scholarly journals The Relationship between Headache Severity and Convergence Insufficiency in a Post-Concussive Population

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S1.2-S1
Author(s):  
Shaetu Datta ◽  
Michael Jaffee ◽  
Russell Bauer ◽  
Adrian Svingos ◽  
Sarah Grief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Headache Severity ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Headache Pain ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between self-reported post concussion headache severity and convergence insufficiency (CI) a common binocular vision deficit, in a clinical post-concussive population.BackgroundBoth headache and CI are common sequelae of concussion that have been associated with prolonged recovery. Independent of head injury, CI is a known predictor of headache pain [1]. However, the relationship between CI and headache in a post-concussion population is less clear. This is an important relationship to explore since headaches are one of the most common and debilitating post-concussive symptoms.Design/MethodsRetrospective databank analysis was conducted of 174 participants between the ages of 13–84 (M = 37 SD = 19) recruited from an interdisciplinary concussion clinic (M = 295 SD = 609 days post-injury). Near point convergence (NPC) and subjective headache severity were obtained by a neurologist during routine clinical visits. Near point convergence was dichotomized: >5 cm being CI, and <5 “normal.” Current headache severity was measured using a self-report pain severity scale ranging from 0 (none) to 10 (most severe). Spearman rank-order correlation was used in order to elucidate the relationship between headache severity and CI.ResultsResults suggest only a weak relationship between post-concussion headache severity and NPC status that failed to reach statistical significance (r = 0.171, p = 0.098). NPC status explained only 3% of the variance in headache severity.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that headache and NPC measurements following concussion are very weakly associated. Given the episodic nature of headaches, it may be that statistically significant correlations are not evident unless there is a certain headache severity at time of NPC measurement. Future studies are needed in order to determine whether and to what extent injury severity or patient demographic characteristics mediate this relationship.

scholarly journals A-22 Gender Effects and Self-Reported Symptomatology at Baseline

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-618
Author(s):  
K Horne ◽  
M Gilmore ◽  
R Bennett ◽  
L Lashley
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
South Florida ◽  
T Test ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Return To Learn ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective To examine potential effects of gender on self-reported symptomatology in athletes who did not report a prior concussion history at baseline using ImPACT. Method Participants were selected from an archival de-identified sports medicine ImPACT database. The sample (N = 28,616) consisted of primarily male (58.2%) student athletes in South Florida with a mean age of 15.36 years (SD = 1.332). An exploratory factor analysis performed by Kontos and colleagues (2012) was utilized to categorize ImPACT self-reported symptomatology into four symptom groups: Affective, Sleep, Cognitive, and Vestibular Somatic. An independent samples t-test was conducted to determine the relationship between gender and self-reported symptoms at baseline. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.01. Results The independent samples t-test determined significant differences (p &lt; .001) between gender and self-reported symptomatology regarding cognitive (d = 0.14), affective (d = 0.30), sleep (d = 0.13), and vestibular somatic symptoms (d = 0.17). Descriptive statistics revealed females on average reported more symptoms than males at baseline. Conclusions Findings indicate females are more likely to endorse sleep, emotion, and somatic symptoms in comparison to males at baseline. The results suggest that gender may be a mediating factor in regards to self-reported symptomatology, and should be accounted for when comparing baseline assessments to post-injury. Additionally, these results suggest self-reported symptomatology may be an accurate representation of athlete’s baseline functioning and are not solely related to post injury complications. Going forward, one’s self-reported symptomatology at baseline should be highly considered when clearing athletes for both return to learn and play.

scholarly journals Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Sooyeong Kim ◽  
YoungRan Kweon
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

