scholarly journals Staliniana as a Tool for the Myth Fortification: Once Again about Stalin’s Visits to Razliv

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Irina I. Rutsinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Stalin Era ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Tools ◽  
Over Time

Historians have long been studying in detail the story of I.V. Stalin visiting V.I. Lenin in Razliv. The main subject of their interest is whether this event took place in reality. Most of modern authors agree that it did not. This article does not dispute this verdict, because it is not about the event itself, but about the history of the mythologeme’s origin and the forms of its representation in the culture of the Stalin era.Researchers have not ye raised the question of why this story was introduced by Stalin into the updated version of his own official biography only thirty years after the events described in it. Meanwhile, appealing to it makes it possible not only to comprehend the reasons and goals of mythologizing individual episodes of the leader’s biography at the culmination stage of building his cult, but also to study the methods and forms of using cultural tools to achieve such goals.The article focuses mainly on visual representations of the mythological story. However, it was important not only to analyze and classify the new unstudied iconographic schemes that had never been studied by anyone before, but also to see them in a historical and cultural context. This approach made it possible to demonstrate how the Soviet representation strategies had been “working” under the conditions of the permanent expansion of the leader’s “life story”, as well as how the universally proclaimed slogan about the immense veneration of the teacher Lenin by his student Stalin had been adjusted over time. The fact that the story of “Stalin in Razliv” had remained for a long time beyond the attention of the leader himself and the ideologists of his cult (i.e. it had been considered unworthy of special efforts) and was included in his biography only seven years before his death, makes the analysis proposed in the article even more comprehensive.

Archaeological Drawings as Re-Presentations: The Maps of Complex A, La Venta, Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
History Of ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Archaeological Knowledge ◽  
Field Report ◽  
Formal Design ◽  
Over Time

AbstractScientific drawings, including maps, are increasingly recognized as theory-laden media for conveying information. The degree to which this quality impacts archaeological interpretations is revealed in the history of the published maps of La Venta, a Formative period Mesoamerican regional center. La Venta is pivotal to understanding the Olmec culture of Mexico’s Gulf Coast, yet archaeological knowledge is based primarily on one small portion of the site, Complex A, excavated in 1955. Since destroyed, Complex A is now known especially through visual representations. A review of the Complex A maps in the original field report and subsequent publications demonstrates how these technical drawings have sometimes superseded the textual excavation data in generating and disseminating archaeological knowledge. Over time the maps have become more schematic and misleading, impeding understandings of La Venta and its role in regional cultural manifestations. Reliance on totalizing plan maps has led most archaeologists to overlook the 1955 excavators’ major interpretations of the construction history of Complex A. However, the 1955 conclusions regarding the longevity of the formal design rules of the complex, reiterated by later archaeologists precisely because they are clearly visible in plan maps, are less well supported by the stratigraphic evidence.

Negotiating the family order and the initiation of methamphetamine use in Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 174889582097171
Author(s):  
David Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Negotiated Order ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Breakdown ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Story Interviews

This article uses the concept of the “negotiated order” as developed by McAra and McVie to focus on the role and nature of the “family order” in shaping the initiation of methamphetamine use in Japan. Presenting empirical qualitative data from multiple life-story interviews with 11 men with a history of methamphetamine use, the findings demonstrate that while there were variegated paths that led to initiation of use, a common factor was family breakdown and exclusion. Given the “group-oriented” nature of social organization and relations in Japan and the risks emanating from marginalization from “insider” groups, understanding the importance of the ways in which the ascription and negotiation of identities within and around the family can lead to initiation in a severely stigmatized and criminalized activity in this cultural context provides useful lessons for thinking about formal and informal responses to illegal drugs.

scholarly journals How the Ritual of a City Holiday is changing: the Case of the Amur Tiger Day

Inter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Natalya Yu. Malkova
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Amur Tiger ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Original Idea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Idea Formation ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

The article explores the city holiday Amur Tiger Day in Vladivostok, which originated as a civic initiative, and later became an official event. The history of the holiday invention and the socio-cultural context of the holiday idea formation are considered, the changes in the structure and the meaning of this holiday over time are analyzed. The hypothesis is formulated that a civil initiative, representing a type of social action, can provide the creation of meanings, their preservation in a group and their transfer to newcomers only if certain strict limits or “rituals” are observed. The conducted empirical research has shown that a deviation from the established ritual results not only distorts the original idea, but also produces a more formal attitude of participants to the event. It can also become a way to solve “external” problems that are completely unrelated to the event. The obtained data make possible to conclude that there is some discrepancy between the initial aim of the holiday to form a new way of life and its nowadays perception as a matter for recreation and entertainment. The city holiday as a social action is now deritualized and this influences the citizens’ perception of the holiday and their involvement in the action.

