scholarly journals Analysis of non-genetic factors affecting calving difficulty in the Czech Holstein population

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fiedlerová ◽  
D. Řehák ◽  
M. Vacek ◽  
J. Volek ◽  
J. Fiedler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Calving Difficulty ◽  
Holstein Population

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of non-genetic factors affecting calving difficulty in the Holstein population of the Czech Republic for subsequent compilation of the model for genetic evaluation as well as for herd management practice. Calving difficulty recorded in 1997–2006 was assessed in three categories: 1 = normal, 2 = hard pull, 3 = complicated. The original observations were transformed to an underlying normal scale. A data set containing 409 255 records was analysed by a linear model with fixed effects of season, parity of dam, sex of calf and Holstein gene proportion. All these effects were significant, and their appropriate categorization was considered. Analyses of additional factors such as gestation length, age at first calving and preceding calving interval were performed. The results revealed that gestation length was in a non-linear relationship with calving difficulty. A higher risk of difficult calving was associated with short or long gestation and with a prolonged preceding calving interval in multiparous cows. Calving difficulty should be adjusted for these factors. A decreased risk of difficult calving could be achieved by an altering of calving interval and age at first calving as a management tool.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters for female fertility traits in the Czech Holstein population

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Brzáková ◽  
Ludmila Zavadilová ◽  
Josef Přibyl ◽  
Petr Pešek ◽  
Eva Kašná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Holstein Population

Genetic parameters for fertility traits in Czech Holstein population were estimated. The database obtained from the Czech-Moravian Breeders Corporation with 6 414 486 insemination records between years 2005–2015 was used. Date of calving of the selected animals was taken from the database of milk records from 2005–2015. Fertility traits were age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and first service to conception interval in cows (FSC-C) and heifers (FSC-H). The heritability of each trait was estimated using single-trait animal models. The model included fixed effects of herd-year-season of birth, herd-year-month of calving, lactation order, parity, last calving ease, linear and quadratic regressions on age at first insemination in heifers or on age at first calving in cows. Random effects were animal, permanent environmental effect and random residual error. After edits, the final data set included up to 599 901 observations from up to 448 037 animals dependent on traits. The range of heritability estimates was from 0.010 to 0.058. The lowest heritability was for first service to conception interval in heifers, and the highest heritability was for age at first service. Variances of random permanent effects were higher than variance of additive genetic effect in all traits manifested in mature cows. Repeatability ranged from 0.060 to 0.090. Genetic correlations between traits were estimated using a bivariate animal model. High positive genetic correlations were found between AFS–AFC, DO–CI, FSC-C–DO and FSC-C–CI. A moderate genetic correlation was found between AFS–FSC-H and between AFC. A negative correlation was found between AFS–FSC-C. Correlations between other traits were close to zero. The results suggest that the level of these reproductive traits can be improved by selection of animals with high genetic merit.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Reproduction in Population of the Slovak Spotted Dairy Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1426
Author(s):  
Jozef Bujko ◽  
Juraj Candrák ◽  
Peter Strapák ◽  
Július Žitný ◽  
Cyril Hrnčár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Actual Computation ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Basic Statistical Analysis

The aim of study was to analyse the reproduction and factors affecting on reproduction traits of dairy cows in population of Slovak Spotted cattle from 2007 to 2016 the results for 37,274 dairy cows: days to first service (DFS), days open (DO), number of inseminations per conception (NIC), age of first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI). The basic statistical analysis were analysed using the SAS version 9.3. For the actual computation a linear models with fixed effects was used: For the actual computation a linear models with fixed effects was used: yijklm = μ + HYSi + BTj+ Fk+ Bl +eijklm. The linear model represents coefficients determination R2 = 0.452117% (P < 0.001) for DFS, R2 = 0.377715% (P < 0.001) for DO, R2 = 0.348442% (P < 0.001) for NIC and R2 = 0.317128% (P < 0.001) for CI with all fixed effects. Correlation coefficients among DFS with DO, NIC, AFC and CI were r = 0.37275, r = -0.06881, r = 0.06493 and r = 0.08348. These coefficients were highly statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Non Genetic Factors Affecting Age at First Calving in Surti Buffaloes

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vallabh Pawar ◽  
Nikhil Dangar ◽  
Umed Ramani ◽  
Gaurav Pandya ◽  
Vishnu Kharadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting

Effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on age at first calving in Sahiwal cattle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Alok Kumar Yadav ◽  
Amit Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
Selection Of