This study examined the mediating effect of psychological capital in the relationship between job stress and burnout of psychiatric nurses. The participants were 108 psychiatric nurses working in three psychiatric hospitals located in South Korea. Data were collected from 10 August to 15 September 2018 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression by IBM SPSS 24.0 program. In addition, a bootstrapping test using the SPSS PROCESS macro was conducted to test the statistical significance of the mediating effect. There was significant correlation between job stress, psychological capital, and burnout. Psychological capital showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between job stress and burnout. Job stress explained 29.7% of the variance in burnout, and the model including job stress and psychological capital explained 49.6% of the variance in burnout. The bootstrapping showed that psychological capital was a significant sub-parameter and decreased job stress and burnout (LLCI = −0.1442, ULCI = −0.3548). These findings suggest that psychiatric nurses’ burnout can be reduced by implementing various health care programs designed to increase psychological capital.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in Concussed Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-755
Author(s):  
K Stephenson-Brown ◽  
A Otwell ◽  
P Schatz ◽  
M Womble ◽  
R J Elbin
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Clinical Visit ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose To document the relationship between concussion symptoms and state anxiety in concussed adolescent athletes. Methods One hundred fifty-three concussed athletes (mean age=16.06, SD=1.62 yrs.) completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at their initial clinical visit within 30 days of injury (M=8.29, SD=6.46 days). Due to violations of normality (Shapiro-Wilk=.95), Spearman’s Rank Order correlations were conducted between STAI state scores and PCSS affective, somatic, cognitive-migraine-fatigue, and sleep clusters and total symptoms. Correlations were also conducted within sub-samples of patients seen within one week (M=3.80, SD=1.72days) and 8 – 30 days post-injury (M=13.91, SD=5.76 days). Statistical significance was set at (p<.05). Results In the total sample (n=153), STAI state scores were significantly associated with total symptoms (r=.54), and the affective (r=.53), sleep (r=.44), cognitive-migraine-fatigue (r=.47), and somatic (r=.33) symptom clusters. All significant relationships among STAI state scores and PCSS total symptoms and symptom clusters were retained for patients seen within 1 week as well as patients completing their first clinical visit 8-30 days post-concussion (p<.05). Conclusion Post-concussion endorsement of concussion symptoms increases as a function of state anxiety. Although the PCSS affective symptom cluster is not a validated measure to diagnose anxiety; these findings support the utility of the PCSS to evaluate for potentially elevated anxiety in concussed adolescent athletes.

scholarly journals Predicting Behavioral Deficits in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Through Uncinate Fasciculus Integrity

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad P. Johnson ◽  
Jenifer Juranek ◽  
Larry A. Kramer ◽  
Mary R. Prasad ◽  
Paul R. Swank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Orthopedic Injury ◽  
Behavioral Dysregulation ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBehavioral dysregulation is a common and detrimental consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children that contributes to poor academic achievement and deficits in social development. Unfortunately, behavioral dysregulation is difficult to predict from either injury severity or early neuropsychological evaluation. The uncinate fasciculus (UF) connects orbitofrontal and anterior temporal lobes, which are commonly implicated in emotional and behavioral regulation. Using probabilistic diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), we examined the relationship between the integrity of the UF 3 months post-injury and ratings of executive functions 12 months post-injury in children with moderate to severe TBI and a comparison group with orthopedic injuries. As expected, fractional anisotropy of the UF was lower in the TBI group relative to the orthopedic injury group. DTT metrics from the UF served as a biomarker and predicted ratings of emotional and behavior regulation, but not metacognition. In contrast, the Glasgow Coma Scale score was not related to either UF integrity or to executive function outcomes. Neuroanatomical biomarkers like the uncinate fasciculus may allow for early identification of behavioral problems and allow for investigation into the relationship of frontotemporal networks to brain-behavior relationships. (JINS, 2011, 17, 663–673)

scholarly journals Vision Impairment and Participation in Cognitively Stimulating Activities: The Health ABC Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varshini Varadaraj ◽  
Beatriz Munoz ◽  
Eleanor M Simonsick ◽  
Bonnielin K Swenor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stereo Acuity

