‘Sikhuluma Isikhethu’ : Ndebele Radio, Ethnicity and Cultural Identity in South Africa, 1983-1994

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Sekibakiba Peter Lekgoathi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
South African ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
African Language ◽  
Ethnic Nationalism ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

The South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) established nine African language radio stations ostensibly to cater for the diverse linguistic and cultural needs of the African communities in the country. In reality, however, these stations acted as a government mouthpiece and means through which a monopoly over the airwaves was asserted. Through these stations the government promoted ethnic compartmentalisation and popularised the ethnic ‘homelands’ created from the early 1960s to the early 1980s. One of these stations was Radio Ndebele, established in 1983, with a clear mandate to reinforce Ndebele ethnic nationalism. This article seeks to explore the history of this radio station, using both oral sources and documentary material, though privileging the former. The article makes a two-pronged argument: Firstly, Radio Ndebele came into existence not only because of the government’s mission but because of pressure from Ndebele-speaking people who needed radio programming in their own language. Secondly, this radio station helped turn a spoken language that was on the throes of extinction into a vibrant written language that found its way into the schooling system, particularly in areas with a large concentration of Ndebele-speaking people.

Wireless Road and the Ground of Modernity

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Benjamin Tausig
Keyword(s):  
Radio Station ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
History Of

Red Shirt protest occupation spaces were situated in the center of Bangkok. One of the roads that was occupied is called Wireless Road, and is named after Bangkok’s first radio station, which was founded there in 1920. This chapter considers how Red Shirt radio stations played a key role in mobilizing the movement. It further reflects on the meaning of the occupation taking place at the inaugural site of radio in the country, an important symbol of modernity. Red Shirt radio in the present is in some ways closely connected to the history of radio in the country, but in other ways it breaks from it sharply. The chapter concludes with the suggestion that Red Shirt radio suggests a kind of neoliberal turn within the movement.

(Un)feasibility of FeesMustFall Campaign From a Political Economy Perspectives

2019 ◽  
pp. 153-175
Author(s):  
Ndwakhulu Stephen Tshishonga
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South African ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
Poor Students ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Student ◽  
The Government

The FeesMustFall campaign since October 2015 has grown to be one of the biggest movements ever witnessed in the history of South African student politics. Similarly to the struggle waged by 1976 youth against the dominance of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction, FMF challenges the current government and universities to provide free, quality, and decolonized higher education. Considering the slow pace of economic growth, the realization of free and quality education might be an impossible dream. Thus, dropping the fees seems to be a financial relieve to the poor students, but not the panacea to challenges faced by institutions of higher learning. FMF movement challenges both the government and ANC leadership to walk the talk by implementing policies and resolutions taken to transform higher education from declining. The question is, What are the costs and benefit of free education as advocated through FeesMustFall campaign? Can South Africa afford sustainable free education without compromising other areas of need?

scholarly journals The influence of Calvinism on the South African Council of Churches

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.J. Meiring
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Council ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prophetic Witness

The impact of Calvinist theology and of reformed leadership on the South African Council of Churches (SACC) is vast. After a brief history of the SACC, the author notes the contribution that a number of reformed and presbyterian clergy and theologians have made – as presidents, general secretaries or as theo- logians who helped develop the SACC’s message. At least five principles that Calvin held dear, are reflected in the SACC’s agenda during the past decades: the quest for unity, the con- cern for mission, covenanting for justice, providing a prophetic witness in the community, and when the need arose, the willingness to confront the government of the day. The article concludes with a brief look at the future of the SACC and of the continued input that reformed theologians may be able to make.

The relative clause marker in Scots English: Diffusion, complexity, and style as dimensions of syntactic change

1980 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Romaine
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTA historical study of variation in the relative clause marker in Scottish English indicates that sociolinguistic methodology has some important contributions to make to historical linguistics. The use of the frequency with which NPs in certain syntactic positions are relativized as a measure of syntactic complexity reveals that the WH relativization strategy appears to have entered the language in the most complex styles and least frequently relativized syntactic positions, until it eventually spread or diffused throughout the system. The addition of the WH relativization strategy seems to have resulted in a ‘squish’ of two strategies which are opposed in stylistic meaning rather than in actual qualitative change in the relative system. The process of diffusion can be seen as completed as far as the more formal styles of the modern written language are concerned, but it has not really affected the spoken language, where the native TH strategy prevails. (Sociolinguistic methodology, historical linguistics, language change, relativization, history of tle English language)

Human Rights to Water Access in South Africa: Challenges and Critical Concerns

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinuade Adekunbi Ojo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
South African ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Access ◽  
The South ◽  
History Of ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
Basic Infrastructure

Many scholars have written on the challenges of ensuring access to water in South Africa, and much research has been done on the national water policy of the South African Government, yet major challenges facing the water sector persist. This study presents a human rights approach as a theoretical foundation for investigating the basic right to water access, with a specific focus on the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the three tiers of governance. Existing literature on the history of water access was explored regarding the global as well as the South African history of water rights. The main focus of this study was SDG no. 6, which is related to issues regarding water access in South Africa. The study concluded that the human right of having access to water is a crucial issue to be treated with caution by the government in order for the poor to have basic infrastructure.

