scholarly journals Substantiation of the adaptability of Zizyphus jujuba varieties to the climatic conditions of the Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-101
Author(s):  
В.А. Семенютина ◽  
И.П. Свинцов

Актуальность обусловлена интродукцией субтропической плодовой культуры Zizyphus jujuba(унаби) в Волгоградскую область. Впервые в условиях Волгоградской области проанализирован и обобщен материал по биохимическим свойствам различных сортов плодов унаби. Цель исследований – изучение адаптивных реакций субтропических растений Zizyphus jujubа в северных точках возделывания на основе их биохимических и физиологических параметров. Объекты - растительные генотипы Z. jujuba: крупноплодные, среднеплодные и мелкоплодные. Опытные посадки с их участием возделываются на коллекционном участке ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН (Волгоград, Россия). Исследование адаптивных реакций на изменение условий среды базируется на фиксации экологических факторов и биоэкологии растительных особей на основе их физиологических и биохимических параметров в полевых и лабораторных условиях. В задачи исследований входило: выявление лимитирующих факторов, ограничивающих развитие; анализ критических периодов развития растений по изменению водного обмена и температурного режима; сравнительная оценка биохимических характеристик плодов в северной точке ареала культивирования с учетом адаптации к стресс-факторам (генотип-среда). Выявлено, что недостаток воды приводит к увеличению концентрации растворимых веществ. Обезвоживание приводит к нарушению целостности мембран и оказывает влияние на состав пигментного комплекса. Установлена вариабельность содержания аскорбиновой кислоты по годам: у крупноплодных и среднеплодных растений от 31,9 до 66,5 мг %. У мелкоплодных растений в условиях культивирования вариабельность по годам менее выражена. В засушливый период (общий запас влаги в почве до двух метров 130-141 мм) содержание аскорбиновой кислоты снижается. Мелкоплодные растения, проявляющие высокую степень адаптации, имеют большие показатели содержания аскорбиновой кислоты (до 740,3 мг %). Ограничивающими факторами являются повышения температур и снижение влажности воздуха в летний период при малом количестве осадков и запаса влаги в корнеобитаемом слое почвы. Продуктивность растений при стрессе сильно зависит от поддержания водного статуса растений. Любая оценка водного статуса должна учитывать реакцию растений на условия окружающей среды и характеристику этих условий The relevance is due to the introduction of the subtropical fruit culture Zizyphus jujuba (unabi) to the Volgograd region. For the first time in the conditions of the Volgograd region, the material on the biochemical properties of various varieties of una-bi fruits was analyzed and generalized. The aim of the research is to study the adaptive reactions of subtropical plants of Zizyphus jujuba in the northern points of cultivation based on their biochemical and physiological parameters. The objects are plant genotypes of Z. jujuba: large-fruited, medium-fruited and small-fruited. Experimental plantings with their participation are cultivated at the collection site of the Federal Research Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Volgograd, Russia). The study of adaptive reactions to changing environmental conditions is based on the fixation of environmental factors and bioecology of growing individuals based on their physiological and biochemical parameters in the field and laboratory conditions. The research objectives included: identification of limiting factors limiting development; analysis of critical periods of plant development by changes in water metabolism and temperature regime; comparative assessment of the biochemical characteristics of fruits in the northern point of the cultivation area, taking into account adaptation to stress factors (genotype-environment). It was revealed that the lack of water leads to an increase in the concentration of soluble substances. Dehydration leads to a violation of the integrity of the membranes and affects the composition of the pigment complex. The variability of ascorbic acid content by years was established: in large-fruited and medium-fruited plants from 31.9 to 66.5 mg %. In small-fruited plants under cultivation, the variability over the years is less pronounced. During the dry period (the total moisture reserve in the soil is up to two meters 130-141 mm), the content of ascorbic acid decreases. Small-fruited plants showing a high degree of adaptation have high rates of ascorbic acid content (up to 740.3 mg%). Limiting factors are temperature increases and a decrease in air humidity in summer with low rainfall and moisture reserves in the root layer of the soil.The productivity of plants under stress strongly depends on the maintenance of the water status of plants. Any assessment of the water status should take into account the reaction of plants to environmental conditions and the characteristics of these conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-422
Author(s):  
Seiichi HOMMA ◽  
Tae-Yung CHUNG ◽  
Keiko ABE ◽  
Tadao KURATA ◽  
Hiromichi KATO ◽  
...  

