scholarly journals Metal Ammonium Phosphates Ion Exchangers for the Remediation of Low-Level Nuclear Wastes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Holdsworth ◽  
Harry Eccles ◽  
Gary Bond
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Metal Phosphates ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Liquid Wastes ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Related Compounds

The nuclear industry generates large volumes of liquid wastes during decommissioning and decontamination activities which require extensive clean-up for recycle and/or disposal. The disposal of spent ion exchange materials used to clean these decontamination liquors is challenging and costly for the nuclear industry due to problematic end-of-life handling and low capacities of these materials for most radionuclides. Certain mixed-metal phosphates could be advantageous in this role due to their inherent vitrification properties and potentially high capacities for cationic and/or anionic radionuclides. Similar ammonium-based ion exchangers like the caesium-selective ammonium phosphomolybdate (AMP) are well known in the nuclear industry, but outside of this, such materials remain largely unexplored for this purpose. In this publication, we assess several metal ammonium phosphates (MAPs) and related compounds prepared using a continuous flow technique for their ability to act as ion exchangers for the remediation of surrogate radionuclides from a model decontamination solution, and discuss their possible implementation for the cleanup of low-level nuclear wastes.

scholarly journals Metal Ammonium Phosphates Ion Exchangers for the Remediation of Low-Level Nuclear Wastes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Holdsworth ◽  
Harry Eccles ◽  
Gary Bond
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Metal Phosphates ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Liquid Wastes ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Related Compounds

The nuclear industry generates large volumes of liquid wastes during decommissioning and decontamination activities which require extensive clean-up for recycle and/or disposal. The disposal of spent ion exchange materials used to clean these decontamination liquors is challenging and costly for the nuclear industry due to problematic end-of-life handling and low capacities of these materials for most radionuclides. Certain mixed-metal phosphates could be advantageous in this role due to their inherent vitrification properties and potentially high capacities for cationic and/or anionic radionuclides. Similar ammonium-based ion exchangers like the caesium-selective ammonium phosphomolybdate (AMP) are well known in the nuclear industry, but outside of this, such materials remain largely unexplored for this purpose. In this publication, we assess several metal ammonium phosphates (MAPs) and related compounds prepared using a continuous flow technique for their ability to act as ion exchangers for the remediation of surrogate radionuclides from a model decontamination solution, and discuss their possible implementation for the cleanup of low-level nuclear wastes.

scholarly journals Continuous dimethyldioxirane generation for polymer epoxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
Grace P. Ahlqvist ◽  
Eileen G. Burke ◽  
Jeremiah A. Johnson ◽  
Timothy F. Jamison
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Flow Generation

Herein we describe the development of a reactor for the continuous flow generation and use of dimethyldioxirane (DMDO) and its application to the low-level epoxidation of unsaturated polymers.

Size-Distribution of Irradiation-Induced Dislocation-Loops in Materials Used in the Nuclear Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 152945
Author(s):  
Tamás Ungár ◽  
Philipp Frankel ◽  
Gábor Ribárik ◽  
Christopher P. Race ◽  
Michael Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Induced Dislocation

THEORY AND PRACTICE IN THE STUDY OF THE TIME PERSPECTIVE OF PERSONALITY: THE ABILITY TO ACT "IN THE MIND" OF YA.A. PONOMAREV

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-129
Author(s):  
Nina A. Pasternak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Mind

The study was conducted as an empirical test of the model of mental development proposed by Ya.A. Ponomarev, who showed that the ability to act “in the mind” is one of the most important indicators of the overall development of the human psyche. Within the framework of these ideas, a comparative analysis of the features of time planning by first-year students of one of the Moscow universities of low (10 people) and high (10 people) levels of development of the ability to act “in the mind” through expert assessments of teachers of this university (40 people) protocols of students’ responses is carried out. As a result of the expert assessment, it was shown that with a low level of development of the ability to act “in the mind”, it is more difficult to systematically achieve the set life goals, plan your future based on a logical calculation. The study raises the question of the possible connection between “theory and practice” when taking into account the personal characteristics associated with a certain stage of the development of the ability to act “in the mind”, raises the question of the desirability of psychological support for a teenager when, due to the low level of development of this ability, planning for the future is difficult. It is postulated that if a practical psychologist provides such support in adolescence, practical psychology will be able to really influence the life path of a growing personality.

