scholarly journals Communication of subcutaneous, visceral, periaortic, epicardial fat and metabolic parameters with arterial stiffness in young people with abdominal obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
E A Zheleznova ◽  
Yu V Zhernakova ◽  
I E Chazova ◽  
A N Rogoza ◽  
A R Zairova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Epicardial Fat ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Wall Stiffness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Periaortic Fat

Obesity plays a key role in the epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Most studies confirm the association of increased arterial stiffness with obesity. However, the interrelation of various fat depots with one of the main indicators of vascular wall stiffness - the cardiovascular vascular index (CAVI) is currently not clear. The purpose of this study is to assess arterial stiffness in people with abdominal obesity without metabolic syndrome (MS) and with MS, the connection of fat depots (visceral, subcutaneous, perivascular, epicardial fat) with the stiffness parameter CAVI. Materials and methods. 68 people with abdominal obesity (AO) at the age of 18-45 years. The study included height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and biochemical blood tests (fast glucose and glucose tolerance, uric acid, creatinine, GFR - MDRD, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA-IR). 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, computed tomography (Aquilion One Vision Edition, Toshiba, Japan) with the definition of subcutaneous, visceral, perivascular, epicardial fat, and also calculated the ratio subcutaneous to visceral fat. It was determined CAVI on the VaSera 1000 unit (Fukuda Denshi, Japan) to assess arterial stiffness. Abdominal obesity was derteming by cut off waist circumference >80 cm for women and >94 cm for men. As a result, we were formed 2 groups: persons with abdominal obesity and the presence of no more than one additional risk factor (metabolically healthy) - group 1, persons with MS (abdominal obesity in combination with 2 and more extra risk factors) - group 2, the control group consisted of healthy individuals (n=15) without obesity - group 0. Results. There was no statistically significant difference between CAVI groups. Correlations of CAVI with age r=0.340 (p=0.005), with daytime mean systolic blood pressure - SBPm average (r=0.280, p=0.021) and with mean diastolic blood pressure - DBPm average (r=0.329, p=0.006), with night SBPm average (r=0.233, p=0.014) and with DBPm average (r=0.297, p=0.014), with the volume of periaortic fat (r=0.218, p=0.074) were found. An inverse correlation was found between CAVI and BMI (r=-0.279, p=0.021), with subcutaneous fat depot (r=-0.285, p=0.019) and with the ratio of subcutaneous to visceral fat (r=-0.303, p=0.012). According to the multivariate regression analysis, the most significant impact on CAVI is exerted by age, daytime SBPm, BMI, and the volume of periaortic fat

scholarly journals Impact of metabolic syndrome parameters and different fat depots on arterial stiffness in patients with abdominal obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Marina V. Andreevskaia ◽  
Ekaterina A. Zheleznova ◽  
Juliya V. Zhernakova ◽  
Irina E. Chazova ◽  
Merab A. Shariia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Overweight is closely associated with development of cardiovascular disorders. Currently, the terms metabolically healthy abdominal obesity (MHAO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity, i.e., metabolic syndrome (MS) are stated. Comparison target organs status and their link with fat depots in persons of these categories is of important scientific and practical interest. Aim. To assess arterial stiffness in young people with abdominal obesity with / without MS by various methods as well as its link with various fat stores and other metabolic factors. Materials and methods. 116 people, 18- to 45-year-old, with abdominal obesity were divided into two groups: MHAO (n=46), aged 40 [34; 43] years and MS (n=70), aged 40 [35; 44] years. The control group (CG) included 16 conditionally healthy volunteers without obesity, aged 32 [27; 35] years (p0.01). All subjects were assessed for height, body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference. Lipid profile, glucose, 2-hour glucose tolerance test, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, HOMA-IR were determined. 24-hour blood pressure monitoring was performed. Subcutaneous, visceral, perivascular, epicardial fat volumes and, the ratio of subcutaneous fat to visceral fat were determined by computed tomography. Arterial stiffness was determined according to CAVI (Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity baPWV (VaSera 1000), aortic pulse wave velocity aoPWV (EnVisor ultrasound system). Results. aoPWV were significantly different between groups (p0.01). In persons with MS: 6.61.1 m/s, in MHAO and CG groups: 4.30.9 m/s and 5.51.0 m/s, respectively. Significant differences in baPWV were found only in MS group 13.88.2 m/s (p0.01) compared with CG and MHAO groups: 10.981.2 and 12.33.8 m/s, respectively. The CAVI index did not differ significantly between groups. There were reliable relationships between aoPWV and baPWV and almost all MS factors. The highest correlation coefficient was between aoPWV and visceral (r=0.55; p0.01) and epicardial (r=0.45; p0.01) fats. A close relationship between aoPWV and HOMA IR was revealed (r=0.42; p0.01). Correlation analysis showed a higher quality relationship between aoPWV and MS markers, insulin resistance, and fat depots compared to baPWV. According to multivariate regression analysis, the main contribution to the formation aoPWV is made by body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and epicardial fat. Conclusion. The most sensitive to metabolic factors and the volume of fat depots was aoPWV indicator. Significant differences on some metabolic risk factors and aoPWV between the control group and MHAO raises doubts about the correctness of the term metabolically healthy obesity.

