INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT WITH BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PREPARATIONS ON THE TECHNOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE QUALITY OF ROOT CROPS DURING THE STORAGE OF SUGAR BEET

Author(s):  
О.К. НИКУЛИНА ◽  
Л.И. ЧЕРНЯВСКАЯ

Необходимость длительного хранения большого количества сахарной свеклы на сахарных предприятиях приводит к высоким потерям свекломассы и сахара, а также к снижению технологических качеств сырья. Для снижения потерь сырья при хранении широкое распространение получили химические способы защиты, для оценки эффективности которых не выработано единого комплексного критерия. С целью разработки такого критерия исследована эффективность влияния обработки биологически активными препаратами Гембар, Полидез Плюс и КСД-2 на сохранность сахарсодержащего сырья. Для исследований использовали корнеплоды сахарной свеклы, выращенной в Республике Беларусь, хорошего технологического качества, которые обрабатывали одним из препаратов – КСД-2 концентрацией 5%, Гембар и Полидез Плюс концентрацией 0,15% при расходе 2 дм3 рабочего раствора на 1 т свеклы – и закладывали на краткосрочное, среднесрочное или длительное хранение в производственном кагате. Исследования фитопатологических показателей обработанных препаратами образцов корнеплодов и контрольных – необработанных корнеплодов и расчет потери массы и сахарозы после различной продолжительности хранения проводили в течение двух производственных сезонов. Установлено, что обработка позволяет снизить содержание гнилой массы и массу ростков соответственно на 73–100% и 81% при обработке препаратом Гембар, на 40–42% и 54% при обработке Полидезом Плюс, на 87–100% и 90–92% при обработке КСД-2; уменьшить потери массы свеклы и среднесуточные потери сахарозы соответственно на 6–46% и 22,2–53,3% при обработке препаратом Гембар, на 6–77% и 5,6–29,4% при обработке Полидез Плюс, на 19–76% и 33,3–69,2% при обработке КСД-2 в зависимости от продолжительности хранения и производственного сезона. Также установлено, что в контрольном образце содержание сахарозы в зависимости от продолжительности хранения снижалось, % к массе свеклы, на 0,19 при краткосрочном хранении, на 0,48 при среднесрочном и на 0,83 при длительном хранении, но после обработки препаратом КСД-2 образцы корнеплодов потеряли соответственно 0,05; 0,19 и 0,47% сахарозы к массе свеклы, что в 3,8; 2,5 и 1,8 раза меньше по сравнению с контролем. На основе результатов исследований для оценки эффективности влияния применяемого препарата на снижение деградации сахарной свеклы при различной продолжительности хранения (сохранность технологических качеств) предложено использование двух комплексных показателей – индекса технологического качества сахарной свеклы и индекса сохранности сахарной свеклы. По разработанным формулам комплексных показателей рассчитаны индексы сохранности сахарной свеклы для исследованных вариантов хранения. The need for long-term storage of a large amount of sugar beet at sugar enterprises leads to high losses of beet pulp and sugar, as well as to a decrease in the technological qualities of raw materials. To reduce the loss of raw materials during storage, chemical methods of protection have become widespread, for evaluating the effectiveness of which no single complex criterion has been developed. In order to develop such a criterion, the effectiveness of the effect of treatment with biologically active preparations Gembar, Polydez Plus and KSD-2 on the safety of sugar-containing raw materials was studied. For the research, we used sugar beet roots grown in the Republic of Belarus, of good technological quality, which were treated with one of the preparations – KSD-2 with a concentration of 5%, Gembar and Polydez Plus with a concentration of 0,15% at a consumption of 2 dm3of the working solution per 1 ton of beet – and laid for short-term, medium-term or long-term storage in a production cahat. Studies of phytopathological parameters of samples of root crops treated with preparations and control samples of untreated root crops and calculation of weight loss and sucrose after different storage periods were carried out during two production seasons. It was found that the treatment allows to reduce the content of rotten mass and the mass of sprouts respectively by 73–100% and 81% when treated with Gembar, by 40–42% and 54% when treated with Polydez Plus, by 87–100% and 90–92% when treated with KSD-2; to reduce beet mass losses and average daily sucrose losses, respectively, by 6–46% and 22,2–53,3% when treated with Gembar, by 6–77% and 5,6–29,4% when treated with Polydez Plus, by 19–76% and 33,3–69,2% when processing KSD-2 depending on the duration of storage and the production season. It was also found that in the control sample, the sucrose content, depending on the duration of storage, decreased, % by weight of beet: by 0,19 for short-term storage, by 0,48 for medium-term, and by 0,83 for long-term storage, but after treatment with KSD-2 the root crop samples lost 0,05; 0,19 and 0,47% by weight of beet respectively, which is 3,8; 2,5 and 1,8 times less compared to the control. Based on the research results, the use of two complex indicators – the index of technological quality of sugar beet and the index of safety of sugar beet-is proposed to assess the effectiveness of the effect of the drug used on reducing the degradation of sugar beet with different storage periods (preservation of technological qualities). According to the developed formulas of complex indicators, the indices of the safety of sugar beet for the studied storage options are calculated.