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Haskovic ◽  
A Copra Janicijevic ◽  
A Topcagic ◽  
L Klepo ◽  
A Kapur ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Lopes da Silva ◽  
Renato de Mello Prado ◽  
Luis Felipe Lata Tenesaca ◽  
José Lucas Farias da Silva ◽  
Ben-Hur Mattiuz

AbstractCalcium (Ca) deficiency in cabbage plants induces oxidative damage, hampering growth and decreasing quality, however, it is hypothesized that silicon (Si) added to the nutrient solution may alleviate crop losses. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating whether silicon supplied in the nutrient solution reduces, in fact, the calcium deficiency effects on cabbage plants. In a greenhouse, cabbage plants were grown using nutrient solutions with Ca sufficiency and Ca deficiency (5 mM) without and with added silicon (2.5 mM), arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial in randomized blocks, with five replications. At 91 days after transplanting, the plants were harvested for biological evaluations. In the treatment without added Si, Ca deficiency promoted oxidative stress, low antioxidant content, decreased dry matter, and lower quality leaf. On the other hand, added Si attenuated Ca deficiency in cabbage by decreasing cell extravasation while increasing both ascorbic acid content and fresh and dry matter, providing firmer leaves due to diminished leaf water loss after harvesting. We highlighted the agronomic importance of Si added to the nutrient solution, especially in crops at risk of Ca deficiency.


1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
HAK-YOON JU ◽  
W. JOHN MULLIN

The ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content of fresh imported field tomatoes and Nova Scotia greenhouse and field tomatoes was determined on a bi-weekly basis during the period of availability of each type of tomato to the Nova Scotia consumer in 1984. The average ascorbic acid contents of imported and Nova Scotia field and greenhouse tomatoes were 13.3, 16.7 and 17.7 mg 100 g−1 fresh weight, respectively. A study of nine recommended or promising field tomatoes for the Atlantic region showed significant differences in ascorbic acid content among the cultivars. The cultivar Quick Pick had the highest ascorbic acid content of 22.5 ± 1.5 mg 100 g−1, the cultivar Campbell 18 had the lowest content, 12.0 ± 2.9 mg 100 g−1. In Dombito greenhouse tomatoes the stage of maturity and the effect of cluster location were tested against ascorbic acid content. The lowest ascorbic acid content of 9.1 ± 1.0 mg 100 g−1 was found with the small green tomatoes while others from mature green to overripe contained 14.0–16.7 mg 100 g−1. Tomatoes from different cluster locations showed no significant difference in ascorbic acid content.Key words: Vitamin C, L-ascorbic acid, tomatoes


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijendren Krishnan ◽  
Syahida Ahmad ◽  
Maziah Mahmood

Plants from Gynura family was used in this study, namely,Gynura procumbensandGynura bicolor.Gynura procumbensis well known for its various medicinal properties such as antihyperglycaemic, antihyperlipidaemic, and antiulcerogenic; meanwhile,G. bicolorremains unexploited. Several nonenzymatic antioxidants methods were utilized to study the antioxidant capacity, which include ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and ascorbic acid content determination. DPPH assay revealsG. procumbensshoot as the lowest (66.885%) andG. procumbensroot as the highest (93.499%) DPPH radical inhibitor. In FRAP assay, reducing power was not detected inG. procumbensleaf callus (0.000 TEAC mg/g FW) wherebyG. procumbensroot exhibits the highest (1.103 TEAC mg/g FW) ferric reducing power. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content exhibited similar trend for both the intact plants analysed. In all antioxidant assays,G. procumbenscallus culture exhibits very low antioxidant activity. However,G. procumbensroot exhibited highest phenolic content, flavonoid content, and ascorbic acid content with 4.957 TEAC mg/g FW, 543.529 QEµg/g FW, and 54.723 µg/g FW, respectively. This study reveals thatG. procumbensroot extract is a good source of natural antioxidant.


1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
D. Pelluet

The amount of ascorbic acid in the slug Arion subfuscus has been estimated quantitatively at laboratory temperatures and at 0°–2 °C. The results show that the effect of the exposure to the low temperature reduces the amount-present in the ovotestis significantly. In general, the amount of ascorbic acid in the cold treated animals does not exceed that of the controls. This result does not agree with the cytological appearance of the ovotestis exposed to the same conditions, in which the cold treated animals show an increased number of granules of ascorbic acid after an initial decrease.


2021 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 111622
Author(s):  
Yating Zhang ◽  
Nikolaos Ntagkas ◽  
Dimitrios Fanourakis ◽  
Georgios Tsaniklidis ◽  
Jiantao Zhao ◽  
...  

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