scholarly journals Does entrepreneurship education matter for the enhancement of entrepreneurial intention?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-387
Author(s):  
M J Malebana
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Comprehensive University ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies

The purpose of this paper was to establish whether rural university students in South Africa who have had different levels of exposure to entrepreneurship education differ in entrepreneurial intention, attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms and entrepreneurial competencies. A survey was conducted using a convenience and purposive sample of 355 South African university students from a comprehensive university in the Eastern Cape and a university of technology in Limpopo. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, which were analysed by means of SPSS. The respondents with three years’ exposure to entrepreneurship education were statistically significantly different from those with six months’ exposure to entrepreneurship education and those with no exposure to entrepreneurship education in entrepreneurial intention, attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur, perceived behavioural control and subjective norms. In addition, the respondents with three years’ exposure to entrepreneurship education were statistically significantly different from those with no exposure to entrepreneurship education in entrepreneurial competencies in terms of the ability to recognise and evaluate opportunities in the market. The results suggest that long term exposure to entrepreneurship education is vital in stimulating entrepreneurial intention.

Intention towards Using Loan in Income Generating Activities: A Conceptual Study among Poor and Low-Income Households in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Nadzirah Mohd Said ◽  
Noorshella Che Nawi ◽  
Noorul Azwin Md Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies

Even though the country has done a fantastic job of eradicating poverty, some significant challenges and concerns come as a result of globalisation. The following are important concerns that must be solved as the country enters a new category of poverty. Malaysia is an impendence country which variety population segmentation based on ethnicity as well as religion. In actuality, it has the potential to aggravate social issues, particularly in Malaysia. Indeed, Malaysia has adopted many social programmes including economic and social investment. However, poor people in rural and urban areas since poverty has long been seen to be a rural issue with more than half of all family units falling into this category in Malaysia. Besides, there is a lack of awareness of the causes and sources of poverty as well as a strategy for dealing with the issue. In addition, there is currently a scarcity of research on the influence of anti-poverty initiatives on community welfare in the Malaysian context. Hence, low-income people's goals regarding the Malaysian government's incentive or programme to improve their income are conceptualised in this paper by concern the Theory of Planned Behaviour with four variables namely attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and entrepreneurial competencies. Keywords: Attitude, Entrepreneurial Competencies, Entrepreneurial Intention, Perceived Behavioural Control, Subjective Norms

Intention Towards Using Loan in Income Generating Activities: A Conceptual Study Among Poor and Low-Income Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Nadzirah Mohd Said ◽  
Noorshella Che Nawi ◽  
Noorul Azwin Md Nasir ◽  
Wan Farha Wan Zulkiffli ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies

Objective – Even though the country has done a fantastic job of eradicating poverty, some significant challenges and concerns come as a result of globalisation. The following are important concerns that must be solved as the country enters a new category of poverty. Methodology – Malaysia is an impendence country which variety population segmentation based on ethnicity as well as religion. In actuality, it has the potential to aggravate social issues, particularly in Malaysia. Indeed, Malaysia has adopted many social programmes including economic and social investment. Findings– However, poor people in rural and urban areas since poverty has long been seen to be a rural issue with more than half of all family units falling into this category in Malaysia. Besides, there is a lack of awareness of the causes and sources of poverty as well as a strategy for dealing with the issue. In addition, there is currently a scarcity of research on the influence of anti-poverty initiatives on community welfare in the Malaysian context. Novelty – Hence, low-income people's goals regarding the Malaysian government's incentive or programme to improve their income are conceptualised in this paper by concern the Theory of Planned Behaviour with four variables namely attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and entrepreneurial competencies. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: D10, D14, D19. Keywords: Attitude, Entrepreneurial Competencies, Entrepreneurial Intention, Perceived Behavioural Control, Subjective Norms

Psychological capital and entrepreneurship: gender differences

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Villanueva-Flores ◽  
Mirta Diaz-Fernandez ◽  
Dara Hernandez-Roque ◽  
Marloes van Engen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control

Purpose This study aims to examine whether the psychological capital of male and female university students explains the intention to undertake entrepreneurism. Following Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour, the aim was to study whether perceived behavioural control and subjective norms influence entrepreneurial intention and if subjective norms moderate established relationships, in both genders. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modelling and analysis of variance was applied to test the hypotheses amongst students at a Spanish university. Findings The results showed that gender differences in psychological capital, in perceived behavioural control and in subjective norms existed between the male and female population, which explain gender differences in entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, subjective norms acted as a moderator in the relationship between psychological capital, the perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intention, with the moderating impact being higher on the female population. Practical implications The results obtained in this paper indicate that developing perceived behavioural control and the psychological capital of university students in training programmes of male and female students helps to promote their entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, the results suggest that building a support network, for instance of family and groups of friends is key to fostering entrepreneurial intention, particularly for women. Originality/value Entrepreneurship is key to the successful employability of current and future generations in the labour market. This study examined key antecedents of student’s entrepreneurial intention and how these are gendered. For both men and women (investing in) psychological capital is important. Informal social support was shown to play a key role in women’s entrepreneurial intention.

