Global Crisis Financial Policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Artan Nimani ◽  
Shpetim Rezniqi ◽  
Valbona Zeqiraj ◽  
Nevruz Zogu
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Living

The current crisis has swept the world with special emphasis, most developed countries, those countries which have most gross -product world and you have a high level of living. Even those who are not experts can describe the consequences of the crisis to see the reality that is seen, but how far will it go this crisis is impossible to predict. Even the biggest experts have conjecture and large divergence, but agree on one thing:- The devastating effects of this crisis will be more severe than ever before and can not be predicted. Long time, the world was dominated economic theory of free market laws. With the belief that the market is the regulator of all economic problems. The market, as river water will flow to find the best and will find the necessary solution best. Therefore much less state market barriers, less state intervention and market itself is an economic self regulation.

scholarly journals Nutrition and cancer – global and African perspectives: a focused update

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Nutritional Transition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lower Income Countries

The burden of cancer worldwide is predicted to almost double by 2030 to nearly 23 million cases annually. The great majority of this increase is expected to occur in less economically developed countries, where access to expensive medical, surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions is likely to be limited to a small proportion of the population. This emphasises the need for preventive measures, as outlined in the declaration from the United Nations 2011 High Level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases. The rise in incidence is proposed to follow from increasing numbers of people reaching middle and older ages, together with increasing urbanisation of the population with a nutritional transition from traditional diets to a more globalised ‘Western’ pattern, with a decrease in physical activity. This is also expected to effect a change in the pattern of cancers from a predominantly smoking and infection dominated one, to a smoking and obesity dominated one. The World Cancer Research Fund estimates that about a quarter to a third of the commonest cancers are attributable to excess body weight, physical inactivity and poor diet, making this the most common cause of cancers after smoking. These cancers are potentially preventable, but knowledge of the causes of cancer has not led to effective policies to prevent the export of a ‘Western’ pattern of cancers in lower income countries such as many in Africa.

scholarly journals Economic Models of Higher Education: An International Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Bruno Ruffini
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Tuition Fees ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

As other sectors, higher education can be characterized by the combination of market mechanisms and state intervention in its funding and organization. Although higher education systems of developed countries pursue similar goals (provide high-level manpower, meet individual and social demands, etc.) and face similar challenges (massive expansion, internationalization, MOOCs, etc.) their economic models differ significantly. In some countries, universities are public and charge no or very low tuition fees, whereas in other countries, the cost-sharing with parents and students is much more demanding. The paper will try to underscore and explain these differences by drawing on the lessons of economic analysis and on the historical and cultural background of countries.

Health care of Cyprus

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
On This Island ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
High Level

In terms of its efficiency and accessibility, the health care of Cyprus is not inferior in many ways to the systems of medical care in a number of developed countries of the world. By placing the main emphasis on the organization of preventive care, the Cypriots were able to achieve quite a high level of life expectancy — 85 years for women and 81 years for men. Due to its excellent geographical position and mild climate, the country has a special attraction in terms of medical tourism, the most popular areas of which are plastic cosmetology, dentistry, and reproductive medicine. Foreigners who come for medical services have the opportunity not only to improve their health, but also to have a wonderful rest, enjoy Mediterranean cuisine, golden sandy beaches and blessed sunshine. Fortunately, nature provides all the opportunities for this — scientists say that at least 300 days a year are sunny on this island.

VRML-Based System for a 3D Virtual Museum

2005 ◽  
pp. 3028-3035
Author(s):  
José-Fernando. Diez-Higuera ◽  
Francisco-Javier Diaz-Pernas
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Browsers ◽  
Static Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Navigation Program ◽  
Long Time ◽  
3D Information ◽  
High Level

In the last few years, because of the increasing growth of the Internet, general-purpose clients have achieved a high level of popularity for static consultation of text and pictures. This is the case of the World Wide Web (i.e., the Web browsers). Using a hypertext system, Web users can select and read in their computers information from all around the world, with no other requirement than an Internet connection and a navigation program. For a long time, the information available on the Internet has been series of written texts and 2D pictures (i.e., static information). This sort of information suited many publications, but it was highly unsatisfactory for others, like those related to objects of art, where real volume, and interactivity with the user, are of great importance. Here, the possibility of including 3D information in Web pages makes real sense.

scholarly journals El predominio de la agenda neoliberal en el mundo contemporáneo: hegemonía y consecuencias = The predominance of the neoliberal agenda in the contemporary world: hegemony and consequences

2017 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Carmen Pineda Nebot ◽  
Francisco Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Regulatory Model ◽  
Sobre Todo