Abstract Background Engagement in cognitively stimulating activities is associated with decreased rates of cognitive decline in older adults. However, most cognitively stimulating tasks require good vision, potentially affecting the ability of visually impaired adults to engage in these activities. We examined the relationship between vision and participation in cognitively stimulating activities. Method Data from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (1999–2005) were analyzed. Associations between visual function (visual acuity [VA], contrast sensitivity [CS], and stereo acuity [SA] impairments) and annual rates of change in number of cognitively stimulating activities (by self-report) performed at least once a month were examined. Results Analyses included 924 participants aged 75.2 ± 2.8 years. At baseline, impaired CS (27%) and SA (29%) were associated with participation in fewer cognitive activities (β = −0.33, 95% CI = −0.63, −0.03 and β = −0.32, 95% CI = −0.61, −0.03, respectively), while VA (8%) was not (β = −0.34, 95% CI = −0.81, 0.13). In longitudinal models, groups with and without VA, CS, and SA impairments exhibited declines in monthly cognitive activities over time. Annual rates of decline were relatively higher in the VA (β = −0.16, 95% CI = −0.26, −0.05) and CS (β = −0.14, 95% CI = −0.19, −0.09) impaired groups than observed in the respective unimpaired groups (no VA: β = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.15, −0.10; no CS: β = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.15, −0.09), but did not achieve statistical significance. Stereo acuity (β = −0.13, 95% CI = −0.17, −0.09) and no SA (β = −0.13, 95% CI = −0.16, −0.10) groups had similar rates of decline. Conclusions Visually impaired older adults participate in fewer cognitive activities and although participation decline is similar to the non-impaired, lower overall participation indicates a need to identify cognitively stimulating activities accessible to visually impaired older adults.

scholarly journals S138. A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ILLNESS INSIGHT MEASURED BY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ERN PATTERNS AND MMPI RESULTS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S88-S88
Author(s):  
Min-Hyeon Park ◽  
Seung-Yup Lee ◽  
Kyu-In Jung ◽  
Eunhye Choi ◽  
Yerin Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Validity Scales ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The error-related negativity (ERN) is an event-related brain potential waveform peaking about 50 ms after error commission in choice-response tasks and may indicate a conflict between neural representations of correct and incorrect responses as stimulus processing continues after an error. Most previous studies consistently reported a reduced event-related potential (ERP) amplitude in patients with schizophrenia compared with normal controls. Some self-report measures derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) are known to be associated with clinical observations in carefully diagnosed schizophrenia patients. In the MMPI, an elevation of the validity scales in the MMPI best distinguishes patients with schizophrenia from patients feigning schizophrenia, and the MMPI validity scales are known to provide a good reflection of illness insight in schizophrenia. Both the amplitudes of the Pe of the ERN and the scores of the MMPI validity scales are supposed to reflect, directly or indirectly, the illness insight of patients with schizophrenia. When the abovementioned results obtained in studies on the ERN or MMPI in patients with schizophrenia are taken together, we may presume that a certain relationship exists between the results of the ERN and the MMPI validity scales in terms of illness insight. Interestingly, as far as we know, there are no published studies that looked at the results of the ERN and the MMPI at the same time. We tried to perform an integrative examination of the relationship between the results of the ERN and MMPI tests in patients with schizophrenia as a method of measuring illness insight in patients with schizophrenia. Methods We reviewed the medical records of who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia based on the DSM-5. The protocol for the general ERP and ERN are as follows. 64 channels with M1 and M2 as reference electrodes Impedance: &lt; 1 kΩ ERN: 1000 ms ERPs were recorded while the patients were performing the Stroop test. Independently of the ERP recording, the patients received an MMPI test. The relationship between the latency and amplitude of the ERN and the demographic and clinical variables was analyzed by a t-test, and correlation analyses were used for categorical and continuous variables. The statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results Of the total 18 patients (8 men and 10 women; age = 41.6 ± 15.8) whose data were reviewed, 5 were excluded due to poor understanding of the ERN instructions. Table 1. Demographic and clinical information of participated patients with schizophrenia Table 2. Partial correlation coefficients on variables after controlling for age and gender. Discussion The results for the association of ERN amplitude and latency with the MMPI validity scales showed that latency measures were positively associated with the MMPI validity scales that were related to the assessment of the overestimation of responses. Individuals who tended to exaggerate problems through over-responses showed increased ERN amplitude but decreased ERN Pe amplitude. Although caution is needed to interpret the results of this study due to limitations, our results suggest that ERP measurement could act as a biological marker for endophenotype in schizophrenia. Furthermore, ERP measurement might be used to visualize or to make concrete illness insight, which by its nature is difficult to measure objectively. References

