IZAZOVI PRAVNOG UREĐENJA UPOTREBE OSOBNIH PODATAKA IZ GENSKIH TESTOVA U SVRHU OSIGURANJA

The paper deals with the issue of using genetic tests for insurance purposes. After introductory remarks, the paper provides an overview of various international and European legal sources both on data protection in general, and on the protection of data from genetic tests. The paper then researches into different solutions proposed by comparative law concerning the use of data from genetic tests for insurance purposes. Some solutions explicitly ban the use of genetic tests for insurance purposes (France, Austria, Portugal, Croatia), while others adopt a more liberal approach, allowing for its use (the USA, the UK, Germany). It is concluded that personal data protection does not exclude the possibility using data from genetic tests for insurance purposes, which proves the need for a common EU approach to the issue.

Download Full-text

GDPR implementation as the main reason for the regional fragmentation in the online mediasphere

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127308099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 08099

Author(s):

Mikhail Smolenskiy ◽

Nikolay Levshin

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Data Protection ◽

Personal Data ◽

Main Role ◽

The European Union ◽

Protection Measures ◽

General Data Protection Regulation ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

The Usa ◽

General Data

The EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applies not only to the territory of the European Union, but also to all information systems containing data of EU’s citizens around the world. Misusing or carelessly handling personal data bring fines of up to 20 million euros or 4% of the annual turnover of the offending company. This article analyzes the main trends in the global implementation of the GDPR. Authors considered and analyzed results of personal data protection measures in nineteen regions: The USA, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Russia, South Korea and Thailand, as well as the European Union and a handful of other. This allowed identifying a direct pattern between the global tightening of EU’s citizens personal data protection and the fragmentation of the global mediasphere into separate national segments. As a result of the study, the authors conclude that GDPR has finally slowed down the globalization of the online mediasphere, playing a main role in its regional fragmentation.

Download Full-text

Investigating the efficacy of the Egyptian Data Protection Law on Media Freedom: Journalists’ perceptions

Communication & Society ◽

10.15581/003.35.1.101-118 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 101-118

Author(s):

Miral-Sabry AlAshry

Keyword(s):

Data Protection ◽

Focal Point ◽

Personal Data ◽

Press Freedom ◽

Information Control ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

Data Protection Law ◽

The Law ◽

The Government ◽

Using Data

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Egyptian Personal Data Protection Law No. 151 for 2020, as well as its implications for journalistic practice. More specifically, the focal point of this study was to explore how Egyptian journalists interpret the law and its implication for press freedom in Egypt. The underpinning theoretical framework was informed by the Authoritarian school of thought. Questionnaires were distributed to 199 journalists from both independent and semi-governmental representing thirteen official newspapers of Egypt, while in-depth interviews were done with (3) Editors, (4) journalists, and (3) human rights lawyers. The finding of the study indicated that the government placed restrictions on journalists by using Data Protection Law relating to the media. That law is negatively impacting journalists and media houses. It was clear from the findings that the journalists see the law as an obstacle to media independence, as it allows the government to exercise greater information control through digital policy and puts rules of regulation against journalists.

Download Full-text

Personal Data Protection Authority: Comparative Study between Indonesia, United Kingdom, and Malaysia

Indonesian Scholars Scientific Summit Taiwan Proceeding ◽

10.52162/3.2021112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 54-63

Author(s):

Vina Himmatus Sholikhah ◽

Noering Ratu Fatheha Fauziah Sejati ◽

Diyanah Shabitah

Keyword(s):

Best Practices ◽

Data Protection ◽

Personal Data ◽

Cyber Attacks ◽

Policy Framework ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

Internet Users ◽

Data Protection Authority ◽

The Uk

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the number of people connected to the internet. Based on data, internet users in Indonesia increased by 8.9% from 2018 to 73.7% (APJII, 2020). In addition, internet use is increasing in residential areas and residential areas (Kominfo, 2020). The development of Information, Communication and Technology Technology continues to progress, it needs to be accompanied by data protection regulations. However, Indonesia does not yet have a data protection regulation that can be implemented on the threat of cyber attacks. This research is aimed at finding best practices in data protection that can be applied in Indonesia. This study uses the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). In the analysis, a comparison is made between data protection authorities to protect data in Indonesia and best practices in the UK and Malaysia, especially in post-pandemic conditions. This study aims to recommend solutions that strengthen data security protection in the post-COVID-19 era in Indonesia.

