Regional Differences in the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in Older People in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Menezes JM ◽  
◽  
Paes AT ◽  
Frisoli-Junior A ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Consensus Values ◽  
Aging Muscle ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition, and that is strongly associated with morbimortality outcomes. The optimal way to diagnose sarcopenia is currently a matter of debate. Despite evidence suggesting differences in body composition and physical performance of individuals from different regions, the diagnosis of sarcopenia in Brazil is still conducted using cutoff values established by international consensus. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish cutoff values for appendicular muscle mass and muscle strength in a population of elderly outpatients with cardiovascular diseases from the city of São Paulo, using this data to compare populations with sarcopenia diagnosed in Brazil with individuals diagnosed using the European consensus values. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis including 502 older individuals from the SARCOS-Brazil study. All subjects underwent densitometry to assess muscle mass and measure strength using a manual dynamometer. The cutoff values for the SARCOS-Brazil criteria were obtained from the 25th percentile of each variable. Results and Discussion: There was no difference in the prevalence of muscle weakness using the two methods (180 patients, 35.9% of the sample). However, a difference was observed concerning low muscle mass. According to the European criteria, a total of 215 older individuals (42.8%) had low muscle mass and 123 (24.5%) according to the SARCOS-Brazil criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.3% according to European criteria versus 13.7% according to the SARCOS-Brazil criteria. The kappa coefficient was 0.79. Conclusion: This study suggests that weakness and muscle mass can, in isolation, predict variables related to past vulnerability outcomes, as well as highlights the possibility of using regional cutoff values for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Keywords: Sarcopenia; Aging; Muscle mass; Muscle strength

scholarly journals Daily Leucine Intake Is Positively Associated with Lower Limb Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in the Elderly

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3536
Author(s):  
Manoel E. Lixandrão ◽  
Igor Longobardi ◽  
Alice E. Leitão ◽  
João V. M. Morais ◽  
Paul A. Swinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anabolic Resistance ◽  
Age Related

Higher daily protein intake, with an emphasis on leucine content, is thought to mitigate age-related anabolic resistance, potentially counteracting age-related morphological and functional declines. The present study investigated potential associations between total daily leucine intake and dependent variables, including quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and maximum dynamic muscle strength (1-RM) in a cohort of healthy free-living older individuals of both sexes (n = 67; 34/33 men/women). Participants performed three 24 h dietary recalls and underwent a magnetic resonance imaging exam followed by 1-RM tests. Our results demonstrate moderate associations between total daily leucine and both quadriceps CSA (r = 0.42; p = 0.004) and 1-RM (r = 0.45; p = 0.001). Furthermore, our exploratory biphasic linear regression analyses, adjusted for sex, age, and protein intake relative to body weight, revealed a plateau for daily leucine intake and muscle mass and muscle strength (~7.6–8.0 g·day−1) in older adults. In conclusion, we demonstrated that total daily leucine intake is associated with muscle mass and strength in healthy older individuals and this association remains after controlling for multiple factors, including overall protein intake. Furthermore, our breakpoint analysis revealed non-linearities and a potential threshold for habitual leucine intake, which may help guide future research on the effects of chronic leucine intake in age-related muscle loss.

scholarly journals Association between vitamin D deficiency and exercise capacity in patients with CKD, a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L Watson ◽  
Thomas J Wilkinson ◽  
Tom F O’Sullivan ◽  
Luke A Baker ◽  
Douglas W Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

AbstractEvidence is growing for a role of vitamin D in regulating skeletal muscle mass, strength and functional capacity. Given the role the kidneys play in activating total vitamin D, and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), it is possible that deficiency contributes to the low levels of physical function and muscle mass in these patients. This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis of previously published interventional study, with ex vivo follow up work. 34 CKD patients at stages G3b-5 (eGFR 25.5 ± 8.3ml/min/1.73m2; age 61 ± 12 years) were recruited, with a sub-group (n=20) also donating a muscle biopsy. Vitamin D and associated metabolites were analysed in plasma by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectroscopy and correlated to a range of physiological tests of muscle size, function, exercise capacity and body composition. The effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation on myogenesis and myotube size was investigated in primary skeletal muscle cells from vitamin D deficient donors. In vivo, there was no association between total or active vitamin D and muscle size or strength, but a significant correlation with was seen with the total form. Ex vivo, 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation reduced IL-6 mRNA expression, but had no effect upon proliferation, differentiation or myotube diameter. This early preliminary work suggests that vitamin D deficiency is not a prominent factor driving the loss of muscle mass in CKD, but may play a role in reduced exercise capacity.

Abstract P214: Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcium. A Cross-sectional Analysis of Elsa-Brasil Baseline Data

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar S Santos ◽  
Marcio S Bittencourt ◽  
Priscila T Rocco ◽  
Alexandre C Pereira ◽  
Sandhi M Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Prior mostly smaller studies of the association between symptoms of anxiety or depression and CAC have produced mixed results. Our aim was to investigate whether psychopathological symptoms and diagnoses of anxiety and depression were associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Design: Cross-sectional analysis Methods: We analyzed data from 4,279 ELSA-Brasil subjects (aged 35 to 74 years) from the São Paulo site who underwent CAC score assessment and who were without previous cardiovascular disease at baseline. Prevalent CAC was defined as a CAC score above zero. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R). We built binary logistic regression models to determine whether CIS-R scores, anxiety or depression were associated with prevalent CAC. Results: Prevalent CAC was found in 1,211 (28.3%) individuals. After adjustment for age and sex, a direct association between CIS-R scores and prevalent CAC was revealed (odds ratio [OR]:1.12; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:1.04-1.22). This association persisted after multivariate adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors (OR:1.11; 95%CI: 1.02-1.20). No independent associations were found for specific diagnoses of anxiety or depression and prevalent CAC. In post-hoc models, we found a significant interaction between age, CIS-R scores, and CAC (p=0.019), suggesting a stronger association in older individuals. Conclusions: Psychopathological symptoms were directly associated with coronary atherosclerosis in the ELSA-Brasil baseline. This association was evident after adjustment for age and sex, persisted in multivariate adjusted models, and seems to be stronger in older individuals.