RESUMEN: Hace treinta años la economía mundial, sobre todo en los países desarrollados, sufría, como ocurre ahora, una fuerte crisis económica. De aquella situación surgió un nuevo modelo de regulación de las economías capitalistas al que se llamó neoliberalismo. Desde entonces, con mayor o menor fuerza, ha estado presente en todos los países, aprovechando las condiciones de estos para repetir constantemente los mismos principios: la reducción del Estado, las ventajas del mercado, la autorregulación de éste, etc. Aunque sus premisas parezcan simples o sencillas el neoliberalismo es un proyecto complejo y cambiante, cuya sustentabilidad política y económica se reinventa constantemente y cuya gobernanza y espacialidad es necesario observar y  analizar si se quiere avanzar en alternativas viables. El neoliberalismo no vive apartado de proyectos alternativos sino que se mezcla con las alternativas, tiene una forma de gobernanza que muta, que cambia. Con este artículo pretendemos conocer algo más sobre las semejanzas y diferencias que esta ideología presenta según los países.ABSTRACT: Thirty years ago the world economy, especially the developed countries, suffered, as it is the case now, a severe economic crisis. That situation arose a new regulatory model of capitalist economies is called neo-liberalism. Since then, with more or less force, has been present in all countries, taking advantage of these conditions to constantly repeat the same principles: the reduction of the State, the advantages of the market and self-regulation of this, etc. Although its premises seem simple or simple neo-liberalism is a complex and changing project whose political and economic sustainability constantly reinvents itself and whose governance and spatiality is necessary to observe and analyze whether you want to advance in viable alternatives. Neo-liberalism does not live away from alternative projects but is mixed with the alternatives, has a form of governance that mutates, which changes. With this communication we seek to know something more about the similarities and differences that this ideology presents of the countries. PALABRAS CLAVE: liberalismo, keynesianismo, neoliberalismo, ultraliberalismo.KEYWORDS: liberalism, keynesianism, neoliberalism, ultraliberalism.

scholarly journals Partial Unlock Caseload Management for COVID-19 Can Save 1-2 Million Lives Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Shuler ◽  
Theodore Koukouvitis
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
The U.S

This paper analyzes the stability and usefulness of a human-in-the-loop caseload management method for COVID-19. This can control the balance between medical resource utilization and economic shutdown duration across significant scenario variation. It reduce the total cases by controlling the rate of spreading as groups cross the herd immunity threshold, and suggests late intervention has more effect on total cases than early intervention once containment has failed. Data as of April 11, 2020 show that “flattening” strategy for COVID-19 in both the world and the U.S. is working so well that a significantly effective removal of social distancing (aka “unlock”) at any time in the next few years, other than after widespread and effective vaccination, will produce a rebound overloading the healthcare system. For the world, by early April flattening was working so well that a world rebound could be projected in 2021 that would exceed in critical demand even the additional million or so ventilators requested by world governments. In the U.S., whose trajectory is somewhat ahead of the world, the projected rebound of a late year unlock is already greater than the current crisis projected peak. Most citizens are tacitly expecting much sooner rather than much later unlocks. Leaving economies locked down for a long time is its own catastrophe, especially for countries that cannot provide substantial economic aid to their citizens. An SIR-type model was used with clear parameters suitable for public information, and both tracking and predictive capabilities, and an additional simulation of a decision-maker on selected-day partial unlock designed mainly to manage ventilator or other critical resource utilization, to make sure they are neither idle nor over committed. Using certain days of the week, already practiced by some countries, is not a necessary part of the method, but was used in the simulation to give a highly quantified unlock scheme. It also helps restore economic activity. While the model shows total cumulative cases, and therefore deaths, declining initially with flattening, when flattening begins to produce large rebounds the death rate goes back up. Partial unlock to manage critical resources brings the cumulative cases down about 8-12% between now and the second half of 2021, and therefore saves lives with some degree of certainty.

scholarly journals Swap transactions as a financial tool, their recognition as international accounting standard 39 and display in financial statements

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ali Kablan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
The World ◽  
International Accounting Standard

<p>Developments in international financial markets concern both developed countries and developing countries closely. The transactions of institutions arising from of commercial activities display a more complex and more risky state in line with international economic developments. The globalization trend in the world economy, the extreme fluctuations in currencies, interests and product prices have rendered closely following up the developments in financial tools mandatory. Taking advantage of derivative financial tools which increase the revenue of assets by taking future risks into consideration, impact a decrease in debt costs and has the purpose of transferring risks are of vital importance with respect to the successful management of companies. At the present time in which international commerce, free market economy and globalization has gained in importance, one of the derivative products used in risk management and have a wide implementation area is swap transactions. Swap transactions can be expressed as a financial transaction including the exchange of interest, foreign currency or both between two or more parties. Swap transactions in particular are used for purposes such as protection against risks due to interest rates and exchange rates, ensuring low cost financing, changing the debt structure and entering different markets. In this study, the generally defined characteristics of swap transactions, which have an important standing within financial risk management and have been rapidly developing in the world in recent years and their recognition according to the International Accounting Standard 39 concerning the recognition of swap transactions, which has in particular termed the study have been focused on. In the framework of the standard, interest swap and foreign currency swap implementation study were included with respect to the matter.</p>

scholarly journals Human factor in the strategy of sustainable leadership of PJSC Gazprom

