ECOLOGICAL EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER FORMED IN THE OIL-PRODUCING INDUSTRY BY COAGULATION METHOD

Research work has been carried out on deep purification of water samples taken from industrial wastewater formed in the oil-producing industry containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic (oil-in-water and water-in-oil) emulsions from oil and organic suspended substances. Using the coagulation method developed by us, industrial wastewater samples were purified up to 100% from oil and suspended substances under optimal conditions. It has been substantiated that this method is of great economic and environmental importance. The applied coagulant and extractant meet the requirements of environmental safety

Improvement of the technological treatment scheme of iron-containing wastewater from etching operations

The aim of the research is to improve the technological scheme of treatment of iron-containing wastewater from etching operations by creating combined systems, including reagent wastewater treatment, their mutual neutralization, regeneration of etching solutions, deep post-treatment using a magnetic device. The main volume of wastewater is treated in centralized systems with partial return of water to the production process. Spent solutions from etching operations are subject to regeneration with return to the production process and partial dosing into the main wastewater stream from flushing operations. The consumption of commercial HCl is reduced by 50%. The use of hydrogen peroxide can increase the effect of extracting iron from etching solutions by 30% (total purification effect of 70%). Given that deep purification from iron-containing impurities is provided using a magnetic device, the possibilities of practical implementation of reverse osmosis to obtain "pure" water in centralized systems, which can be used for preparation of process solutions and in a mixture with technical water - for flushing operations, increase. In experimental and industrial conditions the expenses of reagents, their concentrations, dosing time are established

Adsorptive Behavior of Prepared Metal-Organic Framework Composites on Phosphates in Aqueous Solutions

As an efficient water treatment method for treating dilute solution systems, electrosorption is promising for the separation and recovery of organic compounds, wastewater treatment, and deep purification of water. Here, two types of UiO-66 samples were prepared using the solvothermal synthesis method, and the effects of different regulators on the microstructure of materials were compared using the various characterization methods. The electrochemical properties of the activated carbon and two types of materials were tested by cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy, and the desalination effect of the materials on phosphate was investigated. The UiO-66 material with uniform-size particles, smaller-size particles, and more surface adsorption sites exhibited better phosphate removal and adsorption capacity. It was found that the desalination process of the UiO-66 material is reversible, and the adsorbent material can be reused, which is advantageous for engineering applications.

INEXPENSIVE RESOURCES OF MYANMAR AS A SOURCE OF CARBON ADSORBENTS

The plant-based large-tonnage waste of numerous industries in Myanmar, in most of them, is not effectively used. The data of scientific and technical information indicate that on the basis of similar and similar in nature wastes, rather expensive products can be obtained in the form of carbon adsorbents of relatively high quality, intended mainly for solving the problems of deep purification of industrial effluents and emissions. No publications available on the feasibility and effectiveness of such a disposal of the named Myanmar wastes were found. The paper describes the results of experimental research by the authors, focused on solving this important problem of the national economy of the country.

Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water

In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal was to hygienically assess efficiency of pre-ammonization applied in water treatment procedures in order to prevent occurrence of carcinogenic organic chlorine compounds during chlorination and to minimize carcinogenic risks. We determined trihalomethanes and residual chlorine contents in model samples of natural water taken from a surface water source after chlorination with different doses of chlorine. We examined 52 pair parallel samples that had undergone pre-ammonization with ammonia sulfate and control ones. Trihalomethanes concentrations were determined in model water samples with gas-liquid chromatography. Basing on the results obtained via experiments on laboratory chlorination of river water, we determined quantitative characteristics and built regression models showing dependence between concentrations of organic chlorine compounds occurring due to chlorination (chloroform, dichlorobrommethane, dibromchloromethane) and chlorine doses and preammonization parameters. It was established that pre-ammonization was the most efficient in terms of preventing trihalomethanes occurrence under such disinfection modes when contents of residual active chlorine didn’t exceed recommended levels (0.8–1.2 mg/L). Basic ways to minimize carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes are systemic control over their contents in drinking water during social and hygienic monitoring procedures; preliminary ammonization of water taken from surface water sources; prevention of unjustified hyper-chlorination; preliminary deep purification of initial water; disinfection with ultrasound radiation instead of preliminary chlorination; etc.

Assessing efficiency of pre-ammonization aimed at reducing carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes in drinking water

In most Russian regions there is still a pressing issue related to providing population with high quality and safe drinking water. Up to now, chlorination has been the primary technique applied to disinfect drinking water as it is highly efficient, reliable, and relatively cheap. However, when chlorine is used to disinfect natural water that contains organic pollutants, it results in risks of by-products occurrence. These products are trihalomethanes, epigenetic carcinogenesis promoters that cause elevated carcinogenic risks under oral, inhalation, and subcutaneous exposure. Our research goal was to hygienically assess efficiency of pre-ammonization applied in water treatment procedures in order to prevent occurrence of carcinogenic organic chlorine compounds during chlorination and to minimize carcinogenic risks. We determined trihalomethanes and residual chlorine contents in model samples of natural water taken from a surface water source after chlorination with different doses of chlorine. We examined 52 pair parallel samples that had undergone pre-ammonization with ammonia sulfate and control ones. Trihalomethanes concentrations were determined in model water samples with gas-liquid chromatography. Basing on the results obtained via experiments on laboratory chlorination of river water, we determined quantitative characteristics and built regression models showing dependence between concentrations of organic chlorine compounds occurring due to chlorination (chloroform, dichlorobrommethane, dibromchloromethane) and chlorine doses and preammonization parameters. It was established that pre-ammonization was the most efficient in terms of preventing trihalomethanes occurrence under such disinfection modes when contents of residual active chlorine didn’t exceed recommended levels (0.8–1.2 mg/L). Basic ways to minimize carcinogenic risks caused by trihalomethanes are systemic control over their contents in drinking water during social and hygienic monitoring procedures; preliminary ammonization of water taken from surface water sources; prevention of unjustified hyper-chlorination; preliminary deep purification of initial water; disinfection with ultrasound radiation instead of preliminary chlorination; etc.