution of the problem of free will. The article expounds and substantiates the methodological principles the reconstruction concept of free is based upon. It is demonstrated that free will features two characteristics that can be designated as conformity and independence. Therefore, free will can be defined as the will that corresponds to the value system of an individual and is independent of external factors. Such definition summarizes the practice of utilization of this term in history of philosophy. However, since the late XIX century, and namely in the XX century, there has developed a strong tendency towards distortion of the traditional concept of free will, which implies exclusion of the characteristic of independence and defining free will through the concept of moral responsibility.

scholarly journals Atheism of the Word: Narrated Speech and the Origin of Language in Cohen, Rosenzweig and Levinas

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
William Large
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Concept Of God ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Origin Of Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Kant marks a fundamental break in the history of philosophy of religion and the concept of God. God is no longer interpreted as a being necessary to understand the existence of a rational universe, but as an idea that makes sense of our morality. Cohen supplements this idea with the concept of personality, which he argues is the unique contribution of Judaism. For Rosenzweig and Levinas, the monotheistic God is neither a being nor an idea, but the living reality of speech. What would the atheism be that responds to this theism? Linguistics makes a distinction between direct, indirect, and free indirect speech. In the latter form, the origin of speech is not a subject, but narrated language. It is this difference between direct and indirect speech that is missing in Rosenzweig and Levinas’s description of God. It would mean that God is produced by language rather than the subject of language. What menaces the reality of God is not whether God exists, or is intelligible, but the externality of language without a subject.

Women or Philosophers?

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Rebecca Buxton ◽  
Lisa Whiting ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Men ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Women Philosophers

This history of philosophy is a history of men. Or at least, that’s how it has been told over the past several hundred years. But, over the last few decades, we’ve begun to see more and more recognition of women philosophers and the huge impact that they have had on the course of our discipline. There have always been philosophers who happened to be women. Hypatia of Alexandria was known by her contemporaries simply as The Philosopher, and hundreds of young men travelled from throughout the region to attend her public lectures. Philosophers who happen to be women, then, are nothing new. But our failure to recognise them as full contributors to the subject makes them appear to us as something of a surprise. A result of this is that women are often remembered as women first: they are seen more as women than they’re seen as philosophers.

LOVE (AMORE AND CARITAS) AS A COGNITION AND LINK BETWEEN RATIO AND INTELLECTUS. THE HIGHEST DIMENSION OF CREATIVITY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zborovska
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Nicholas Of Cusa ◽  
History Of

The purpose of the article is to reveal the historical and philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of love, which is the key to the work of Nicholas of Cusa in the light of his epistemological constructions, and in view of his reflections on the nature of human. The author focuses on the anthropological nature of the system of Nicholas of Cusa, exploring that this approach makes it possible to better understand the ontological basis of the tradition of correlation in the philosophy of Nicholas of Cusan intellectus and creative intentions in man, and also leads to the final concept of the anthropological doctrine of Nicholas of Cusa, namely, deiformitatem (deification). The obtained results can be used in the development of normative courses, special courses on the history of philosophy and philosophy of religion when considering medieval mysticism.

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