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Nina M. Baranova ◽  
Sergey N. Larin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Sustainable Leadership ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
Near Future ◽  
World Ranking

Gazproms human capital (as HDI) is one of the most important resources of the corporation, which ensures its competitive strength in the Russian and international energy market. One of the main goals of PJSC Gazprom is the formation of a highly professional, responsible and cohesive team that effectively develops projects and solves a variety of tasks not only at the corporate level, but the country and the world. Therefore, the assessment of PJSC Gazprom staff readiness for the competition of the corporation in the domestic and external markets is relevant. Modeling the level of development of the enterprises human capital, based on the example of Gazprom corporation, according to certain indicators, determining their role in the development and competitiveness of the organization. To conduct the study, the works of scientists were analyzed, official data of the annual reports on the activities of PJSC Gazprom in the field of sustainable development for 2000-2018 were used. In order to assess the readiness of the corporation's human capital to sustainable development of the enterprise, a regression analysis and an econometric study were carried out using the MS Excel and Eviews10 application software packages. As a result of the study, it was found that a positive corporate human capital has a significant impact on competitiveness and an increase in the companys value and the constructed model for assessing companys human capital, based on the example of PJSC Gazprom, enables to make a forecast for the near future. Russia has occupied 49 place in the World Ranking (HDI = 0.824) in 2019 in terms of the level of development of the human capital according to the World Bank and has got into a very high level of development. Despite this fact, Russian HDI in World Ranking occupies only 46% against 70% of developed countries. World Bank experts claims, it will take Russia about 100 years to catch up with developed countries on this indicator. Russia does not have that kind of time, so the country has actively joined on every front. Obviously, the human capital of each corporation makes a certain contribution to changing the human capital of the country in one direction or another, and the human capital of PJSC Gazprom is able to significantly increase this indicator.

scholarly journals Partial unlock caseload management for COVID-19 can save 1-2 million lives worldwide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Shuler ◽  
Theodore Koukouvitis
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis paper analyzes the stability and usefulness of a human-in-the-loop caseload management method for COVID-19. This can control the balance between medical resource utilization and economic shutdown duration across significant scenario variation. It reduce the total cases by controlling the rate of spreading as groups cross the herd immunity threshold, and suggests late intervention has more effect on total cases than early intervention once containment has failed. Data as of April 11, 2020 show that “flattening” strategy for COVID-19 in both the world and the U.S. is working so well that a significantly effective removal of social distancing (aka “unlock”) at any time in the next few years, other than after widespread and effective vaccination, will produce a rebound over-loading the healthcare system. For the world, by early April flattening was working so well that a world rebound could be projected in 2021 that would exceed in critical demand even the additional million or so ventilators re-quested by world governments. In the U.S., whose trajectory is somewhat ahead of the world, the projected re-bound of a late year unlock is already greater than the current crisis projected peak. Most citizens are tacitly expecting much sooner rather than much later unlocks. Leaving economies locked down for a long time is its own catastrophe, especially for countries that cannot provide substantial economic aid to their citizens. An SIR-type model was used with clear parameters suitable for public information, and both tracking and predictive capabilities, and an additional simulation of a decision-maker on selected-day partial unlock designed mainly to manage ventilator or other critical resource utilization, to make sure they are neither idle nor over committed. Using certain days of the week, already practiced by some countries, is not a necessary part of the method, but was used in the simulation to give a highly quantified unlock scheme. It also helps restore economic activity. While the model shows total cumulative cases, and therefore deaths, declining initially with flattening, when flattening begins to produce large rebounds the death rate goes back up. Partial unlock to manage critical resources brings the cumulative cases down about 8-12% between now and the second half of 2021, and therefore saves lives with some degree of certainty.

Cajal, Psychologist of Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Anaya-Reig ◽  
Manuela Romo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Young Investigator ◽  
Psychology Of Science ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

AbstractThis paper presents abundant empirical evidence to support the view that Santiago Ramón y Cajal was a pioneer of the emerging Psychology of Science discipline. Narrative analysis of his autobiography (Recollections of my Life) and some of his unspecialized works (Advice for a Young Investigator, The World from an Eighty-Year-Old’s Point of View, and Café Chats) revealed that the Spanish histologist’s interest in the psychology of scientists was part and parcel of a high-level, intellectual self-regulation strategy he applied on his path to success. This research led him to document various psychological conclusions about scientists in writing, so as to encourage, guide, and facilitate the work of junior researchers. Current knowledge of the Psychology of Science has confirmed many of the Nobel laureate’s observations about psychosocial aspects of scientists, scientific reasoning, and creativity.

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