scholarly journals Arterial stiffness as a factor of structural and functional cardiac remodeling in obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 3756
Author(s):  
M. A. Druzhilov ◽  
T. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Lv Diastolic Dysfunction

Aim. To analyze the association of parameters characterizing the degree of arterial stiffness and echocardiographic criteria for cardiac remodeling in patients with abdominal obesity.Material and methods. The study included 194 patients (men aged 46 to 55 years (49,0±2,3 years)), without hypertension (24-hour average blood pressure (BP) 117,5±5,5/73,0±4,1 mmHg), diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, with abdominal obesity (waist circumference >94 cm, body mass index 31,3±3,5 kg/m2). Lipids and glucose concentrations were evaluated, and glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the CKD-EPI equation. We conducted 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure and arterial stiffness parameters (aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx) and systolic BP in the aorta), and echocardiography.Results. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy was detected in 14 (7,2%) patients, LV diastolic dysfunction — in 36 (18,6%) patients. The correlation of the average aortic PWV and the AIx with the LV mass index and the left atrial volume was shown. Patients with a high aortic PWV exceeding the 75th percentile of distribution (8,2 m/s) were characterized by a higher incidence of hypertrophy (18,8% vs 4,9%,p<0,01) and LV diastolic dysfunction (50,0% vs 12,3%, p<0,001). Patients with/with-out LV hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction were characterized by higher values of average 24-hour aortic PWV, AIx and systolic BP in the aorta. According to the regression analysis, the predictors of LV diastolic dysfunction were age, waist circumference, aortic PWV, and AIx.Conclusion. The relationship of parameters characterizing the degree of arterial stiffness, primarily, aortic PWV and echocardiographic parameters of the structural and functional cardiac remodeling in obese patients was revealed. Patients with a high aortic PWV (>8,2 m/s for men aged 46-55 years) are characterized by a higher prevalence of LV hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, as well as left atrial dilatation. This association is probably a reflection of one of the many pathogenesis links of HF and supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias in obese patients.

scholarly journals Association of arterial wall stiffness with cardiovascular risk factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Ivanenko ◽  
O. P. Rotar ◽  
A. Konradi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Central Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Wall Stiffness

Objective. To assess relation between central blood pressure and arterial stiffness with cardiovascular risk factors. Design and methods. 116 subjects considering themselves healthy were examined. 63 showed blood pressure elevation. Anthropometry was performed and fasting blood specimens were obtained from all patients. Plasma glucose and lipids levels were measured. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI) were measured by Sphygmocor Px device (Australia). Results. Parameters of arterial stiffness were strongly associated with hypertension, increased waist circumference, age, cholesterol level, and metaboloc syndrome. Females had higher AI as compared to males. Conclusion. Central blood pressure and arterial stiffness are determined not only by age and peripheral blood pressure but by cholesterol level and anthropometric parameters as well.

scholarly journals Effect of Daily Avocado Consumption on Vascular Health in Adults With Abdominal Obesity: A Sub-Study of the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial, a Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Kristin Davis ◽  
Kristina Petersen ◽  
Penny Kris-Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Habitual Diet

