scholarly journals The association between low grade inflammation and skin diseases. A cross-sectional survey in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvi-Päivikki Sinikumpu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Circulating glucagon is associated with inflammatory mediators in metabolically compromised subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Ortega ◽  
José M Moreno-Navarrete ◽  
Mónica Sabater ◽  
Wifredo Ricart ◽  
Gema Frühbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Altered Glucose ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

BackgroundAcute phase mediators promote metabolic changes by modifying circulating hormones. However, there is virtually no data about the link between glucagon and inflammatory parameters in obesity-related chronic low-grade inflammation.Study designWe performed both cross-sectional and longitudinal (diet-induced weight loss) studies.MethodsCirculating glucagon concentrations (ELISA), parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism, interleukin 6 (IL6), and complement factor B (CFB) were analyzed in 316 subjects (250 men and 66 women). The effects of weight loss were investigated in an independent cohort of 20 subjects.ResultsCirculating glucagon significantly correlated with glucose (r=0.407,P<0.0001), HbAlc (r=0.426,P<0.0001), fasting triglycerides (r=0.356,P=0.001), and parameters of innate immune response system such as IL6 (r=0.342,P=0.050) and CFB (r=0.404,P=0.002) in obese subjects with altered glucose tolerance, but not in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). In obese and NGT subjects, glucagon was associated with fasting triglycerides (r=0.475,P=0.003) and CFB (r=0.624,P=0.001). In obese subjects, glucagon (P=0.019) and CFB (P=0.002) independently contributed to 26% of fasting triglyceride variance (P<0.0001) after controlling for the effects of age and fasting serum glucose concentration in multiple lineal regression models. Moreover, concomitant with fat mass, fasting triglycerides, and CFB, weight loss led to significantly decreased circulating glucagon (−23.1%,P=0.004).ConclusionsAccording to the current results, acute phase reactants such as IL6 and CFB are associated with fasting glucagon in metabolically compromised subjects. This suggests that glucagon may be behind the association between inflammatory and metabolic parameters in obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance and obesity, and their association with depression in relatively young people: findings from a large UK birth cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Perry ◽  
G. M. Khandaker ◽  
S. Marwaha ◽  
A. Thompson ◽  
S. Zammit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Young People ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
And Gender

AbstractBackgroundDepression frequently co-occurs with disorders of glucose and insulin homeostasis (DGIH) and obesity. Low-grade systemic inflammation and lifestyle factors in childhood may predispose to DGIH, obesity and depression. We aim to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among DGIH, obesity and depression, and to examine the effect of demographics, lifestyle factors and antecedent low-grade inflammation on such associations in young people.MethodsUsing the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort, we used regression analyses to examine: (1) cross-sectional and (2) longitudinal associations between measures of DGIH [insulin resistance (IR); impaired glucose tolerance] and body mass index (BMI) at ages 9 and 18 years, and depression (depressive symptoms and depressive episode) at age 18 years and (3) whether sociodemographics, lifestyle factors or inflammation [interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years] confounded any such associations.ResultsWe included 3208 participants. At age 18 years, IR and BMI were positively associated with depression. These associations may be explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. There were no longitudinal associations between DGIH/BMI and depression, and adjustment for IL-6 and C-reactive protein did not attenuate associations between IR/BMI and depression; however, the longitudinal analyses may have been underpowered.ConclusionsYoung people with depression show evidence of DGIH and raised BMI, which may be related to sociodemographic and lifestyle effects such as deprivation, smoking, ethnicity and gender. In future, studies with larger samples are required to confirm this. Preventative strategies for the poorer physical health outcomes associated with depression should focus on malleable lifestyle factors.