Fundamental Study for the Development of Cs Removal Technique from Low Level Radioactive Liquid Wastes of Decontamination Processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Sano ◽  
Kiyoharu Nakagawa ◽  
Hirokazu Oda ◽  
Hajime Obata ◽  
Shinji Kitani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Liquid Wastes ◽  
Removal Technique

Delivering Step Change Improvements to UK Low Level Waste Strategy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Dean ◽  
David Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Step Change ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Waste Hierarchy ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Nuclear Decommissioning ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Near Future

The UK Nuclear Industry continues to produce significant quantities of Low Level Waste (LLW) as decommissioning projects generating waste become more prevalent. Current infrastructure and projected increasing waste volumes will deliver a volumetric shortfall of storage capacity in the near future. Recently established as a stand alone site licence company, the Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) near Drigg, in West Cumbria (formerly operated and owned by British Nuclear Group) is tasked with managing the safe treatment and disposal of LLW in the UK, on behalf of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). The problem is complex involving many stakeholders with potentially different priorities. Previously, most nuclear waste generators operated independently with limited integration with other similar organisations. However, the current financial, programme and technical pressures require collaborative working to facilitate a step-change improvement in LLW management. Achieving this quickly is as much of a challenge as delivering robust cost effective technical solutions. NDA is working in partnership with LLWR to develop a LLW Strategy for the Nuclear Industry and has in parallel commissioned a number of studies by the National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL), looking at opportunities to share best practice. A National Strategy Group has been established to develop a working partnership between the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority, LLW Repository Ltd, Regulators, Stakeholders and LLW Consignors, promoting innovation, value for money, and robust implementation of the waste hierarchy (avoid-reduce-re-use-recycle). Additionally the LLWR supported by the NNL have undertaken a comprehensive strategic review of the UK’s LLW management activities. Initial collaborative work has provided for the first time a detailed picture of the existing strategic baseline and identified significant national benefits from improving the way LLW is forecasted, characterised, segregated, and treated in line with the waste hierarchy. Implementation of volume reduction technologies, such as incineration and metal treatment, is critical to mitigate the LLWR capacity gap and reduce NDA’s liabilities. The cumulative effect of these solutions has the potential to reduce lifetime costs by several £billion and extend the life of the existing LLWR site to 2070 and possibly beyond. This work has informed the NDA’s UK Nuclear Industry LLW Strategy, published for consultation in June 2009 and the Draft UK LLW Management Plan which sets out how the strategy will be implemented. Technical and infrastructure solutions have been found to exist via the supply chain supporting deliver of the necessary step changes in the near future. Work continues to reduce the LLW inventory forecast uncertainties and evaluate strategic implementation options in more detail, e.g. benefits of national vs. local treatment and disposal solutions, plus on gaining the corresponding stakeholder acceptance and operational authorisations.

Strategic Environmental Assessment for UK LLW Management

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Craze ◽  
Pete Davis ◽  
Matthew Clark
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Metal Recycling ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Implementation Of The Strategy

NDA is delivering a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) to underpin the UK Nuclear Industry Low Level Waste Strategy. The purpose of this assessment is embed sustainability issues into our decision making and to fulfil our requirements under the European Union’s Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive (2004/42/EU) and transposing UK Regulations, and to underpin the development of the strategy. The outputs of the SEA have provided input into particular aspects of the strategy, leading to a more robust and better informed result. Development of options to be assessed under the SEA has looked at a number of factors, including: • what the strategy is aiming to achieve; • expectation from stakeholders as to what should be addressed; • consideration of tactical approaches to implementation of the strategy in addition to high level strategic issues; • links to other projects and programmes (for example the Environmental Safety Case for the Low Level Waste Repository. The SEA aims to provide a robust assessment of the environmental and sustainability impacts of alternative strategies for providing continued capability and capacity for the management and disposal of LLW in the UK. The assessment also considers other, more tactical, issues around implementation of the strategy, for example: issues around the location of LLW management facilities; the environmental impacts of alternative waste treatment options (metal recycling etc); considerations of alternative approaches to the classification of radioactive waste and opportunities that would result. Critical to the development of the SEA has been the involvement of statutory and non-statutory stakeholders, who have informed both the output and the approach taken.

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