Estimation of the vaccination coverage before and after the warning about a quadrivalent vaccine against mumps, measles, rubella and varicella

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sanftenberg
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Yunnan Province, China, 2008–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Hongchao Jiang ◽  
Xin Tian ◽  
Xueshan Xia ◽  
Tian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Vaccination Coverage Rate ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Since 2016, enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccines have been approved for market entry, and little is known about how the epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has been affected by the introduction of the vaccines in Yunnan Province. The study describes the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD before and after the introduction of EV71 vaccination in Yunnan Province. Methods Surveillance data collected between 2008 and 2019 were analyzed to produce epidemiological distribution on cases, etiologic composition, and EV71 vaccination coverage, as well as to compare these characteristics before and after EV71 vaccination. Results A total of 1,653,533 children received EV71 vaccines from 2016 through 2019 in Yunnan. The annual EV71 vaccination coverage rate ranged from 5.53 to 15.01% among children ≤5 years old. After the introduction of EV71 vaccines, the overall incidence of HFMD increased and reached over 200 cases per 100,000 population-years in 2018 and 2019. However, the case severity and case fatality rate decreased and remained lower than 1 and 0.005% after 2016, respectively. EV71-associated mild, severe and fatal cases sharply decreased. The predominant viral serotype changed to non-EV71/non-CV-A16 enteroviruses which were detected across the whole province. Conclusions Non-EV71/non-CV-A16 enteroviruses became the predominant strain and led to a higher incidence in Yunnan. Expanding EV71 vaccination and strengthening laboratory-based surveillance could further decrease the burden of severe HFMD and detect and monitor emerging enteroviruses.

scholarly journals Impact of Communicative and Informative Strategies on Influenza Vaccination Adherence and Absenteeism from Work of Health Care Professionals Working at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy: A Quasi-Experimental Field Trial on Twelve Influenza Seasons

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Costantino ◽  
Alessandra Casuccio ◽  
Francesca Caracci ◽  
Stefania Bono ◽  
Giuseppe Calamusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The University

Every year, about 20% of health care workers (HCWs) acquire influenza, continuing to work and encouraging virus spreading. Influenza vaccination coverage rates and absenteeism from work among HCWs of the University Hospital (UH) of Palermo were analyzed before and after the implementation of several initiatives in order to increase HCWs’ awareness about influenza vaccination. Vaccines administration within hospital units, dedicated web pages on social media and on the UH of Palermo institutional web site, and mandatory compilation of a dissent form for those HCWs who refused vaccination were carried out during the last four influenza seasons. After the introduction of these strategies, influenza vaccination coverage went up from 5.2% (2014/2015 season) to 37.2% (2018/2019 season) (p < 0.001), and mean age of vaccinated HCWs significantly decreased from 48.1 years (95% CI: 45.7–50.5) to 35.9 years (95% CI: 35.0–36.8). A reduction of working days lost due to acute sickness among HCWs of the UH of Palermo was observed. Fear of adverse reactions and not considering themselves as a high-risk group for contracting influenza were the main reasons reported by HCWs that refused vaccination. Strategies undertaken at the UH of Palermo allowed a significant increase in vaccination adherence and a significant reduction of absenteeism from work.

scholarly journals Reduction patterns of Japanese encephalitis incidence following vaccine introduction into long-term expanded program on immunization in Yunnan Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ting Hu ◽  
Qiong-Fen Li ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Zhi-Xian Zhao ◽  
Li-Fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Expanded Program On Immunization

