scholarly journals A REVIEW ARTICLE ON NON-GENETIC FACTORS AFFECTING REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN SWINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Aarati Khulal ◽  
Prativa Sharma ◽  
Asmin Khulal ◽  
Surya Sharma Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sow Reproduction ◽  
Farrowing Rate ◽  
Feeding Systems

This review studies several factors affecting the reproductive performance of swine chiefly focusing on sow-related factors, which have significant economic importance. A sow’s productivity is determined by different reproductive attributes, including litter size, litter weight at weaning, farrowing rate, the return of oestrus, and many more. The increase in number of pigs born alive and weaned piglets per sow is an aim for swine husbandry.Various factors such as parity, housing, feed, gestation length, season, and temperature are considered in this paper. Sows of differing parities have performed differently.The performance was influenced by various feeding systems, comfort, spacing, aggressiveness, and disease transmission in the housing system. Feeding intake and nutrition uptake are directly connected with milk secretion as well as other traits. Season and temperature are correlated with feeding intake, time of puberty, hormonal production, and seasonal infertility.Scientists are globally working for productive breeds. However, the rearing of swine will necessitate the consideration of different non-genetic factors of their reproduction from an economicpoint of view.The goal of this study is to understand non-genetic factors that affect sow reproduction and to advise swine farmers on how to create a better environment for swine to improve productivity.

scholarly journals Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits of Pakhribas Pig in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Shreeram P. Neopane
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The People ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Pakhribas pig is a black colour pig and is highly preferred by the people in the Eastern hills of Nepal. This breed was developed in Nepal by three-way crossing of exotic breeds  (Saddle back, Fayuen and Tamworth) at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Pakhribas, the then Pakhribas Agricultural Centre (PAC). The data of 348 pigs, born over a period of fifteen years (1990 to 2004) were used to study the effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits and estimate their genetic parameters. The findings revealed that the   overall gestation length and farrowing intervals were 113.7 ± 0.12 days and 182.5 ± 2.2 days, respectively. Season of birth and parity of dams were not important sources of variation for reproductive traits, where as year affected these traits significantly. Heritability estimates of gestation length was low (0.02 ± 0.094), but heritability for farrowing interval was moderate (0.14 ± 0.147) suggesting selection based on farrowing interval would bring the improvement in the trait.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 77-81DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11584

Characterisation of KiSS1R gene and Non genetic factors affecting reproductive traits in Indian goats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhant Sekhar Sahoo ◽  
Chinmoy Mishra ◽  
Stuti Tanaya Mohanty ◽  
Rakesh Kaushik ◽  
P. K. Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Polymorphic Pattern ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Alignment ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Gpr54 Gene ◽  
Ncbi Blast

This study was undertaken to explore the genetic polymorphism in the KiSS1R (GPR54) gene from 80 Black Bengal, 50 Ganjam and 20 Raighar goat. Each of the sampled goats was recorded for its reproductive traits. The genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood samples. The target 3’ UTR comprising of 246 bp fragment of KiSS1R gene was successfully amplified using the specific primer. Amplified samples were subjected for HRM analysis followed by sequencing. The nucleotide sequence alignment with the retrieved DNA sequence from NCBI BLAST confirmed absence of polymorphic pattern in KiSS1R gene in 3’ UTR. However, in the studied populations breed had significant effect on littersize, kidding interval and age at sexual maturity. It was found that age at sexual maturity and kidding interval were the highest in Ganjam goat population as compared to Raighar and Black Bengal goat population. Litter size was found highest in Black Bengal goat.

Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits in Konkan Kanyal Goats

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
D.J. Bhagat ◽  
R.G. Burte ◽  
B.G. Desai ◽  
V.S. Dandekar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting

Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting productive and reproductive traits in Deoni cattle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanta Basak ◽  
D. N. Das ◽  
U. T. Mundhe
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Dual Purpose Cattle

The present study was carried out in Deoni, the dual purpose cattle breed of Southern India, maintained at NDRI herd, SRS, Bengaluru. Mean phenotypic performances for the traits of age at first calving (AFC), first service period (FSP), first lactation milk yield (FLMY) and first lactation length (FLL) were estimated as 42.90 ± 0.49 months, 179.00 ± 6.3 days, 643.08 ± 25.16 kg and 178.24 ± 4.41 days respectively. Significant effect of parity was found on AFC and FSP. Effect of period of birth, period of calving and season of calving was found to be significant on FSP. Significant effect of period of birth, period of calving, classes of AFC and FLL were found on FLMY. The heritability of first lactation milk yield was estimated as 0.38 ± 0.29. Phenotypic correlation of FLMY with FLL (0.88 ± 0.02) was found to be highly significant (p Lass Than 0.01).

