scholarly journals The Relationship Between Students' Computer Competency and Perception of Enjoyment and Difficulty Level in Web-based Distance Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Yunfei Du
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
State University ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Computer Competency ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discussed the concept of computer competency and investigated the relationship between students' computer competency and their perception of enjoyment and d ifficulty level of web-based distance-learning courses. Participants were 237 entering graduate students in library and information science from a mid-southwestern state university in the United States from year 2001 to 2003. Computer competency was estimated by students' self-report of their prior knowledge of information technology skills in a survey called Computer Skill and Use Assessment. Statistical significance was found betweenthe correlation of computer competency and students' perception of  enjoyment level (p=.011) and difficulty level (p=.001).

scholarly journals Let Others Buy First: Identity Fusion Buffers the Effect of COVID-19 Phobia on Panic Buying Behavior From an Economic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Tai Seih ◽  
Vi Thanh Tra ◽  
Marketa Lepicovsky ◽  
Yi-Ying Chang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Fusion Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Report Measure

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused hundreds of millions of cases and millions of deaths, resulting in the development of COVID-19 phobia. To prevent getting COVID-19, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in many countries encourage people to protect themselves via several strategies, such as wearing face masks or using sanitizers when washing hands. However, at times, such supplies for preventing COVID-19 are limited. In this study, we examine the relationship between COVID-19 phobia and panic buying behavior from an economic perspective and test if identity fusion plays a buffering role for this phenomenon. Data was collected from September 4th to November 1st in 2020 across three countries (the United States, Germany, and Taiwan). A self-report measure of panic buying behavior was developed and culturally cross-validated. Moderation analyses were conducted focusing on the study objectives. Results show that the economic factor in COVID-19 phobia predicts panic buying behavior, and this effect is buffered by identity fusion. It is worthy to note that this buffering effect emerged only in the Taiwanese sample, not in the American or German samples. Implications of identity fusion theory in human behavior are discussed.

scholarly journals Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Sooyeong Kim ◽  
YoungRan Kweon
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

This study examined the mediating effect of psychological capital in the relationship between job stress and burnout of psychiatric nurses. The participants were 108 psychiatric nurses working in three psychiatric hospitals located in South Korea. Data were collected from 10 August to 15 September 2018 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression by IBM SPSS 24.0 program. In addition, a bootstrapping test using the SPSS PROCESS macro was conducted to test the statistical significance of the mediating effect. There was significant correlation between job stress, psychological capital, and burnout. Psychological capital showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between job stress and burnout. Job stress explained 29.7% of the variance in burnout, and the model including job stress and psychological capital explained 49.6% of the variance in burnout. The bootstrapping showed that psychological capital was a significant sub-parameter and decreased job stress and burnout (LLCI = −0.1442, ULCI = −0.3548). These findings suggest that psychiatric nurses’ burnout can be reduced by implementing various health care programs designed to increase psychological capital.

scholarly journals Student Cheating And Alternative Web-Based Assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Styron ◽  
Ronald A. Styron
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Alternative Assessments ◽  
Student Cheating ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Proactive Measures

As distance education continues to expand within the United States so does the amount of faculty concern in regard to student cheating. The purpose of this paper was to explore the concept of eCheating in web-based course environments and review the need for and the types of alternative assessments found in these environments. This paper will also include potential proactive measures that professors may employ to be better prepared for instances of eCheating. Furthermore, assessment measures and distance learning theories will be analyzed to determine successful electronic assessments and instructional design components required for effective web-based courses.

scholarly journals Vision Impairment and Participation in Cognitively Stimulating Activities: The Health ABC Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varshini Varadaraj ◽  
Beatriz Munoz ◽  
Eleanor M Simonsick ◽  
Bonnielin K Swenor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stereo Acuity

Abstract Background Engagement in cognitively stimulating activities is associated with decreased rates of cognitive decline in older adults. However, most cognitively stimulating tasks require good vision, potentially affecting the ability of visually impaired adults to engage in these activities. We examined the relationship between vision and participation in cognitively stimulating activities. Method Data from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (1999–2005) were analyzed. Associations between visual function (visual acuity [VA], contrast sensitivity [CS], and stereo acuity [SA] impairments) and annual rates of change in number of cognitively stimulating activities (by self-report) performed at least once a month were examined. Results Analyses included 924 participants aged 75.2 ± 2.8 years. At baseline, impaired CS (27%) and SA (29%) were associated with participation in fewer cognitive activities (β = −0.33, 95% CI = −0.63, −0.03 and β = −0.32, 95% CI = −0.61, −0.03, respectively), while VA (8%) was not (β = −0.34, 95% CI = −0.81, 0.13). In longitudinal models, groups with and without VA, CS, and SA impairments exhibited declines in monthly cognitive activities over time. Annual rates of decline were relatively higher in the VA (β = −0.16, 95% CI = −0.26, −0.05) and CS (β = −0.14, 95% CI = −0.19, −0.09) impaired groups than observed in the respective unimpaired groups (no VA: β = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.15, −0.10; no CS: β = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.15, −0.09), but did not achieve statistical significance. Stereo acuity (β = −0.13, 95% CI = −0.17, −0.09) and no SA (β = −0.13, 95% CI = −0.16, −0.10) groups had similar rates of decline. Conclusions Visually impaired older adults participate in fewer cognitive activities and although participation decline is similar to the non-impaired, lower overall participation indicates a need to identify cognitively stimulating activities accessible to visually impaired older adults.