History of university radio broadcasting in Turkey and its struggle for legal existence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fırat Tufan ◽  
Sedat Kökat ◽  
Zeynep Ekin Bal
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
History Of University ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Levels

University radio broadcasting, whose first examples in Turkey date back to the 1940s, made its main leap forward with the emergence of private radio broadcasting in the early 1990s and the increase in the number of communication and broadcasting schools at different levels. Largely unable to exist legally except for a few exceptions, university radio stations have had to deal with many problems from the first examples until today. In this study, we conducted in-depth interviews with the representatives and employees of university radio stations affiliated with 34 universities in Turkey. We found that the lack of a legal basis for university radio stations causes various problems in practice. The most important of these problems include the following: first, the practices of frequency allocation and usage fees by relevant authorities are not conducted in compliance with certain standards. Financial return models are rigid and limited; the production efficiency of a radio station is interrupted when university financial support or station management is irregular or insufficient, as well. As a result, employees experience a loss of motivation in the management and content production stages.

Cope, (Robert Knox) Jack (1913–1991)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Hall
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
South African ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Racial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Story Writer ◽  
The Guardian

‘Jack’ Cope was a South African novelist, poet, editor, and short story writer. Born June 3, 1913 in Mooi River, Natal, South Africa, he spent his early career as a local journalist in Durban before moving to London, England as a foreign political correspondent. As a pacifist, he met with hostility there during the years of World War II and returned demoralized to South Africa to work as a cultural critic and editor for an anti-apartheid newspaper, The Guardian, in Cape Town until 1955. After leaving the newspaper, he separated from his wife of sixteen years and began his infamous affair with South African poet Ingrid Jonker in the early 1960s. During this time he also became the editor of Contrast, a bilingual literary magazine in English and Afrikaans, continuing as editor there for twenty years until 1980. During that time, he was also the editor of several volumes of South African poetry, and his book The Dawn Comes Twice (1969) was banned by the government. Best known for his novels and short stories, he wrote about the racial history of South Africa, focusing on events such as the Bambata Rebellion in 1906 in The Fair House (1955).

Violence in Mozambique: Towards an Understanding of Renamo

1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Morgan
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
African National Congress ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Congress ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Scene

Recent developments on the South African political scene have raised some hopes about bringing an end to the war in Mozambique. The change of direction initiated by President F. W. de Klerk, the unbanning of the African National Congress (A.N.C.) and other previously prohibited organisations, and the progress made towards negotiations have pointed to a possible change of heart by the Government, and a relaxation of its previously hostile regional policy. There can be little doubt, given Pretoria's rôle in the whole area, and the history of its involvement in the Mozambican crisis, that changes within South Africa will be felt beyond its borders. However, it would be unwise to ignore the part played by internal factors in explaining the growth in both the scale and severity of the conflict in Mozambique over the past decade.

scholarly journals USING SYNTACTIC UNITS IN THE LANGUAGE OF FILM ACTORS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafayev Fizuli Najmaddin
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extract Information

The article is devoted to the use of syntactic units in the language of film actors. The article draws attention to various ideas and considerations regarding the use of syntactic units in all areas of the cinematic language. The reader is presented about themes, genres, style problems in Azerbaijani cinema, screen artists, large-format publishing, a variety of styles in the director’s work, various problems of cinema and theater poetry, the history of television poetry and style. The differences in some cases between the written language and its oral form, innovation, accent, facial expressions and gestures of the actors by the setting of the pavilion and the fact that the dramatic point of view of the film is conveyed to the reader only by word. Since thought is known in dialogical speech, the narrative of some members of a sentence, complex sentences requiring details are omitted. The film pavilion, structure, actor’s movements, images form the basis of the article. Readers can extract information from all this, especially since directors and actors choose syntactic units that are more suitable for spoken language. The article also provides tips from individual films and presents ideas for any explanation.

scholarly journals Ancient Uzbek Tribes And Clans Inhabiting In Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 384-394
Author(s):  
Aziza Khasanovna Aripova
Keyword(s):  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Native People ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
The Relationship

Soon afterward humankind became conscious of his social importance, heinitiated to comprehend the language’s great benefits, the aspiration to make certain that through the tribes lived in the past, it is attainable to determine the historical roots of the language and to find out what is beyond the reach. Despite of the fear of ignorance, doubt and mistakes, diverse human communities began to study their similarities and differences, because of many reasons, including ethnic, tribal, pedigree, climatic, physiological, linguistic and cultural properties, ending with communicative, competently dialectical skills. The antiquity of the Uzbek language is more outstanding when its appearance and development is considered in closely connection with the history of the formation and development of the native people. Without taking into account the historical laws of tribal and clan estates during the development of the Uzbek language, it is impossible to understand its distinct features, the totality of historically determined changes that have occurred not only in vocabulary, but also in the phonetic system, as well as partially in the grammatical structure of the Uzbek language. Therefore, the study of the Uzbek language at different phases of the historical development of the Uzbek people; the identification of its specific features in the grammatical and lexical structures; the establishment of the relationship between the written language and active spoken language, presented in the form of numerous subdialects and dialects; the definition of thedialect assist to a more correct comprehension of the history of the Uzbek language as a whole.

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