scholarly journals Analysis of non-genetic factors affecting calving difficulty in the Czech Holstein population

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fiedlerová ◽  
D. Řehák ◽  
M. Vacek ◽  
J. Volek ◽  
J. Fiedler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Holstein Population

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of non-genetic factors affecting calving difficulty in the Holstein population of the Czech Republic for subsequent compilation of the model for genetic evaluation as well as for herd management practice. Calving difficulty recorded in 1997–2006 was assessed in three categories: 1 = normal, 2 = hard pull, 3 = complicated. The original observations were transformed to an underlying normal scale. A data set containing 409 255 records was analysed by a linear model with fixed effects of season, parity of dam, sex of calf and Holstein gene proportion. All these effects were significant, and their appropriate categorization was considered. Analyses of additional factors such as gestation length, age at first calving and preceding calving interval were performed. The results revealed that gestation length was in a non-linear relationship with calving difficulty. A higher risk of difficult calving was associated with short or long gestation and with a prolonged preceding calving interval in multiparous cows. Calving difficulty should be adjusted for these factors. A decreased risk of difficult calving could be achieved by an altering of calving interval and age at first calving as a management tool.

scholarly journals Genetic and Non-genetic Factors Affecting Gestation Length and Calve Birth Weight of Sahiwal-Friesian Crossbred Groups

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
MAI Talukder ◽  
JM Panandam
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
Sire Breed

This study focused on the dairy unit at the Ladang Pusat Ternakan Haiwan Ayer Hitam in Johor, Malaysia. Eight crossbreed groups namely M50, M50-1, M50-2, M50-3, M56, M63, M75 and M75-1 were evaluated. Retrospective data on gestation length and calf birth weight were extracted for evaluation of 1346 animals and were analyzed between 1981 and 2001. Effects of breed group, parity, calf sex and age at calving were non significant for GL. Year of birth was only significant (P<0.05) affected for GL. The GL for the breed groups ranged between 279 - 283 days. The cow breed group x parity interaction effect was significant (P<0.05) for CBW. Sire breed group, calf sex and age at calving significantly (P<0.05) affected the CBW. There was no significant difference in CBW of the cow breed groups for the first two parities. M50, M50-1, M63 and M75-1 had significantly (P<0.05) higher CBW in the third and fourth parity (26.76-28.98 kg). M50-3 and M56 had significantly (P<0.05) lower CBW than M50 and M63. M56 had the lowest (P<0.05) CBW in the fourth parity (22.22 ± 1.24 kg). Individual additive genetic effect, maternal additive genetic effect, individual heterosis and maternal heterosis were non-significant for GL and CBW. Calf sex significantly (P<0.01) affected the CBW in all breed groups except M56 and M63. Male calves weighed significantly (P<0.01) heavier than female calves in the earlier breed group. Calf mortality ranged between 3.49 - 7.27%. The highest calf mortality at birth was observed in M75 (7.27%) followed by M50-3 (6.8%) and M75-1 (5.66%). The lowest mortality was observed in M50-1. M50, M50-1, M63 and M75-1 had better performance on CBW. Higher Friesian grades calf mortality rate was higher than lower Friesian grades. The non genetic factor year of birth only affected GL, but most of the genetic and non genetic factors significantly (P<0.05) affected the CBW.

Factors affecting gestation length in goats and the effect of gestation period on kid survival

2000 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MELLADO ◽  
J. L. AMARO ◽  
J. E. GARCÍA ◽  
L. M. LARA
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Data on 1468 pregnancies and 2356 newborn goat kids of six genetic groups under intensive management were utilized to determine some genetic and non-genetic factors affecting gestation length, and to assess the relationship between gestation length and survival of kids to 25 days of age. The study revealed significant (P < 0·01) effect of breed of dam, litter weight, breeding season and parity on gestation length. Number of kids born and sex of kids were not a significant source of variation affecting this trait. Granadina goats had the shortest gestation (149·0±0·31 days), whereas Toggenburg (151·7±0·28 days) and Alpine (151·4±0·46 days) had the longest. Litter weight and gestation period were related curvilinearly in summer and linearly in autumn. Gestation of goats bred in summer was 1 day longer (P < 0·01) than those mated in the autumn. There was a progressive reduction of gestation length as parity increased (151·3±0·24, 150·6±0·17 and 149·9±0·39 days for 1, 2·6 and > 7 kiddings, respectively). The mean survival rate of kids gestated < 148 days and 148–;152 days were 78±2 and 87±1, respectively, and these were significantly lower (P < 0·05) than the survival rate of kids gestated 152–156 days and > 156 days (94±1 and 95±2). In conclusion, prolonged gestation (152–160 days) in goats was beneficial because it resulted in heavier litters at birth and higher viability of neonatal kids.

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