scholarly journals S138. A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ILLNESS INSIGHT MEASURED BY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ERN PATTERNS AND MMPI RESULTS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S88-S88
Author(s):  
Min-Hyeon Park ◽  
Seung-Yup Lee ◽  
Kyu-In Jung ◽  
Eunhye Choi ◽  
Yerin Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Validity Scales ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The error-related negativity (ERN) is an event-related brain potential waveform peaking about 50 ms after error commission in choice-response tasks and may indicate a conflict between neural representations of correct and incorrect responses as stimulus processing continues after an error. Most previous studies consistently reported a reduced event-related potential (ERP) amplitude in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal controls. Some self-report measures derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) are known to be associated with clinical observations in carefully diagnosed schizophrenia patients. In the MMPI, an elevation of the validity scales in the MMPI best distinguishes patients with schizophrenia from patients feigning schizophrenia, and the MMPI validity scales are known to provide a good reflection of illness insight in schizophrenia. Both the amplitudes of the Pe of the ERN and the scores of the MMPI validity scales are supposed to reflect, directly or indirectly, the illness insight of patients with schizophrenia. When the abovementioned results obtained in studies on the ERN or MMPI in patients with schizophrenia are taken together, we may presume that a certain relationship exists between the results of the ERN and the MMPI validity scales in terms of illness insight. Interestingly, as far as we know, there are no published studies that looked at the results of the ERN and the MMPI at the same time. We tried to perform an integrative examination of the relationship between the results of the ERN and MMPI tests in patients with schizophrenia as a method of measuring illness insight in patients with schizophrenia. Methods We reviewed the medical records of who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia based on the DSM-5. The protocol for the general ERP and ERN are as follows. 64 channels with M1 and M2 as reference electrodes Impedance: < 1 kΩ ERN: 1000 ms ERPs were recorded while the patients were performing the Stroop test. Independently of the ERP recording, the patients received an MMPI test. The relationship between the latency and amplitude of the ERN and the demographic and clinical variables was analyzed by a t-test, and correlation analyses were used for categorical and continuous variables. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Of the total 18 patients (8 men and 10 women; age = 41.6 ± 15.8) whose data were reviewed, 5 were excluded due to poor understanding of the ERN instructions. Table 1. Demographic and clinical information of participated patients with schizophrenia Table 2. Partial correlation coefficients on variables after controlling for age and gender. Discussion The results for the association of ERN amplitude and latency with the MMPI validity scales showed that latency measures were positively associated with the MMPI validity scales that were related to the assessment of the overestimation of responses. Individuals who tended to exaggerate problems through over-responses showed increased ERN amplitude but decreased ERN Pe amplitude. Although caution is needed to interpret the results of this study due to limitations, our results suggest that ERP measurement could act as a biological marker for endophenotype in schizophrenia. Furthermore, ERP measurement might be used to visualize or to make concrete illness insight, which by its nature is difficult to measure objectively. References

scholarly journals Lifestyle Factors Associated With Sunscreen Use Among Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Julie Williams Merten ◽  
Jessica L. King ◽  
Melissa J. Vilaro ◽  
Erin Largo-Wight
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sunscreen Use ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States with melanoma rates increasing. Sunscreen use is an effective way to protect the skin and reduce skin cancer risk. Limited research has been conducted examining the relationship between sunscreen use and other lifestyle factors. Interventions aimed at multiple lifestyle factors have shown promise for prevention and reduced health care costs. Objective. This study explores the relationship between sunscreen use and lifestyle factors associated with mortality and morbidity among young adults. Lifestyle factors examined included physical activity, substance abuse, smoking, sexual behavior, unintentional injury, and mental well-being. Methods. A convenience sample of 747 college students was surveyed about sunscreen use and other health risks. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19. Results. White, female students older than 21 years were more likely to use sunscreen. Texting while driving, low life satisfaction, and binge drinking were associated with inadequate sunscreen use. Limitations. Convenience sampling limits generalizability and surveys are subject to recall, self-report, and self-selection bias. Conclusions. The findings provide the framework to develop multiple risk factor interventions.

What can software tell us about political candidates?