scholarly journals Digital Media Exposure and Predictors for Screen Time in 12-Month-Old Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data From a German Birth Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira Durham ◽  
David Wethmar ◽  
Susanne Brandstetter ◽  
Birgit Seelbach-Göbel ◽  
Christian Apfelbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Early exposure to digital media may affect the physical and cognitive development in young children. The American Academy of Pediatrics and national guidelines recommend no digital media use at all under the age of 18 months. The aim of our study was to determine the actual exposure to digital media in 12-month-old infants and to reveal potential risk factors for screen time.Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional survey, data was collected from the KUNO Kids birth cohort study using parent-report questionnaires regarding the media exposure of the study child. We determined age at first contact with different digital media, mean screen time on an average weekday, and the influence of major demographic and socioeconomic factors.Results: Data for screen time analysis was available for 630 children. In summary, 45% of children had already been exposed to digital media by their first birthday. The most frequent first digital media exposure was the TV (33.0%) followed by smartphones (16.9%), both most commonly exposed to around the age of 8 months. On a regular weekday, 20% of the children spent 0.5–1 h in front of a TV and 9% were exposed to a smartphone for the same time frame, compared to 31% of joint parent-child media use. Predictors for screen time were having one sibling, less living space per person, and excessive TV use in the household, the latter of which doubled the chance of the child being exposed to digital media.Conclusion: A proportion of 10% of 1-year-old children were already regularly exposed to digital media. The TV remains the most predominant device but new media, particularly smartphones, might be catching up. Our study provides further support that family TV time is a major predictor of infant screen time. Pediatric recommendations should be re-evaluated in the light of the actual exposure to digital media already in infancy and parents should be proactively counseled regarding possible effects on child development.

scholarly journals Association between human T cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection and advanced periodontitis in relation to atherosclerosis among elderly Japanese: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Hirotomo Yamanashi ◽  
Masayasu Kitamura ◽  
Reiko Furugen ◽  
Takahiro Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Leukemia Virus Type ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
T Cell Leukemia Virus ◽  
Elderly Japanese ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Abstract Background Human T cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) stimulates inflammation activity. Our previous study revealed a positive association between asymptomatic HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese individuals with low levels of hematopoietic activity (reflected by reticulocyte levels). Since low hematopoietic activity has been correlated with low-grade inflammation and low-grade inflammation is associated with atherosclerosis, the status of atherosclerosis could, in turn, determine the nature of this association. Methods To this end, a cross-sectional study of 907 elderly Japanese individuals (aged 60–99 years), who had participated in dental health check-up during the period 2016–2018, was conducted. Advanced periodontitis was defined as periodontal pocket ≥ 6.0 mm. Results Among the study population, 295 (32.5%) were found to have atherosclerosis defined as a carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) of ≥ 1.1 mm. HTLV-1 infection was positively associated with advanced periodontitis in participants with atherosclerosis, but no significant associations were observed among the participants without atherosclerosis. The known risk factors’ (including reticulocyte and CIMT) adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of advanced periodontitis were OR 2.01 and 95% CI 1.06–3.81 for participants with atherosclerosis and OR 0.61 and 95% CI 0.34–1.12 for participants without atherosclerosis. Conclusion This study found a significant association between HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese with atherosclerosis. However, this association is absent in individuals without atherosclerosis, suggesting that atherosclerosis might act as a determinant in the association between HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese.

scholarly journals Dietary Pattern and Macronutrients Profile on the Variation of Inflammatory Biomarkers: Scientific Update

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira ◽  
Thatianne Moreira Silva Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽  
Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff ◽  
Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

It is known that the dietary pattern and macronutrients profile may influence the expression and secretion of inflammatory biomarkers, and the low-grade inflammation is associated with the manifestation of noncommunicable chronic diseases. Therefore, this review aimed to present and discuss the role of dietary patterns and macronutrients on the variation of inflammatory markers related to NCD risk. Scientific evidences within the last five years based on clinical trials, case-controls, cohorts, and cross-sectional studies indicate that normocaloric, carbohydrate-moderated, low-glycemic index, protein-moderated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich, omega-3, and low-saturated fat diets display positive effects on the inflammatory state, both in healthy individuals and in those with cardiovascular risk, although the second group seems to benefit more from changes in the dietary profile.

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