scholarly journals Beliefs about voices in voice-hearers: the role of schema functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-597
Author(s):  
Brittany Davenport ◽  
Mike Jackson ◽  
James A. Grange ◽  
Michelle Rydon-Grange
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Patterns Of Relating ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Evidence is emerging that beliefs about voices are influenced by broader schematic beliefs about the self and others. Similarly, studies indicate that the relationship an individual has with their voice may mirror wider patterns of relating observed in social relationships, which may be influenced by schematic beliefs.Aims:This study examined associations between beliefs about voices and self and other schemas. Furthermore, associations between schemas and the perceived relationship between the hearer and their predominant voice were explored.Method:Forty-four voice-hearing participants were recruited across mental health services. Participants completed self-report measures of beliefs about voices, schema functioning, and relating between the hearer and their voice. Dimensions of voice experience, such as frequency and content, were assessed using a clinician-rated scale.Results:Beliefs about voices correlated with negative voice content and schemas. After controlling for negative voice content, schemas were estimated to predict between 1 and 17% of the variance in the six measured beliefs about voices; three of the associations reached statistical significance. Negative-self schema were the strongest predictors of beliefs about voices, whilst positive-self also showed potential relationships. Schemas also correlated with dimensions of relating between the hearer and their voice.Conclusions:In line with previous research, this study provides evidence that schemas, particularly self-schema, may be important in the development of beliefs about voices. This study offers preliminary findings to suggest that schemas are also associated with the perceived relationship between the hearer and their voice.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Students' Computer Competency and Perception of Enjoyment and Difficulty Level in Web-based Distance Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Yunfei Du
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
State University ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Computer Competency ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discussed the concept of computer competency and investigated the relationship between students' computer competency and their perception of enjoyment and d ifficulty level of web-based distance-learning courses. Participants were 237 entering graduate students in library and information science from a mid-southwestern state university in the United States from year 2001 to 2003. Computer competency was estimated by students' self-report of their prior knowledge of information technology skills in a survey called Computer Skill and Use Assessment. Statistical significance was found betweenthe correlation of computer competency and students' perception of  enjoyment level (p=.011) and difficulty level (p=.001).

scholarly journals The Complexity of Comparative Judgments in Assessing Argumentative Writing: An Eye Tracking Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn Gijsen ◽  
Tine van Daal ◽  
Marije Lesterhuis ◽  
David Gijbels ◽  
Sven De Maeyer
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
The Relationship

Comparative judgment (CJ) has been recently introduced in the educational field as a means of assessing competences. In this judgement process, assessors are presented with two pieces of student work and are asked to choose which one is better in relation to the competencies being assessed. However, since student work is heterogeneous and highly information loaded, it raises the question as to whether this type of assessment is too complex for assessors to use. Previous research on the topic has operationalized experienced complexity by employing self-report measures, which have been criticized for common problems associated with their use. In our study, we used eye tracking to study 23 high school teachers when they made 10 comparative judgments, and their pupil diameter was used as an indicator of the experienced complexity. This study builds on previous research that integrated Campbell’s theory on task complexity (1988) into CJ. Based on this framework, three hypotheses regarding the role of decision accuracy were formulated and empirically tested. Hypothesis one assumes that the distance between two pieces of student work on the rank-order (rank-order distance) is negatively related to experienced complexity, irrespective of decision accuracy. Hypothesis two assumes that decision accuracy moderates the relationship between rank-order distance and experienced complexity. Hypothesis three builds on hypothesis two by adding a negative relationship between experience and experienced complexity. In all three hypotheses, the average experienced complexity is assumed to vary between assessors, as is the strength of the expected relationships. An information-theoretic approach was used to test the holding of all three hypotheses. All hypotheses were translated into statistical models, and their relative and absolute fit were assessed. Results provided strong evidence for hypothesis three: both the moderating role of decision accuracy on the relationship between rank-order distance and experienced complexity, and the relationship between experience and experienced complexity, were confirmed.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Online Social Networking and Various Psychological Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p34
Author(s):  
Abby Halston ◽  
Darren Iwamoto ◽  
Chanel Rich Aguilar ◽  
Hans Chun
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Online Social Networking ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The basis of this study is to evaluate and measure the correlation between the amount of time an individual spends online social networking and their self-reported levels of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and stress. With societies having increased connectivity, the researchers wanted to investigate how this affects our psychological functioning. This research is a follow-up study that targets a sample population of 189 people, over the age of 24, using a final scale that combined the UCLA Loneliness and DASS-21 scales. The final scale was created via Google Forms and was later published on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results for statistical significance were analyzed through Spearman Rank Order Correlations, ANOVAS and descriptive statistics to indicate correlations between social networking and self-reported levels of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and stress from using both Facebook and YouTube platforms.

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