Download Full-text

Resolución contractual y destino de los datos y contenidos generados por los usuarios de servicios digitales = Ttermination of contract and destination of data and content generated by users of digital services

CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL ◽

10.20318/cdt.2020.5226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 838

Author(s):

Sergio Cámara Lapuente

Keyword(s):

Data Protection ◽

Personal Data ◽

Digital Content ◽

General Data Protection Regulation ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

Use Of Data ◽

Digital Services ◽

Scope Of Application ◽

General Data ◽

The One

Resumen: Durante el uso de los contenidos y servicios digitales puestos a disposición del consumidor por los distintos proveedores, los usuarios facilitan y crean gran cantidad de datos. El tratamiento legal del control sobre el destino de estos datos se bifurca en la actualidad en dos normas: por una parte, si se trata de datos personales, se aplicará el Reglamento (UE) General de Protección de Datos de 2016 (RGPD); por otra parte, respecto a contenidos generados por los usuarios que no sean datos personales, las reglas de la reciente Directiva (UE) 2019/770, de 20 de mayo de 2019 sobre contratos de suministro de contenidos y servicios digitales (DCSD) será de aplicación tras su transposición.Este ensayo analiza la intersección de las normas sobre protección de datos personales con las normas sobre la defensa contractual del consumidor al tiempo de la extinción de este tipo de contratos por vía de resolución. Para ello compara los rasgos de los derechos de supresión, olvido y portabilidad del Reglamento con los nuevos derechos de impedir el uso de los datos y de recuperarlos establecidos en la Directiva y concluye críticamente acerca del escaso impacto que estos últimos pueden llegar a tener debido a su reducido ámbito de aplicación, las escasas facultades y las excesivas excepciones incorporadas finalmente en uno de los preceptos centrales de la Directiva 2019/770.Palabras clave: contenidos digitales, servicios digitales, resolución, contrato de suministro, datos personales, portabilidad, derecho al olvido, derecho de supresión, Directiva (UE) 2019/770, Reglamento General de Protección de Datos, conformidad, contenidos generados por los usuarios, consumidor.Abstract: During the use of digital content and services made available to the consumer by different traders and platforms, users provide and create large amounts of data. The legal treatment of control over the destination of these data currently splits into two pieces of legislation: on the one hand, in the case of personal data, the 2016 (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will apply; on the other hand, in the case of user-generated content other than personal data, the rules of the recent Directive (EU) 2019/770 of 20 May 2019 on contracts for the supply of digital content and services (DCSD) will apply after transposition in Member States.This paper analyses the intersection of the rules on personal data protection with the rules on the contractual protection of the consumer at the time of the extinction of this type of contract by means of termination. To this end, it compares the features of the rights to erasure, to be forgotten and to portability of the Regulation with the new rights to prevent further use of data and to retrieve them established in the Directive, and critically concludes that the latter may have little impact due to their reduced scope of application, the limited powers and the excessive exceptions finally incorporated in one of the central articles of Directive 2019/770.Keywords: digital contents, digital services, termination, contract of supply, personal data, portability, right to erasure, right to be forgotten, Directive (EU) 2019/770, General Data Protection Regulation, conformity, user generated contents, consumer.

Download Full-text

Vicisitudes del derecho a la privacidad (privacy). Cuestiones sobre el tratamiento de datos personales y la responsabilidad civil

10.14718/9789585133273.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Giovanna Visintini ◽

Francesco Busnelli ◽

Antonio Pérez ◽

Silvia Scalzini

Keyword(s):

Data Protection ◽

Data Privacy ◽

Academic Research ◽

Personal Data ◽

Comparative Law ◽

Current Status ◽

Right To Privacy ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

The Right To Privacy ◽

The Right

The objective of this work is to spread academic research on the recent transformations experienced by traditional civil law institutions ––ownership and liability–– within the field of right to privacy. The evolution of the data privacy that belongs to a person is checked. The notion of the right to privacy and its evolution towards a personal data protection right from a comparative law perspective in order to discover the advances of the Italian and the American law. This work also proposes to review the traditional postulates of property and civil liability to find solutions regarding data security as a person’s heritage. And whose infringement causes damage that have to be reviewed from public liability. Additionally, there is the possibility that with the protection of personal data, a way may be opened to protect the right to privacy and achieve a balance between it and the right to the circulation of information. Italian data protection law is a great example. It allows the content of the privacy to shape the privacy regulations, and has specified both preventive and compensatory protection of the damages derived from the infringement of personal data. The comparative look makes it easier to check the valid legislation in Colombia and the current status of a possible compensation for damages due to the violation of personal data. This allows considering the contributions of comparative law to structure a better articulated protection in Colombia.