Author(s):  
В.О. ГОРОДЕЦКИЙ ◽  
С.О. СЕМЕНИХИН ◽  
Н.М. ДАИШЕВА ◽  
Н.И. КОТЛЯРЕВСКАЯ ◽  
М.М. УСМАНОВ

Величина неучтенных потерь сахара в России составляет 0,06–0,14 млн т в год, что обусловливает необходимость внедрения мероприятий по их снижению. В статье представлены результаты исследований по снижению микробиологической обсемененности диффузионного сока, очищенного сока II сатурации и сиропа, выведенного на длительное хранение. Рассмотрены причины, обусловливающие обсемененность корнеплодов сахарной свеклы патогенными микроорганизмами. Приведена методика постановки лабораторных исследований. Установлено, что на стадии обработки экстрагента применение сернистого ангидрида позволяет снизить обсемененность диффузионного сока МАФАнМ и плесневыми грибами на 41,75 и 40,26% соответственно. На стадии обработки фильтрованного сока II сатурации применение сернистого ангидрида снижает обсемененность сока МАФАнМ на 76,67% и практически полностью обеспечивает угнетение плесневых грибов. На стадии обработки сиропа применение сернистого ангидрида позволяет снизить обсемененность сиропа после длительного хранения МАФАнМ и плесневыми грибами на 68,97 и 58,33% соответственно, тогда как применение бисульфита натрия – только на 31,03 и 33,33% соответственно. На основании результатов исследований сделан обоснованный вывод, что обработка полупродуктов свеклосахарного производства сульфитсодержащими реагентами, а именно сернистым ангидридом, является эффективным технологическим приемом для обеспечения снижения неучтенных потерь сахарозы, возникающих в результате жизнедеятельности микроорганизмов. The value of unaccounted sugar losses in Russia is 0,06–0,14 million tons per year, which makes it necessary to implement measures to reduce them. The article presents the results of studies to reduce the microbiological contamination of diffusion juice, purified juice of the and syrup removed for long-term storage. The reasons for the contamination of sugar beet root crops with pathogenic microorganisms are considered. The method of setting up laboratory tests is given. It was found that at the stage of processing the extractant, the use of sulfurous anhydride reduces the contamination of the diffusion juice with MAFAnM and mold fungi by 41,75 and 40,26%, respectively. At the stage of processing filtered juice of second carbonation, the use of sulfur dioxide reduces the contamination of MAFAnM juice by 76,67% and almost completely suppresses mold fungi. At the syrup processing stage, the use of sulfurous anhydride reduces the contamination of the syrup after long-term storage by MAFAnM and mold fungi by 68,97 and 58,33%, respectively, while the use of sodium bisulfite – only by 31,03 and 33,33%, respectively. Based on the results obtained, a reasonable conclusion is made that the treatment of beet sugar production intermediates with sulfite-containing reagents, namely, sulfur anhydride, is an effective technological technique to ensure the reduction of unaccounted losses of sucrose resulting from the vital activity of microorganisms.


2018 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
A. Gorodetskiy ◽  
M. Grabovskiy

The paper deals with the results of research on the study of the technological traits changes in foreign hybrids root crops of the KWS company sugar beet enterprises under the influence of long-term storage and their economic efficiency. The conducted researches are especially relevant due to insufficiently studied issues of changes in the technological traits of the root crops of the newest hybrids during their storage in the crutches on the field or at the sugar factory. Estimation of new hybrids of sugar beet by regions of the Forest-steppe allows to predict the genetically determined degree of their plasticity and stability both in the yield and the quality. Hybrids with higher resistance to extreme temperatures are especially valuable. The researches were carried out during 2014–2015 at the "Rasavske" Ltd. of Kaharlyk district, Kyiv region. The sugar content in the root crops increased from 1.6% in the Alyona hybrid to 5.9 % in the Daria hybrid and 6.1 % in the Coryda hybrid, due to the loss of moisture during their prolonged storage. The content of soluble dry matter in the root crops increased from 1.7 % in the Alyona hybrid to 7.7 % in the Coryda hybrid for the same reason. The conducted calculations of cell juice quality showed that long-term storage resulted in the highest growth of this indicator by 8.2 % in the Cesaria hybrid and by 7.5 % in the Acatsia hybrid. In the Alyona hybrid, the growth rate of cell juice quality was only 0.8 %, while the Corida hybrid had the quality of the previous level. In the Olesya hybrid, this indicator decreased by 1.8 % compared with the previous determination period (October 10). The costs of growing root crops ranged from 17,859 to 20,726 UAH/ha. The highest profit was 17435 UAH/ha and the profitability level was 86.3 % for the Alyona hybrid, while the lowest economic efficiency figures were for the profit of 10,201 UAH/ha and the profitability level of 53.7 % in the Carmelite hybrid. The highest rates of the technological traits of root crops during the long-term storage of sugar beet were determined in the Alyona hybrid. The highest yield of root crops was in the Daria hybrid – 79.8 t/ha. According to the indicators of economic efficiency the Alona hybrid was the best in terms of profit (17,435 UAH/ha) and the profitability level of 86.3 %. Key words: sugar beet, hybrids, productivity, yield, sugar content, technological traits, profit, profitability level.