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E.N. Kangas
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
John Mccain ◽  
Sarah Palin ◽  
Speech Events ◽  
The Relationship

This study evaluates a computerized text analysis program, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), by investigating the relationship between the discourse and personalities of presidential and vice presidential candidates in the 2008 presidential election in the United States. Analyses of speech samples (N = 141) from Barack Obama, Joe Biden, John McCain, and Sarah Palin were conducted using LIWC. The results show that in the context of political speech events, such as media interviews, political candidates make unique linguistic choices, which may be interpreted as displaying distinct personality traits. Yet, despite the statistical significance of the results, there are salient limitations of utilizing computerized methodologies to analyze political speech events, such as the limited interpretative capacity of the software to understand pragmatic and contextual language use.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Headache Severity and Convergence Insufficiency in a Post-Concussive Population

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S1.2-S1
Author(s):  
Shaetu Datta ◽  
Michael Jaffee ◽  
Russell Bauer ◽  
Adrian Svingos ◽  
Sarah Grief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Headache Severity ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Headache Pain ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between self-reported post concussion headache severity and convergence insufficiency (CI) a common binocular vision deficit, in a clinical post-concussive population.BackgroundBoth headache and CI are common sequelae of concussion that have been associated with prolonged recovery. Independent of head injury, CI is a known predictor of headache pain [1]. However, the relationship between CI and headache in a post-concussion population is less clear. This is an important relationship to explore since headaches are one of the most common and debilitating post-concussive symptoms.Design/MethodsRetrospective databank analysis was conducted of 174 participants between the ages of 13–84 (M = 37 SD = 19) recruited from an interdisciplinary concussion clinic (M = 295 SD = 609 days post-injury). Near point convergence (NPC) and subjective headache severity were obtained by a neurologist during routine clinical visits. Near point convergence was dichotomized: >5 cm being CI, and <5 “normal.” Current headache severity was measured using a self-report pain severity scale ranging from 0 (none) to 10 (most severe). Spearman rank-order correlation was used in order to elucidate the relationship between headache severity and CI.ResultsResults suggest only a weak relationship between post-concussion headache severity and NPC status that failed to reach statistical significance (r = 0.171, p = 0.098). NPC status explained only 3% of the variance in headache severity.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that headache and NPC measurements following concussion are very weakly associated. Given the episodic nature of headaches, it may be that statistically significant correlations are not evident unless there is a certain headache severity at time of NPC measurement. Future studies are needed in order to determine whether and to what extent injury severity or patient demographic characteristics mediate this relationship.

scholarly journals Beliefs about voices in voice-hearers: the role of schema functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-597
Author(s):  
Brittany Davenport ◽  
Mike Jackson ◽  
James A. Grange ◽  
Michelle Rydon-Grange
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Patterns Of Relating ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Evidence is emerging that beliefs about voices are influenced by broader schematic beliefs about the self and others. Similarly, studies indicate that the relationship an individual has with their voice may mirror wider patterns of relating observed in social relationships, which may be influenced by schematic beliefs.Aims:This study examined associations between beliefs about voices and self and other schemas. Furthermore, associations between schemas and the perceived relationship between the hearer and their predominant voice were explored.Method:Forty-four voice-hearing participants were recruited across mental health services. Participants completed self-report measures of beliefs about voices, schema functioning, and relating between the hearer and their voice. Dimensions of voice experience, such as frequency and content, were assessed using a clinician-rated scale.Results:Beliefs about voices correlated with negative voice content and schemas. After controlling for negative voice content, schemas were estimated to predict between 1 and 17% of the variance in the six measured beliefs about voices; three of the associations reached statistical significance. Negative-self schema were the strongest predictors of beliefs about voices, whilst positive-self also showed potential relationships. Schemas also correlated with dimensions of relating between the hearer and their voice.Conclusions:In line with previous research, this study provides evidence that schemas, particularly self-schema, may be important in the development of beliefs about voices. This study offers preliminary findings to suggest that schemas are also associated with the perceived relationship between the hearer and their voice.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationship Between Media Use and Self-Competence During Adolescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine McCauley Ohannessian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Media Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Scholastic Competence ◽  
Athletic Competence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Examination ◽  
11Th Grade

The primary goal of this longitudinal study was to examine whether media use predicts adolescent self-competence and/or whether adolescent self-competence predicts media use. The sample included 1,031 10th and 11th grade boys and girls from the United States. The adolescents completed a self-report questionnaire in 2007 and 2008 to assess their media use (talking and texting on the phone, listening to music, e-mailing/IMing, playing video games, and working on the computer) and self-competence (social competence, scholastic competence, athletic competence, and perceived physical appearance). Path analysis results revealed that media use had a minimal effect on adolescent self-competence. In contrast, adolescent self-competence consistently predicted media use. Results from this study highlight the need to examine both directions of influence between adolescent media use and adjustment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document