scholarly journals Spiritual Development as an Educational Goal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Moulin-Stożek
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Educational Goal ◽  
Mass Education ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Purpose: To inform current international debates about educating for wholeness and purpose, this article gives a critical analysis of spiritual development as a goal of state-funded schooling in England and Wales. Design/Approach/Methods: The analysis follows a history of ideas approach. Relevant texts are examined to understand how notions of “spiritual” and “development” were first combined and introduced into mass education, and how they have changed over time. Findings: The concept of spiritual development blends scientific conceptions of human development with a holistic, but ambiguous formative principle. This expedient, even paradoxical ideal, has resulted in confusion among practitioners and allowed for some considerable shift in policy. Originality/Value: Spiritual development in the English context provides a paradigmatic case by which to explore the integration of formative goals in the curriculum. While in some respects the English tradition of spiritual development represents something of its time and its unique cultural context, its underlying assumptions resonate with renewed international interest for educating for meaning and purpose.

scholarly journals New fossil discoveries illustrate the diversity of past terrestrial ecosystems in New Caledonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Garrouste ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Andrew Leslie ◽  
Jessica Fisher ◽  
Nicolas Folcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Marine Sedimentation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fossil Data ◽  
Over Time

AbstractNew Caledonia was, until recently, considered an old continental island harbouring a rich biota with outstanding Gondwanan relicts. However, deep marine sedimentation and tectonic evidence suggest complete submergence of the island during the latest Cretaceous to the Paleocene. Molecular phylogenies provide evidence for some deeply-diverging clades that may predate the Eocene and abundant post-Oligocene colonisation events. Extinction and colonization biases, as well as survival of some groups in refuges on neighbouring paleo-islands, may have obscured biogeographic trends over long time scales. Fossil data are therefore crucial for understanding the history of the New Caledonian biota, but occurrences are sparse and have received only limited attention. Here we describe five exceptional fossil assemblages that provide important new insights into New Caledonia’s terrestrial paleobiota from three key time intervals: prior to the submersion of the island, following re-emergence, and prior to Pleistocene climatic shifts. These will be of major importance for elucidating changes in New Caledonia’s floristic composition over time.

scholarly journals New fossil discoveries reveal the diversity of past terrestrial ecosystems in New Caledonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Garrouste ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Andrew Leslie ◽  
Jessica Fisher (deceaded) ◽  
Nicolas Folcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Marine Sedimentation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fossil Data ◽  
Over Time

Abstract New Caledonia was, until recently, considered an old continental island harbouring a rich biota with outstanding Gondwanan relicts. However, deep marine sedimentation and tectonic evidence suggest complete submergence of the island during the latest Cretaceous to Paleocene. Molecular phylogenies provide evidence for some deeply-diverging clades that may predate the Eocene and abundant post-Oligocene colonisation events. Extinction and colonization biases, as well as survival of some groups in refugia on neighbouring paleo-islands may have obscured biogeographic trends over long time scales. Fossil data are therefore crucial for understanding the history of the New Caledonian biota, but occurrences are sparse and have received only limited attention. Here we describe five exceptional fossil assemblages that provide important new insights into New Caledonia’s terrestrial paleobiota from three key time intervals: prior to the submersion of the island, following re-emergence, and prior to Pleistocene climatic shifts. They reveal important changes in floristic composition over time, even between the early and late Miocene.

Hospitality and religious diversity, or, when is home not a home?

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-436
Author(s):  
Kyle Conway
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Secular State

Recent debates about hospitality and religious diversity frequently hinge on unspoken notions of home. This is especially true in the Canadian province of Quebec, where citizens have worked to establish a secular state after a history of domination by the Catholic Church. In the last two decades, as religious minorities have grown, controversy has arisen about requests for accommodations made on religious grounds. Here I examine responses to those requests and ask what notions of home underpin them. One is grounded in history: its adherents contend that immigrants are guests and should conform to the norms of their new home. It expands the geography of home by linking secularism to collective identity. A second is grounded in political-legal thought: its adherents contend citizens are at home even if their views differ from the majority’s. It recognizes that long-time residents and newcomers mutually influence each other and, over time, people’s identities change.

scholarly journals FROM THE HISTORY OF ST. VOLODYMYR UNIVERSITY: NAZARII ANTONOVYCH FAVOROV