Abstract Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a leading cause of childhood viral encephalitis both at global level and in China. Vaccination is recommended as a key strategy to control JE. In China most JE cases have been reported in southwest provinces, which include Yunnan. In this study, we quantify the epidemiological shift of JE in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2017, covering before and after the introduction of JE vaccination into routine Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2007. Methods We used routinely collected data in the case-based JE surveillance system from 2005 through 2017 in Yunnan. Cases were reported from hospital and county-level Centers for Disease Control in line with the National JE Surveillance Guideline. Epidemiological data were extracted, analysed and presented in appropriate ways. Immunization coverage was estimated from actual JE doses administered and new births for each year. Results A total 4780 JE cases (3077 laboratory-confirmed, 1266 clinical and 437 suspected) were reported in the study period. Incidence of JE (per 100 000 population) increased from 0.95 in 2005 to 1.69 in 2007. With increase in vaccination coverage, incidence rates decreased steadily from 1.16 in 2009 to 0.17 in 2017. However, seasonality remained similar across the years, peaking in June–September. Banna (bordering Myanmar and Laos), Dehong (bordering Myanmar), and Zhaotong (an inland prefecture) had the highest incidence rates of 2.3, 1.9, and 1.6, respectively. 97% of all cases were among local residents. As vaccination coverage increased (and incidence decreased), proportion of JE cases among children < 10 years old decreased from 70% in 2005 to 32% in 2017, while that among adults ≥20 years old increased from 12 to 48%. There were a large number of JE cases with unknown treatment outcomes, especially in the earlier years of the surveillance system. Conclusions The 13-year JE surveillance data in Yunnan Province showed dramatic decrease of total incidence and a shift from children to adults. Improving vaccination coverage, including access to adults at risk, and strengthening the JE surveillance system is needed to further control or eliminate JE in the province.

scholarly journals Ongoing Epidemiological Changes in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Following the Introduction of Enterovirus 71 Vaccines in Yunnan Province, China, 2008-2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Hongchao Jiang ◽  
Xin Tian ◽  
Xueshan Xia ◽  
Tian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Vaccination Coverage Rate ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Epidemiological Changes

Abstract Background:Since 2016, enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccines have been approved for market entry, and litter is known about how the epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has been affected by the introduction of the vaccines in Yunnan Province. The study describes the ongoing epidemiological changes in HFMD following the introduction of EV71 vaccination in Yunnan.Methods:Surveillance data collected between 2008 and 2019 were analyzed to produce EV71 vaccination coverage, epidemiological distribution on cases, and etiologic composition as well as to compare these characteristics before and after EV71 vaccination.Results:A total of 1,653,533 people received EV71 vaccines from 2016 through 2019 in Yunnan. The cumulative EV71 vaccination coverage rate was 68.14%. After the introduction of EV71 vaccines, the overall incidence of HFMD increased and reached over 200 cases per 100,000 population-years in 2018 and 2019. However, the case severity and case fatality rate decreased and remained lower than 1% and 0.005% after 2016, respectively. EV71-associated mild, severe and fatal cases sharply decreased. The predominant viral serotype changed to non-EV71/non-CV-A16 enteroviruses which were detected across the whole province.Conclusions: EV71 vaccination helped to reduce severe HFMD. However, other enteroviruses became the predominant strain and let to a higher incidence. Expanding EV71 vaccination and strengthening laboratory-based surveillance could further decrease the burden of severe HFMD and reveal the existence of emerging enteroviruses.

scholarly journals Significant decline of HPV 6 infection and genital warts despite low HPV vaccination coverage in young women in Germany: a long-term prospective, cohort data analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Denecke ◽  
Thomas Iftner ◽  
Angelika Iftner ◽  
Sebastian Riedle ◽  
Marion Ocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
Vaccination Rates

Abstract Background The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has resulted in a remarkable decline of genital warts in women and men, but in Germany historical rates of vaccination are relatively low. We report long-term surveillance data on changes in HPV 6 and HPV 11 infection and the prevalence of genital warts in young women in the Wolfsburg HPV epidemiological study (WOLVES). Methods Women born in 1983/84, 1988/89, and 1993/94 participated in four cohorts between 2009/10 and 2014/15. Quadrivalent vaccination coverage and prevalence of HPV 6/11 infection and genital warts are reported for participants aged 19−22 years and 24−27 years at the time of sample collection. Statistical analyses were done to compare similarly aged participants using 2 x 2 contingency tables (Röhmel-Mansmann unconditional exact test; two-side alpha of 0.05). Results A total of 2,456 women were recruited. In 2010, vaccination rates were 40/659 (6.1%) in women aged 24−27 years and 142/600 (23.7%) in those aged 19−22 years; 5 years later, vaccination rates had increased to 135/733 (18.4%) and 177/368 (48.1%), respectively. Between 2010 and 2015, there was a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of HPV 6 infection among women aged 24−27 years (2.12% versus 0%; P<0.0001) and women aged 19−22 years (2.0% versus 0%; P=0.0056). There was no significant decline in HPV 11 infection. In total, 52 of 2341 participants were diagnosed with genital warts. There was a statistically significant decrease in the life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 24−27 years between 2010 and 2015 (4.7% versus 1.68%, respectively; P=0.0018). The overall life-time risk of developing genital warts in women aged 19−27 years decreased from 3.1% in 2010 to 1.2% in 2015 (P=0.0022). Conclusions An increase in vaccination coverage was associated with a decreased prevalence of genital warts in young women. A protective effect greater than herd immunity alone was seen despite low vaccination rates. Quadrivalent vaccine had a protective effect on genital HPV 6 infection and an almost fully protective effect on the development of genital warts in the youngest population.