Abstract Objectives To examine the effect of providing 1 avocado per day for consumption over a 6-month period on cardiovascular health compared to habitual dietary intake in individuals with abdominal obesity. Methods The Habitual diet and Avocado Trial (HAT), a multicenter parallel randomized controlled trial, included participants ≥25 years of age with an elevated waist circumference (≥88 cm women; ≥102 cm men). Participants were randomized to either an experimental group (AVO: consumed 1 avocado/day for 6 months) or a control group (HD: consumed &lt; 2 avocados/month for 6 months). At the Pennsylvania State University, University Park (n = 126), vascular health was measured using a SphygmoCor XCEL (AtCor Medical) at baseline and at the end of the study period. Outcomes include central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness. Mixed models were used to examine between-group differences in change across 6 months. Results The sample was 77% female (BMI 34 ± 4 kg/m2, waist circumference 105 ± 12 cm). No significant between-group differences in 6-month change were observed for cSBP (AVO: 1.06 mmHg 95% CI − 1.57, 3.69; HD: 0.35 mmHg 95% CI −2.26, 2.96; P = 0.62), cDBP (AVO: 0.07 mmHg 95% CI −1.82, 1.96; HD: −0.91 mmHg 95% CI − 2.79, 0.97; P = 0.34), or PWV (AVO: −0.18 m/s 95% CI −0.53, 0.17; HD: 0.08 m/s 95% CI −0.27, 0.43; P = 0.17). Conclusions Results suggest that providing adults with abdominal obesity 1 avocado per day to consume for 6 months is not associated with a statistically significant improvement in central blood pressure or PWV, compared to adults following their habitual diet. Additional research using larger samples and longer intervention periods is needed to clarify whether habitual avocado consumption yields clinically significant benefits to cardiovascular health. Funding Sources Hass Avocado Board and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (1UL1TR002014-01).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Factors in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrnoosh Zakerkish ◽  
Abolghasem Assarzadeh ◽  
Seyed Saeed Seyedian ◽  
Alireza Jahanshahi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) referring to the gastrointestinal and endocrinology clinics of Golestan and Imam Khomeini Hospitals, Ahvaz. Methods: The current cross-sectional study was performed on patients with NAFLD referring to the gastroenterology and endocrinology clinics of Golestan and Emam Khomeini hospitals, Ahvaz in the second half of 2020. Demographic information included age, gender, lumbar posture (while standing and the waist be in the upper edge of the iliac crest at the end of a normal exhalation using a non-elastic meter), grading fatty liver evidenced by ultrasound, and blood pressure and laboratory parameters, including triglyceride (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was recorded in the checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software. Results: This study was performed on 130 patients with an average age of 46.22 ± 14.27 years. Patients comprised 42 men (32.8%) and 88 women (67.2/%). Also, 63.84% of the patients with NAFLD had metabolic syndrome, and 56.2, 69.6, and 81.8% with grades 1, 2, and 3 of fatty liver, respectively had metabolic syndrome. There was a significant difference in terms of mean height and weight in both gender. There was a significant relationship between age and FBS, so that the levels of FBS increased statistically significantly with age (P < 0.05). Gender had a statistically significant relationship with HDL and waist circumference (P = 0.038). There was no statistically significant relationship between blood pressure, TG, HDL, FBS, and waist circumference, and different grades of fatty liver (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The current study showed a significant number of patients with NAFLD had metabolic syndrome, so that the most common symptom of metabolic syndrome was low HDL levels, followed by high FBS levels, blood pressure, and TG levels and waist circumference size. Nevertheless, it was not probable to assess whether NAFLD precedes the progress of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Features of arterial hypertension in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity: The role of inflammatory response markers, leptin, and female sex hormones in the pathogenesis of vascular wall stiffness

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Avdeeva ◽  
T. I. Petelina ◽  
L. I. Gapon ◽  
N. A. Musikhina ◽  
E. V. Zueva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Wall Stiffness ◽  
Group 2