Download Full-text

OCHRONA DANYCH OSOBOWYCH W IRLANDII

Zeszyty Prawnicze ◽

10.21697/zp.2008.8.2.11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 243

Author(s):

Bartosz Marcinkowski

Keyword(s):

Data Protection ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Personal Data ◽

Short Review ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

Irish Data ◽

The Republic ◽

The Uk ◽

Conclusion Section

Personal Data Protection in IrelandSummaryThe article is a short review of the personal data protection system in the Republic of Ireland. The review is made in the light of the Polish Data Protection Act of 1997 and Directive 95/46/EC (sections I and II).The introductory parts (sections I and II) include general remarks on the increasing importance and value of privacy and personal data. This increase results, among other things, from rapid development of the Internet and modern data processing and mining measures.Subsequently, in section III, the author discusses the constitutional environment of privacy and personal data protection rules in Ireland, as well as the role of court precedents and Directive 95/46/EC in this respect.Next part of the article (section IV) is dedicated to practical data protection issues identified and discussed by Irish authors, including specific exposures as well as differences between definitions in the Irish Data Protection Acts 1988-2003 and the UK Data Protection Act 1998, and influence of the latter (UK) Act on the Irish Data Protection Commissionaire’s decisionmaking process.Further comments (section V) focus on Data Protection Commissionaire’s rights and obligations (including in particular comments on the Data Protection Commissionaire’s free and friendly consultancy policy).The conclusion (section VI) briefly and synthetically summarizes similarities and differences between Irish and Polish personal data protection rules and practices, stressing issues requiring the European-wide common approach (e.g. in the fields of basic definitions or CCTV legal issues).Finally, the author observes that Polish authors’ reflections on personal data protection and the Polish practice are not inferior to the Irish ones even though Irish regulations have been in place for 10 years longer than the Polish ones.

Download Full-text

Importance of Personal Data Protection Law for Commercial Air Transport

Transactions on Aerospace Research ◽

10.2478/tar-2017-0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (1) ◽

pp. 35-44

Author(s):

Dawid Zadura

Keyword(s):

Data Protection ◽

Public Information ◽

Personal Data ◽

Air Transport ◽

Civil Aviation ◽

Aviation Industry ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

It Systems ◽

Data Protection Law ◽

The Law

Abstract In the review below the author presents a general overview of the selected contemporary legal issues related to the present growth of the aviation industry and the development of aviation technologies. The review is focused on the questions at the intersection of aviation law and personal data protection law. Massive processing of passenger data (Passenger Name Record, PNR) in IT systems is a daily activity for the contemporary aviation industry. Simultaneously, since the mid- 1990s we can observe the rapid growth of personal data protection law as a very new branch of the law. The importance of this new branch of the law for the aviation industry is however still questionable and unclear. This article includes the summary of the author’s own research conducted between 2011 and 2017, in particular his audits in LOT Polish Airlines (June 2011-April 2013) and Lublin Airport (July - September 2013) and the author’s analyses of public information shared by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), International Air Transport Association (IATA), Association of European Airlines (AEA), Civil Aviation Authority (ULC) and (GIODO). The purpose of the author’s research was to determine the applicability of the implementation of technical and organizational measures established by personal data protection law in aviation industry entities.

Download Full-text

Problems of establishment and development of the Institution of personal data protection in the Russian Federation: historical-legal aspect

Вопросы безопасности ◽

10.25136/2409-7543.2020.4.33798 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-35

Author(s):

Yanis Arturovich Sekste ◽

Anna Sergeevna Markevich

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Data Protection ◽

Information Technologies ◽

Legal Aspect ◽

Personal Data ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Private Life ◽

Russian Society ◽

Personal Data Protection ◽

The Russian Federation

The subject of this research is the problems emerging in the process of establishment and development of the Institution of personal data protection in the Russian Federation. Special attention is turned to the comparison of Soviet and Western models of protection of private life and personal data. The authors used interdisciplinary approach, as comprehensive and coherent understanding of socio-legal institution of personal data protection in the Russian Federation is only possible in inseparable connection with examination of peculiarities of the key historical stages in legal regulation of private life of the citizen. After dissolution of the Soviet political and legal system, the primary task of Russian law consisted in development and legal formalization of the institution of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms, first and foremost by means of restricting invasion of privacy by the state and enjoyment of personal freedom. It is concluded that the peculiarities of development of the new Russian political and legal model significantly impacted the formation of the institution of personal data protection in the Russian Federation. The authors believe that the Russian legislator and competent government branches are not always capable to manage the entire information flow of personal data; therefore, one of the priority tasks in modern Russian society is the permanent analysis and constant monitoring of the development of information technologies.

Download Full-text