scholarly journals Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits of Pakhribas Pig in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Shreeram P. Neopane
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The People ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Pakhribas pig is a black colour pig and is highly preferred by the people in the Eastern hills of Nepal. This breed was developed in Nepal by three-way crossing of exotic breeds  (Saddle back, Fayuen and Tamworth) at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Pakhribas, the then Pakhribas Agricultural Centre (PAC). The data of 348 pigs, born over a period of fifteen years (1990 to 2004) were used to study the effect of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits and estimate their genetic parameters. The findings revealed that the   overall gestation length and farrowing intervals were 113.7 ± 0.12 days and 182.5 ± 2.2 days, respectively. Season of birth and parity of dams were not important sources of variation for reproductive traits, where as year affected these traits significantly. Heritability estimates of gestation length was low (0.02 ± 0.094), but heritability for farrowing interval was moderate (0.14 ± 0.147) suggesting selection based on farrowing interval would bring the improvement in the trait.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 77-81DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11584

scholarly journals A REVIEW ARTICLE ON NON-GENETIC FACTORS AFFECTING REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN SWINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Aarati Khulal ◽  
Prativa Sharma ◽  
Asmin Khulal ◽  
Surya Sharma Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sow Reproduction ◽  
Farrowing Rate ◽  
Feeding Systems

This review studies several factors affecting the reproductive performance of swine chiefly focusing on sow-related factors, which have significant economic importance. A sow’s productivity is determined by different reproductive attributes, including litter size, litter weight at weaning, farrowing rate, the return of oestrus, and many more. The increase in number of pigs born alive and weaned piglets per sow is an aim for swine husbandry.Various factors such as parity, housing, feed, gestation length, season, and temperature are considered in this paper. Sows of differing parities have performed differently.The performance was influenced by various feeding systems, comfort, spacing, aggressiveness, and disease transmission in the housing system. Feeding intake and nutrition uptake are directly connected with milk secretion as well as other traits. Season and temperature are correlated with feeding intake, time of puberty, hormonal production, and seasonal infertility.Scientists are globally working for productive breeds. However, the rearing of swine will necessitate the consideration of different non-genetic factors of their reproduction from an economicpoint of view.The goal of this study is to understand non-genetic factors that affect sow reproduction and to advise swine farmers on how to create a better environment for swine to improve productivity.

Genetic parameters and non-genetic influences related to birth weight in farmed white-tailed deer

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. PARRA-BRACAMONTE ◽  
X. F. DE LA ROSA-REYNA ◽  
N. TREVIÑO-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
W. ARELLANO-VERA ◽  
V. MORENO-MEDINA
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Life Traits ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Sources Of Variation

SUMMARYStudying and understanding the sources of variation in early life traits in farmed deer are fundamental for management and/or breeding purposes. Data from a captive white-tailed deer population were analysed to identify non-genetic and genetic factors affecting the birth weight (BW) of fawns. The year, type of birth and sex were included in a fixed linear model to examine their significance. All of the examined non-genetic factors had a highly significant effect on BW (P<0·001). The examined years showed variation attributed to food availability affecting the gestational conditions of does. Male fawns were 193 g heavier than female fawns at birth (P<0·001), and singleton births were associated with a higher BW (2·97±0·043 kg) compared with twin (−0·261 g) and triplet (−0·642 g) fawning (P<0·001). The best-fitting animal model was selected by comparing reduced and complete models. Based on the selected animal model, which included direct genetic and common maternal effects, genetic components and parameters were estimated. The direct heritability was found to be 0·28±0·126, and a small but important contribution of common maternal environmental effects was identified (c2=0·15±0·062). The results support the importance of certain environmental factors affecting BW and indicate the relevance of direct genetic and maternal environmental influences to sustained genetic changes in BW and positively correlated traits in farmed white-tailed deer populations.

Genetic evaluation of reproductive traits in Jersey crossbred heifersat an organized farm of eastern India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshuman Kumar ◽  
Ajoy Mandal ◽  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
Poonam Ratwan ◽  
Narendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Eastern Regional

The present study was conducted on data of reproductive traits (viz., age at first service and age at first calving) in Jersey crossbred heifers, maintained at the Eastern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, West Bengal over a period of 38 years (1977-2014) to determine the effects of genetic and non-genetic factors. The data were classified according to season of birth, period of birth of animals and distributed in eight genetic groups having different level of Jersey inheritance. The least square mean of age at first service (AFS) and age at first calving (AFC) were 750.61±12.35 and 1089.36±13.99 days respectively. Sire had highly significant (P<0.01) influence on both AFS and AFC in the present study whereas, the genetic group had only significant effect on age at first calving. The half-bred of Jersey and Tharparkar crosses (1/2 Jersey-1/2 Tharparkar) had significantly lower AFC (987.47±43.21 days) than half-bred of Jersey and Red Sindhi and other crosses in this study. Moreover, the animals having less than 50 % and more than 62.5 % Jersey inheritance had highest AFC than other crosses. On the other hand, period of birth had significant effect on both AFS and AFC; however, season of birth only influenced AFC. Heritability estimates of AFS and AFC were observed 0.46±0.19 and 0.30±0.19 respectively. Strong genetic correlation (0.81±0.19) was estimated between these traits. Since, these traits have moderate to high heritability, it indicates faster improvement of these traits through selection.