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarwar Khan ◽  
Faiz Ahmad Joyia ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa

: The cost-effective production of high-quality and biologically active recombinant molecules especially proteins is extremely desirable. Seed-based recombinant protein production platforms are considered as superior choice owing to lack of human/animal pathogenic organisms, lack of cold chain requirements for transportation and long-term storage, easy scalability and development of edible biopharmaceuticals in plants with objective to be used in purified or partially processed form is desirable. This review article summarizes the exceptional features of seed-based biopharming and highlights the needs of exploiting it for commercial purposes. Plant seeds offer a perfect production platform for high-value molecules of industrial as well as therapeutic nature owing to lower water contents, high protein storage capacity, weak protease activity and long-term storage ability at ambient temperature. Exploiting extraordinarily high protein accumulation potential, vaccine antigens, antibodies and other therapeutic proteins can be stored without effecting their stability and functionality up to years in seeds. Moreover, ability of direct oral consumption and post-harvest stabilizing effect of seeds offer unique feature of oral delivery of pharmaceutical proteins and vaccine antigens for immunization and disease treatment through mucosal as well as oral route.


Author(s):  
Olena Danylova ◽  
Marina Serdyuk ◽  
Liudmyla Pylypenko ◽  
Victor Pelykh ◽  
Inna Lopotan ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
A. V. Moshkin ◽  
A. T. Vasyukova ◽  
A. E. Alexeyev

The basic information about functional mixtures is outlined, options for compositions and recommendations for use in baking in mass production are proposed. The characteristic of microbiological, physical and chemical indicators is given, and the results of toxicological studies of dry functional mixtures with fruit and berry powders are given. High-calorie, medium-calorie, and low-calorie composite mixtures have been developed for the centralized production of yeast dough. Dry functional mixtures can be produced according to regulatory documents: TU 9161-004-51926638-11 and TI to TU 9161-004-51926638-11. A patent of the Russian Federation No. 2602629 was obtained for dry functional mixtures with fruit and berry powders. The technological scheme for obtaining a dry functional mixture consists of the following operations: sifting, dosing of prescription components in predetermined proportions: dry egg-milk mixture in the amount of 56.2-61.6% sugar – 20.0-24.3% and salt – 14.1-17.2%. Xanthan (1.06-2.43%) or guar (4.25-5.30%) and fruit and berry powders (1.0-1.5%) are introduced as additional raw materials. Then mixing is carried out, preparation for implementation. The resulting mixture is portioned and packaged in paper bags. Fruit and berry powders were prepared from rose hips, aronia, nettle, bananas, apples and carrots. According to microbiological studies, the degree of contamination during storage during the year corresponds to SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, which makes it possible to produce dry functional mixtures with fruit and berry powders for long-term storage. They can be stored in a dry, well-ventilated room in compliance with sanitary rules, with a relative humidity of 65-70% and a temperature of 18-20 °C from 0 to 12 months. It was found that during storage for 12 months. in hermetically sealed paper bags, no powder quality changes were observed. Bakery products made using these mixtures can be recommended for medical, preventive and gerontological nutrition.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Baciocchi ◽  
Giulia Costa

Accelerated carbonation is a carbon utilization option which allows the manufacturing of useful products, employing CO2-concentrated or -diluted emission sources and waste streams such as industrial or other processing solid residues, in a circular economy perspective. If properly implemented, it may reduce the exploitation of virgin raw materials and their associated environmental footprint and permanently store CO2 in the form of Ca and/or Mg carbonates, thus effectively contributing to climate change mitigation. In this perspective article, we first report an overview of the main mineral carbonation pathways that have been developed up to now, focusing on those which were specifically designed to obtain useful products, starting from different alkaline feedstocks. Based on the current state of the art, we then discuss the main critical issues that still need to be addressed in order to improve the overall feasibility of mineral carbonation as a CCUS option, as well as research needs and opportunities.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. De Clercq ◽  
G. Vlaemynck ◽  
E. Van Pamel ◽  
D. Colman ◽  
M. Heyndrickx ◽  
...  