The present study was conducted on Sahiwal cows maintained at Uttar Pradesh Livestock- cum- Agriculture Farm, Chak Ganjaria, Lucknow. A total of 1194 records on age at first calving (AFC) spanning over a period of 57 years (1949 to 2006) were subjected to least squares analysis using suitable statistical model considering sire as random while period and season as fixed effects. The least squares mean of AFC was estimated to be 1251.77± 22.15 days. The least squares analysis revealed significant effect (P £ 0.01) of sire and period. However, the effect of season was found to be non-significant. The heritability estimate of age at first calving was found to be 0.159. The genetic, phenotypic and environmental trend for AFC were -3.31, 32.78 and 36.09 respectively. It was concluded from the present findings that selection of sire may be practiced for genetic improvement of this trait and ameliorative managemental practices should be employed to improve upon the trait i.e. age at first calving.

Funding for start-ups in India: what shakes it?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saibal Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Equity Financing ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Salutary Effect ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression ◽  
Start Ups

Purpose Using a novel monthly data set, this study aims to examine the factors affecting the funding of Indian start-ups. Design/methodology/approach Given the panel structure of the data, the fixed effects regression technique has been used. Findings The findings reveal that years of operation is a key factor. Amongst others, angel investors and equity financing are the key drivers of startup financing. Government policy does not appear to have gained adequate traction, although the improvement in the business reform action by state governments has begun to exert a salutary effect. Practical implications From a policy standpoint, the study provides insights into what policies and practices can be exploited to streamline the funding bottlenecks affecting startups in the Indian context. Originality/value Notwithstanding being a country with a significant presence in the startup space, there are admittedly limited studies, which examine this issue for India. Viewed from this standpoint to the best of the knowledge, the analysis is one of the early studies to shed light on the factors driving the funding of startups in the Indian context.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Days Open, Gestation Length, and Calving Interval in Florida Dairy Cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Silva ◽  
C.J. Wilcox ◽  
W.W. Thatcher ◽  
R.B. Becker ◽  
D. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Days Open

scholarly journals Estimating the impact of export costs on Vietnam‟s export

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (Q5) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Tu Thi Cam Mai
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
The Impact

In the context of increasing international competition, production and export costs are the two crucial factors affecting the competitiveness and sustainability of developing ountries’ export growth The p per hen e fo use on estim ting the imp t of export ost on Vien m’s export value. This paper employed panel data set which covers the annual export from 2001 to 2013 of 70 Vietnamese major exporters with 910 observations. Hausman – Taylor (1981) test is used to compare the Random-effects (RE) and Fixed-effects (FE) estimations to determine the most appropriate. The findings confirmed that export cost plays an import nt role in the Vietn m’s export perform n e in the period 2001-2013. The determinants of Vietn m’s export v lue re tr e ost (-2.965), Vietn m’s GDP (0 658) importer’s GDP (0 413) importer’s popul tion (0 289) importer’s openness (0.252). This suggests that the Vietnamese Government should attempt to reduce domestic trade costs to enhance competitiveness and boost export growth sustainably.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ARTICLE ON NON-GENETIC FACTORS AFFECTING REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN SWINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Aarati Khulal ◽  
Prativa Sharma ◽  
Asmin Khulal ◽  
Surya Sharma Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sow Reproduction ◽  
Farrowing Rate ◽  
Feeding Systems

This review studies several factors affecting the reproductive performance of swine chiefly focusing on sow-related factors, which have significant economic importance. A sow’s productivity is determined by different reproductive attributes, including litter size, litter weight at weaning, farrowing rate, the return of oestrus, and many more. The increase in number of pigs born alive and weaned piglets per sow is an aim for swine husbandry.Various factors such as parity, housing, feed, gestation length, season, and temperature are considered in this paper. Sows of differing parities have performed differently.The performance was influenced by various feeding systems, comfort, spacing, aggressiveness, and disease transmission in the housing system. Feeding intake and nutrition uptake are directly connected with milk secretion as well as other traits. Season and temperature are correlated with feeding intake, time of puberty, hormonal production, and seasonal infertility.Scientists are globally working for productive breeds. However, the rearing of swine will necessitate the consideration of different non-genetic factors of their reproduction from an economicpoint of view.The goal of this study is to understand non-genetic factors that affect sow reproduction and to advise swine farmers on how to create a better environment for swine to improve productivity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document