Genetic parameters and phenotypic trends in the mean and variability of number of stillborn piglets and changes in their relationships with litter size and gestation length

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. G. Lewis ◽  
Susanne Hermesch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Large White ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time

This study examined changes in genetic and phenotypic factors affecting stillborn piglets (SB). Over 15 years, 76 851 litter records were available from Large White (LW), Landrace (LR) and Duroc (DU) sows to investigate SB. The analyses focussed on trends over time in SB and the changes in the number of SB per litter, in factors associated with SB and in genetic parameters for SB. Breed differences were identified with DU producing more SB than the white breeds (mean of 1.46 ± 0.02 vs 1.11 ± 0.01 and 1.07 ± 0.01). However, maximum differences between levels of each factor were 0.73 and 0.65 SB for parity and herd, respectively. Over the 15 years studied, SB had increased by 0.2 piglets accompanied by an increase in the total numbers of piglets born per litter (TB) of ~0.5 piglets. This increase in SB was driven by higher occurrence of more than two SB within a single litter. The effect of TB on SB changed over time with solutions of 0.127 ± 0.002 and 0.150 ± 0.002 SB/TB in 1996 and 2010, respectively. Heritability estimates for SB ranged from 0.06 ± 0.01 to 0.09 ± 0.01 for alternative models and time periods. The unfavourable genetic correlation between SB and TB of 0.46 ± 0.03 based on all data available was slightly lower using only data from the first 5 years (0.38 ± 0.07) versus using data from the last 5 years (0.46 ± 0.06). However, this increase in phenotypic and genetic associations between SB and TB over time may be larger in populations that have observed a larger increase in TB.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Parameters for Reproductive Traits in Crossbred Dairy Cattle Maintained at Holetta Agricultural Research Center.

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefale Getahun ◽  
Million Tadesse ◽  
Direba Hundie
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation

This study was aimed to generate information on variance components and the resulting genetic parameters (heritability, repeatability, genetic and phenotypic correlations and genetic trends) of some economic traits of Borena and its crosses with Holstein Friesian dairy cattle maintained at Holetta agricultural research center dairy farm. Traits studied were age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO) and number of service per conception (NSC). Overall, 11331 dairy cattle reproductive performance records were used for the study. WOMBAT, which is a software package for quantitative genetic analysis of continuous traits, fitting a linear, mixed model; estimates of covariance components and the resulting genetic parameters were employed and obtained. Heritability values of reproductive traits were from very low (0.071, 0.082 and 0.012) for CI, DO and NSC to moderate (0.3 and 0.22) for AFC and AFS traits. Repeatability estimate for CI, DO and NSC were low (0.17, 0.17 and 0.129). Strong and positive genetic correlation (0.98) was appeared between AFS and AFC traits. Negative genetic correlations were observed between AFS and DO (-0.001), AFC and DO (-0.05), AFS and NSC (-0.022), AFC and NSC (-0.29) and CI and NSC (-0.31). AFS were negative phenotypic correlation with CI, DO and NSC. Similarly, AFC was negative phenotypic correlation with CI and DO. Low phenotypic correlation was observed between AFC and NSC, CI and DO, CI and NSC and, DO and NSC. Strong and positive phenotypic correlation was appeared between AFS and AFC. The regression coefficient of mean breeding value for NSC, CI, DO, AFC and AFS on year of birth were -0.0066x+13.25 times/year, -1.19x+2387.4 days/year, -1.23x+2445.6 days/year, 0.2x-410 months/year and 0.48x-980 months/year, respectively.