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
V. G. Napadysta
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Moral Theology ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article reconstructs the life and analyzes the main thematic components of the creative heritage of Nazariy Antonovich Favorov (1820-1897), Doctor of Theology, a professor who for almost four decades (1859-1897) taught moral theology at the St. Vladimir University and was the rector of the university church. Ideological and political prejudices have led to the long neglect of a highly respected, recognized person both by university tutors corporation and a wide circle of the public. N. A. Favorov is the author of many works on moral theology, in particular, "Essays on the Moral Orthodox-Christian Doctrine", which had seven editions, were highly appreciated by colleagues and for a long time were considered an official textbook on moral theology in Russia. The moralist-theologian concentrates his attention on the problems of the origin of morality, correlation of the morality doctrine with religious and philosophical foundations, the characteristic features of the moral activity subject, freedom of will and substantiation of its significance for the moral existence of man, moral choice, moral qualities and their place and role in the human essence. It was established that the main topics of his creative ideas were predominantly determined by the problems, established in moral theology, but N.A. Favorov did not overlook the issues relevant for academic philosophizing in Ukraine and the Western European ethical discourse of the second half of the nineteenth century. The semantic accents in the substantiation of N.A. Favorov's crea- tive searches were based on the main provisions of the Orthodox religious doctrine. The work of N.A. Favorov, though not entirely original, has a thorough and holistic presentation of the main problems of the moral existence of man, widely spread in the educational space of Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth century, making his creative legacy important and meaningful in the national historical and cultural context.

BRIDGE BUILDING AS A PROBLEM OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Minaeva ◽  
Sergey S. Gulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
European North ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Floating Bridge ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Bridge Building ◽  
Xix Century

Introduction. The organization of transport links and the bridge building in cities located on the banks of wide rivers has always been one of the most important tasks of the local administration. The study of the history of bridge building allows not only to trace the process of modernization of different regions of the country, but also to help in solving similar problems of our time. Nevertheless, the history of Russian bridge building is poorly studied. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics and features of the organization of bridge building in big cities of the European North of Russia as a way to solve one of the problems of urban infrastructure in the early XX century. Materials and Methods. The sources for this study are the documents of the State archive of the Arkhangelsk region, published documents on the history of Vologda, articles in the local periodicals of the early XX century. The analysis of the studied problem used a systematic approach, the method of economic analysis, historical and historical-comparative methods. Results and Discussion. The building of permanent bridges was a need for the development of Arkhangelsk and Vologda. In Vologda the two wooden bridges were built in the middle of XIX century on city funds and in the future these bridges were repaired or rebuilt. The Arkhangelsk city authorities did not hurry to solve a problem of city infrastructure by own efforts and a long time they used the floating bridge. The lack of experience in the building of large bridges and the desire to save money led to the rapid destruction of the first permanent bridge in Arkhangelsk. Conclusion. The Development of trade and industry in cities of the European North of Russia, such as Arkhangelsk and Vologda, led to the expansion of their territory and the emergence over time, the so-called third parts of the cities. Despite the comparable size of the population of the districts located across the river, the process of connecting them with bridges to the rest of the city went at different rates, which depended on the attitude of the local administration to the problem of urban infrastructure.

The Path of Standard Albanian Language Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Sindorela Doli Kryeziu
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Language History ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Body ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Language Literature

Abstract In our paper we will talk about the whole process of standardization of the Albanian language, where it has gone through a long historical route, for almost a century.When talking about standard Albanian language history and according to Albanian language literature, it is often thought that the Albanian language was standardized in the Albanian Language Orthography Congress, held in Tirana in 1972, or after the publication of the Orthographic Rules (which was a project at that time) of 1967 and the decisions of the Linguistic Conference, a conference of great importance that took place in Pristina, in 1968. All of these have influenced chronologically during a very difficult historical journey, until the standardization of the Albanian language.Considering a slightly wider and more complex view than what is often presented in Albanian language literature, we will try to describe the path (history) of the standard Albanian formation under the influence of many historical, political, social and cultural factors that are known in the history of the Albanian people. These factors have contributed to the formation of a common state, which would have, over time, a common standard language.It is fair to think that "all activity in the development of writing and the Albanian language, in the field of standardization and linguistic planning, should be seen as a single unit of Albanian culture, of course with frequent manifestations of specific polycentric organization, either because of divisions within the cultural body itself, or because of the external imposition"(Rexhep Ismajli," In Language and for Language ", Dukagjini, Peja, 1998, pp. 15-18.)

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