Examining the Theoretical Factors that Influence University Students to Adopt Web 2.0 Technologies

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser D. Al-Otaibi ◽  
Luke Houghton
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Web 2.0 Technologies ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The purpose of this study is (1) to examine Australian university students' awareness of the benefits of Web 2.0 technologies and (2) to investigate the factors that influence students to adopt Web 2.0 technologies to supplement in-class learning, using the theoretical foundations of both Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour (DTPB). Findings indicated that most students in this study's sample were aware of the benefits of Web 2.0 technologies to supplement in-class instructions. The findings also indicated that students' attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control were strong determinants of their intention to use Web 2.0 technologies.

scholarly journals University Students’ Behaviour towards Entrepreneurial Intention in Ecuador: Testing for the Influence of Gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodriguez-Gutierrez ◽  
Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez ◽  
Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Personal Attitudes

While the current global context of successive economic and health crises are punishing the economies of different countries in the world, it is particularly relevant to explore the business intentions of young university students, as potential entrepreneurs of opportunity. This matter is of the utmost importance, as it helps to facilitate the implementation of measures that can ensure the future recovery of the economy and the creation of new businesses. The objective of this paper is to study the institutional and psychological antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and the role of gender. The theory of planned behaviour is applied to assess how personal attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control can affect students′ intention of becoming an entrepreneur. In addition, organizational support and institutional barriers are tested as potentially significant antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, along with the influence of gender. The research carried out was based on survey responses from a sample of 740 students of economics, communications, and education at an Ecuadorian university. The research propositions were tested using a partial least squares approach. Results indicate that behaviour towards entrepreneurship does not change in relation to gender. In addition, personal attitudes and perceived behavioural control regarding entrepreneurship are positively related to students′ entrepreneurial intention. Organizational support is also found to be important for generating entrepreneurial intention. The paper adds to the current knowledge base on entrepreneurial intention by analysing the individual and joint influence of the principal elements of the theory of planned behaviour, as well as organizational support and institutional barriers on entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the research provides a useful perspective on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in an unexplored context such as Ecuador, by responding to the call focusing on entrepreneurial intention in different regions, cultures, and contexts.

A missing link: the behavioral mediators between resources and entrepreneurial intentions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Aragon-Sanchez ◽  
Samuel Baixauli-Soler ◽  
Antonio Jose Carrasco-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control

Purpose Based on the theory of planned behaviour and the resource-based perspective, the purpose of this paper is to provide a well-supported explanation of how access to resources, defined as those controlled by the family context and not necessarily controlled by the student, changes attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control and, consequently, the entrepreneurial intentions of secondary students. Design/methodology/approach In contrast to traditional research methodologies, this study used a different approach based on primary survey data collected from secondary students to study future entrepreneurial intentions. Structural equation models were used in the empirical analysis. Findings Secondary students with more access to resources – financial and human capital – have stronger entrepreneurial intentions because they have more favourable attitudes and subjective norms, and greater perceived behavioural control. This study finds that cultural capital has no significant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications Key policy actions should increase access to resources for young people. Originality/value This study shows that the effect of access to resources on entrepreneurial intention is mediated by attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioural control. The results suggest that the relationship between access to resources and entrepreneurial intentions is more complex and nuanced than previously thought.

scholarly journals Understanding the Entrepreneurial Intention of Female Entrepreneurs in the Balinese Tourism Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunthi Afrilinda Kusumawardani ◽  
Hanif Adinugroho Widyanto ◽  
I Putu Lingga Iswara Deva
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Mediating Variables

This research was conducted to explore the factors predicting the Entrepreneurial Intention among female entrepreneurs in the Balinese tourism industry. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) framework was utilised as the mediating variables, while Exposure to Role Models, Psychological Characteristics, Entrepreneurship Education, and Access to Financial Capital are used as the exogenous variables. This study used a quantitative method by employing the Likert scale for the questionnaires with a total of 352 respondents and analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study found that Psychological Characteristics and Entrepreneurship Education had an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through the mediating variables of Personal Attitude and Perceived Behavioural Control. Access to Financial Capital was also found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention with the Perceived Behavioural Control as the mediating variable

scholarly journals A model test towards university students’ cheating behaviour in the context of the theory of planned behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-748
Author(s):  
Sevgi Koc ◽  
Hasan Basri Memduhoglu
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study aimed to identify the causal relationships amongst attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention towards cheating by the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The study sample (n = 1,220) consists of senior students at the faculties of Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Turkey. The data were collected with the scales; attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention towards cheating, which were developed by researchers of the study. The data were analysed by the exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis. It can be concluded that the Theory of Planned Behaviour is capable of explaining the attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligation and intention variables towards cheating, and it is confirmed in a good model fit with this study. According to the path analysis results, the attitude towards cheating has a strong and significant effect for cheating intention, and subjective norms and the perceived behavioural control towards cheating have no significant effect for cheating intention.   Keywords: University students, cheating, planned behaviour, path analysis.

scholarly journals Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Mohd Azizuddin Tuan Mahmood ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Ghazali Bin Ahmad ◽  
Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Start Up

The study referred to the theory of planned behaviour in determining how the selected factors (innovativeness, proactive personality, need of achievement, internal locus of control, risk-taking propensity, lifestyle integration, social networking, resource and opportunity recognition, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) influenced the entrepreneurial intentions and pre-start-up behaviour among the Asnaf millennials in Malaysia. This study collected cross-sectional survey data, which are quantitative data from 310 randomly selected Asnaf millennials from Kelantan, Malaysia using structured interviews. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling PLS-SEM to analyse the data. The result confirmed the indirect influence (entrepreneurial intention) of attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the pre-start-up behaviour. Findings revealed that all antecedents have a positive and statistically significant effect on attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, with an exception to risk-taking propensity. Hence, it is suggested that development programs and policies should enhance the innovativeness and opportunity recognition competency, provide access to working capital, and build a platform to promote entrepreneurial networking in increasing entrepreneurial intention among the low-income Asnaf millennials in Malaysia.

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