Penicillium expansum is the principal cause of blue mould rot and associated production of patulin, a weak mycotoxin, in apples worldwide. P. expansum growth and patulin production is observed during improper or long-term storage of apples. We have investigated the extent to which each successive step during long-term storage contributes to patulin production in various P. expansum isolates. Fungal isolates collected on apples from several Belgian orchards/industries were identified to species level. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and β-tubulin gene sequencing identified P. expansum and Penicillium solitum as the most prevalent Penicillium species associated with Belgian apples. All 27 P. expansum isolates and eight reference strains were characterised for their patulin production capacity on apple puree agar medium for five days under classical constant temperature and atmosphere conditions. Under these conditions, a large range of patulin production levels was observed. Based on this phenotypic diversity, five P. expansum isolates and one reference strain were selected for in vitro investigation of patulin production under representative conditions in each step of long-term apple storage. Patulin accumulation seemed highly strain dependent and no significant differences between the storage steps were observed. The results also indicated that a high spore inoculum may lead to a strong patulin accumulation even at cold temperatures (1 °C) combined with controlled atmosphere (CA) (3% O2, 1% CO2), suggesting that future control strategies may benefit from considering the duration of storage under CA conditions as well as duration of deck storage.


2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (09) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Akabirov Laziz Isamidinov ◽  
◽  
Gafurov Karim Hakimovich ◽  
Majidov Kakhramon Halimovich ◽  
◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
В.Д. Богданова ◽  
М.В. Воробьев

Площади под свеклой в Российской Федерации колеблются в пределах 65-68 тыс. га, что составляет 7% от общей площади, занятой овощными культурами. Вопросы, связанные с продолжительностью хранения и периодического воспроизведения на всхожесть семян остаются актуальными. В работе исследованы изменения таких важнейших посевных качеств, как энергия прорастания и всхожесть семян столовой свеклы на примере сорта Двусемянная ТСХА после различных сроков хранения. Благодаря селекционной работе можно значительно увеличить сроки хозяйственной годности семян и продолжительность их биологической жизнеспособности. Цель исследований: оценка влияния сроков хранения семян столовой свеклы сорта Двусемянная ТСХА на их посевные качества (всхожесть и энергия прорастания). Для этого определяли всхожесть и энергию прорастания семян столовой свеклы различных семей сорта Двусемянная ТСХА в условиях длительного хранения, изучили полевую всхожесть семян в условиях длительного хранения, установили оптимальные сроки хранения. Полевая всхожесть отдельных семей существенно отличалась. В некоторых случаях, особенно после продолжительного хранения, разница достигала 70%. Наглядно показано, что энергия прорастания и всхожесть семян слабо изменяются в течение четырех лет при отсутствии различных обработок. Выявлено влияние погодных условий в год выращивания семян и генотипических различий семей, что рекомендуется учитывать в селекции и при производстве элитных семян. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о высокой биологической долговечности семян свеклы (более 16 лет), даже при хранении в комнатных условиях. Это важно при репродукции, так как в результате потепления климата изменяется направленность отбора в сторону более позднеспелых форм, менее перерастающих и устойчивых к растрескиванию и деформации корнеплодов. Высокое качество семенного материала культурных растений зависит от условий формирования семян. The area under red beet in the Russian Federation ranges from 65-68 thousand ha, which is 7% of the total area occupied by vegetables. Questions related to the duration of storage and periodic reproduction for seed germination are relevant. The work investigated the changes in such important sowing qualities as the germination energy and germination of red beet seeds using the example of the Dvusemyannaya TSKHA variety, after different storage periods. Thanks to the conduct of breeding work, it is possible to significantly increase the terms of economic shelf life of seeds and the duration of their biological viability. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the shelf life of seeds of red beet variety Dvusemyannaya TSKHA on their sowing qualities (germination and germination energy). To do this, we determined the germination and germination energy of seeds of red beet from different families of the variety Dvusemyannaya TSKHA under conditions of long-term storage, studied the field germination of seeds under conditions of long-term storage, and established the optimal storage periods. Field germination of individual families differed significantly. In some cases, especially as a result of long-term storage, the difference reached 70%. It is clearly shown that the energy of germination and germination of seeds change little over four years in the absence of various treatments. The influence of weather conditions in the year of seed cultivation and genotypic differences of families was revealed. It is recommended to take these factors into account in breeding and in the production of elite seeds. The research results presented by the author indicate a high biological longevity of beet seeds, even when stored in room conditions, which is more than 16 years. This is important for reproduction, since because of climate warming, the direction of selection changes towards later-maturing forms that are less outgrowing and resistant to cracking and deformation of root crops. The high quality of the seed material of cultivated plants depends on the conditions of seed formation.


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