scholarly journals Successful Control of Winter Pyrexias Caused by Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 in Japanese Training Centers by Achieving High Vaccination Coverage

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1070-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Bannai ◽  
Naomi Mae ◽  
Hirotaka Ode ◽  
Manabu Nemoto ◽  
Koji Tsujimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Current Program ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACTEquine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of winter pyrexia in racehorses in two training centers (Ritto and Miho) in Japan. Until the epizootic period of 2008-2009, a vaccination program using a killed EHV-1 vaccine targeted only susceptible 3-year-old horses with low antibody levels to EHV-1 antigens. However, because the protective effect was not satisfactory, in 2009-2010 the vaccination program was altered to target all 3-year-old horses. To evaluate the vaccine's efficacy, we investigated the number of horses with pyrexia due to EHV-1 or equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) infection or both and examined the vaccination coverage in the 3-year-old population and in the whole population before and after changes in the program. The mean (± standard deviation [SD]) estimated numbers of horses infected with EHV-1 or EHV-4 or both, among pyretic horses from 1999-2000 to 2008-2009 were 105 ± 47 at Ritto and 66 ± 44 at Miho. Although the estimated number of infected horses did not change greatly in the first period of the current program, it decreased from the second period, with means (±SD) of 21 ± 12 at Ritto and 14 ± 15 at Miho from 2010-2011 to 2012-2013. Vaccination coverage in the 3-year-old population was 99.4% at Ritto and 99.8% at Miho in the first period, and similar values were maintained thereafter. Coverage in the whole population increased more gradually than that in the 3-year-old population. The results suggest that EHV-1 epizootics can be suppressed by maintaining high vaccination coverage, not only in the 3-year-old population but also in the whole population.

scholarly journals Az orvostanhallgatók vakcinológiai tájékozottsága

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (30) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199
Author(s):  
Ágnes Fehér ◽  
Mónika Fekete ◽  
János Tamás Varga ◽  
Ildikó Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Reliable Knowledge

Abstract: Introduction: The mistrust of vaccinations is already experienced among physicians. It is important for physicians to be well informed, able to convince their patients of the usefulness of vaccinations and set good example for them in this field. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the vaccine knowledge and attitudes of the general medical students of Semmelweis University and their attitudes towards vaccinations before and after the education of ‘Public Health and Preventive Medicine’. Emphasis was placed on the students’ opinion on the vaccines against influenza, measles and hepatitis B virus and their effectiveness. Method: Data collection was done with volunteer participants, using anonymous self-administered questionnaires. The relationship between education and vaccination coverage was proved by calculating Pearson’s correlation and one-way analysis of variance. Results: The knowledge of medical students is incomplete, with negative attitudes towards vaccination against influenza. Generally, respondents found the vaccines useful, but only two-thirds of them considered the influenza vaccine to be important. Students had 6.5% flu vaccination coverage before education, and 24% after education. Two-thirds (67.8%) of the students were aware that the flu vaccine could be given during an epidemic. Surprisingly, the importance of hand washing has been given a greater role in the primary prevention of influenza than flu vaccine. Conclusions: Education plays an important role in shaping the attitudes and responsible behaviour of future physicians. They need to acquire reliable knowledge to persuade their patients as practitioners to use the most effective means of primary prevention of infectious diseases. A change of attitude is needed to stop the route of infection through vaccination, to protect not only their own health but also that of their environment and thus of their patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(30): 1193–1199.

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