Background. Despite overall efforts, arterial hypertension remains one of the most significant medical and social problems. The risk of developing arterial hypertension is tripled in obese individuals compared with people who have normal body weight. According to clinical studies, individual biochemical markers can be predictors of initiation of remodeling processes in systems at a preclinical level. Endothelial dysfunction is the initial stage in the development of atherosclerosis. Mechanisms of the vascular inflammatory response in arterial hypertension with obesity can be considered a factor that largely determines the onset and course of the disease, a cause of its aggravation, development, and progression. Cardiovascular risk factors, genetic predisposition, deficit of sex hormones, and aging affect the endothelium function.Aim. To study specifics of hypertension in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity and to evaluate the role of inflammatory response markers, leptin, and female sex hormones in the pathogenesis of vascular wall stiffness.Material and Methods. The study included 164 patients divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 42 healthy women aged 44.43 ± 14.26 years; group 2 comprised 62 hypertensive women aged 60.69 ± 7.09 years; group 3 comprised 60 hypertensive women with abdominal obesity aged 57.24 ± 7.40 years. Patients of all groups received 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, sphygmography, and assessment of sex hormones, lipids, inflammatory, and biochemical parameters in blood serum.Results. Results of analysis showed that patients of group 3 had significantly higher blood pressure compared with that in group 2. Higher pulse wave velocity was observed in women of group 2. Groups 2 and 3 had lower levels of sex hormones and significant increases in the levels of inflammatory markers compared with those in control group. Multiple multidirectional correlations between the studied parameters were revealed.Conclusions. Features of hypertension in postmenopausal women with obesity consist in a systolic-diastolic variant of hypertension, an increase in systolic blood pressure variability at night, an increase in diastolic blood pressure during the daytime, and increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at night. The method of logistic regression allowed to identify biochemical markers that determine the elastic properties of the vascular wall in this category of patients, namely: leptin, highsensitivity C-reactive protein, and endothelin-1. 

P5466Exaggerated exercise blood pressure response is accompanied by increased sympathetic activity and arterial stiffness in subjects with high normal blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kalos ◽  
C Tsioufis ◽  
K Dimitriadis ◽  
N Vogiatzakis ◽  
A Kasiakogias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffening

Abstract Background/Introduction The clinical importance of a hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) in subjects with high normal blood pressure (BP) is not fully elucidated, while sympathetic overactivity and arterial stiffening are linked with adverse cardiovascular prognosis. Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the relation of HRE with sympathetic drive as assessed by muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and arterial stiffness in subjects with high normal BP. Methods 42 subjects with high normal office BP [defined as office systolic BP=130–139 mmHg and office diastolic BP=85–89 mmHg (age: 53±9 years, 29 males, office BP: 134/84 mmHg, 24-hour BP: 114/72 mmHg)] with a negative treadmill exercise test (Bruce protocol) were divided into those with HRE (n=12) (peak exercise systolic BP ≥210mmHg in men and ≥190 mmHg in women) and those without HRE (n=30). Arterial stiffness was evaluated on the basis of carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) values. In all participants sympathetic drive was assessed by MSNA estimations based on established methodology (microneurography). Results Subjects with a HRE compared to those without exhibited higher waist circumference (108.2±5.3 vs 94.7±9.2 cm, p=0.001) and were characterized by greater levels of carotid to femoral PWV (8.5±0.8 vs 7.0±0.9 m/sec, p<0.001) and sympathetic nerve traffic as reflected by MSNA levels (41.1±1.5 vs 32.1±1.9 bursts per 100 heart beats, p<0.001), while did not differ regarding metabolic profile and left ventricular mass index (p=NS). In the total population, peak exercise systolic BP was related to 24-h systolic BP (r=0.229, p<0.05), PWV (r=0.218, p=0.002), and MSNA (r=0.214, p<0.05). Moreover, MSNA was related to waist circumference (r=0.33, p=0.004) and office systolic BP levels (r=0.31, p<0.05) but there was no association with PWV values (p=NS). Conclusion In subjects with high normal BP, a HRE identifies a state of arterial stiffening and sympathetic overdrive, as reflected by increased PWV and MSNA levels respectively. These finding suggest that exercise testing provides additional clinical information regarding the vascular status and modulation of sympathetic tone in this setting.

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