scholarly journals Intracellular Water Content in Lean Mass as an Indicator of Muscle Quality in an Older Obese Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1580
Author(s):  
Mateu Serra-Prat ◽  
Isabel Lorenzo ◽  
Mònica Papiol ◽  
Elisabet Palomera ◽  
Maria Bartolomé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: In aged populations, muscle strength depends more on muscle quality than on muscle quantity, while all three are criteria for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Intracellular water content (ICW) in lean mass (LM) has been proposed as an indicator of muscle quality related to muscle strength in older people. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between the ICW/LM ratio, muscle strength and indicators of functional performance in obese older adults, and to assess the value of the ICW/LM ratio as an indicator of muscle quality. Methodology: Design: cross-sectional study. Population: persons aged 65–75 years with a body mass index of 30–39 kg/m2. ICW and LM were estimated by bioelectrical impedance. Hand grip, gait speed, unipedal stance test, timed up-and-go (TUG) test, Barthel score and frailty (Fried criteria) were assessed. Sarcopenia was established according to EWGSOP2 criteria. Results: Recruited were 305 subjects (66% women), mean age 68 years. The ICW/LM ratio correlated with the TUG test, gait speed and grip strength, and was also associated with sex, the unipedal stance test and frailty. Independently of age, sex and muscle mass, the ICW/LM ratio was related with gait speed, the TUG test and unipedal stance capacity. One person (0.3%) had sarcopenia defined as low muscle strength and low muscle mass, while 25 people (8.2%) had sarcopenia defined as low muscle strength and poor muscle quality (ICW/LM). With this last definition, sarcopenia was related to frailty, gait speed and the TUG test. Conclusions: ICW content in LM could be a useful muscle quality indicator for defining sarcopenia. However, more studies are required to confirm our findings for other populations.

Association between Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength with Physical Performance in Elderly in Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Titin Kristiana ◽  
Novira Widajanti ◽  
Rwahita Satyawati
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground: Sarcopenia is a decrease in muscle mass and strength that mostly happens in the elderly. Sarcopenia is a problem that is often found in the elderly who are at risk of disability, hospitalization and death. This data on muscle mass and strength with physical performance is expected to support the theory of sarcopenia and as a reference in promoting and preventing sarcopenia in elderly.Aims: To analyze the association between muscle mass and strength (handgrip strength) with physical performance assessed using Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in an elderly community.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational analytic study involving 203 sample of elderly (age >60 years old). The subjects were categorized as the strong and weak muscle mass and muscle strength, also the high, moderate and low physical performance. We used Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA) and hand dynamometer to measure muscle mass and muscle strength (handgrip strength). SPPB was used to assess physical performance.The association between muscle mass and strength with physical performance was displayed in bivariate analysis with chi square.Result: Of all 203 subjects, 57 were males and 146 were females. Chi square test showed association between muscle strength (handgrip strength) with physical performance (SPPB) (p=0.001), with a weak correlation (r=0.26) and no association between muscle mass and physical performance (SPPB) (p=0.517).Conclusion: There is a positive association between muscle strength with physical performance, with a weak correlation and no association between muscle mass and physical performance in the elderly community in Surabaya.

scholarly journals Relationship between lower-limb muscle strength and functional independence among elderly people according to frailty criteria: a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Sotello Batista ◽  
Grace Angélica de Oliveira Gomes ◽  
Maria José D'Elboux ◽  
Fernanda Aparecida Cintra ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Frailty Criteria

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Muscle strength and functional independence are considered to be determinants of frailty levels among elderly people. The aim here was to compare lower-limb muscle strength (LLMS) with functional independence in relation to sex, age and number of frailty criteria, and to ascertain the influence of these variables on elderly outpatients' independence.DESIGN AND SETTING: Quantitative cross-sectional study, in a tertiary hospital.METHODS: The study was conducted on 150 elderly outpatients of both sexes who were in a cognitive condition allowing oral communication, between October 2005 and October 2007. The following instruments were used: five-times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) and Lawton's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL). Descriptive, comparative, multivariate, univariate and Cronbach alpha analyses were performed.RESULTS: The mean time taken in the FTSST was 21.7 seconds; the mean score for FIM was 82.2 and for IADL was 21.2; 44.7% of the subjects presented 1-2 frailty criteria and 55.3% > 3 criteria. There was a significant association between LLMS and functional independence in relation to the number of frailty criteria, without homogeneity regarding sex and age. Functional independence showed significant influence from sex and LLMS.CONCLUSION: Elderly individuals with 1 or 2 frailty criteria presented greater independence in all FTSST scores. The subjects with higher LLMS presented better functional independence.

Dietary vitamin D intake and muscle mass in older women. Results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIDOS study

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Dupuy ◽  
V. Lauwers-Cances ◽  
G. Abellan Van Kan ◽  
S. Gillette ◽  
A. -M. Schott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D
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