Characterisation of KiSS1R gene and Non genetic factors affecting reproductive traits in Indian goats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhant Sekhar Sahoo ◽  
Chinmoy Mishra ◽  
Stuti Tanaya Mohanty ◽  
Rakesh Kaushik ◽  
P. K. Rout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Polymorphic Pattern ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Alignment ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Black Bengal Goat ◽  
Gpr54 Gene ◽  
Ncbi Blast

This study was undertaken to explore the genetic polymorphism in the KiSS1R (GPR54) gene from 80 Black Bengal, 50 Ganjam and 20 Raighar goat. Each of the sampled goats was recorded for its reproductive traits. The genomic DNA was isolated from the collected blood samples. The target 3’ UTR comprising of 246 bp fragment of KiSS1R gene was successfully amplified using the specific primer. Amplified samples were subjected for HRM analysis followed by sequencing. The nucleotide sequence alignment with the retrieved DNA sequence from NCBI BLAST confirmed absence of polymorphic pattern in KiSS1R gene in 3’ UTR. However, in the studied populations breed had significant effect on littersize, kidding interval and age at sexual maturity. It was found that age at sexual maturity and kidding interval were the highest in Ganjam goat population as compared to Raighar and Black Bengal goat population. Litter size was found highest in Black Bengal goat.

Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Reproductive Traits in Konkan Kanyal Goats

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
D.J. Bhagat ◽  
R.G. Burte ◽  
B.G. Desai ◽  
V.S. Dandekar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Evaluación genética del comportamiento productivo y reproductivo en núcleos de conejos de las razas Nueva Zelanda y Chinchilla

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vásquez ◽  
Rodrigo Martínez ◽  
Carlos Manrique ◽  
Yenny Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Individual Weight ◽  
Sources Of Variation

<p>Se realizaron análisis de varianza y estimaciones de heredabilidad y repetibilidad para características de crecimiento, reproducción y sobrevivencia en dos núcleos de conejos de las razas Nueva Zelanda (NZ) y Chinchilla (Ch), a partir de registros sobre montas y destetes realizados a lo largo de cinco años. Entre los caracteres analizados, los factores genéticos derivados de padre y madre, así como los ambientales, constituyeron fuentes significativas de variación especialmente en la fase de cría. En cuanto las estimaciones de los parámetros genéticos, se alcanzaron valores de heredabilidad de h2= 0,00 y h2= 0,33 para los caracteres ‘peso individual al parto’ e ‘intervalo entre partos’, respectivamente en la población NZ; y de h2= 0,00 para ‘peso individual al parto’ y ‘peso camada viva al parto’ y h2= 0,40 para ‘intervalo entre partos’ en la población Ch. Se determinó que las características en la fase de cría tienden a presentar mayores valores de heredabilidad que las relacionadas con la etapa de engorde, pues los índices de heredabilidad encontrados para los caracteres ‘peso al sacrificio’, ‘peso de la canal’ y ‘rendimiento en canal’ son bajos (menores de 0,11), por lo que su inclusión en un programa de selección tendría bajo impacto sobre el progreso genético.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Genetic evaluation of production and reproductive behavior in clusters of New Zealand and Chinchilla races of rabbits</strong></p><p>Analysis of variance and estimates of heritability and repeatability for characteristics of development, reproduction and survivorship in two clusters of New Zealand (NZ) and Chinchilla (Ch) races of rabbits were determined from registries about matings and weanings throughout a five year period. Among the characteristics analyzed, genetic factors derived from father and mother, as well as the environmental, constituted significant sources of variation, especially during the rearing phase. In regard to the estimations of genetic parameters, values of heritability were reached that varied between h2= 0.00 and h2= 0.33 for the characters ‘individual weight at birth’ and ‘interval between births’, respectively, for the NZ race; and between h2= 0.00 for ‘individual weight at birth’ and ‘live litter weight at birth’ and h2= 0.40 for ‘interval between births’ in the Ch population. It was determined that the characteristics during the rearing phase tend to show higher values of heritability than those related to the fattening stage, in which the heritability indices found for the characters ‘weight at sacrifice’, ‘slaughter weight’ and ‘slaughter yield’ are low (less than 0.11), so their inclusion in a selection program would have low impact on genetic progress.</p>

Effect of Non-genetic Factors on Udder and Teat Morphometric Traits in Sahiwal and Karan Fries Cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeka Sinha ◽  
Beena Sinha ◽  
Ragini Kumari ◽  
M.R. Vineeth ◽  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Karan Fries

Background: The present study was designed to find out the magnitude of environmental and other non-genetic factors affecting the linear udder and teat type traits in Sahiwal and Karan Fries cows. Methods: Total eight udder morphometric traits and seven teat morphometric traits were measured in 87 Sahiwal and 166 Karan Fries cows. The data regarding milk yield, stage of lactation, parity and season of calving for all Sahiwal and Karan Fries cows were collected. Result: In Karan Fries cows, udder and teat type traits were significantly affected by parity and stage of lactation, while in Sahiwal cow udder and teat type traits were significantly affected by parity only. Teat circumference was significantly affected by season and stage of lactation. The results indicated that parity and stages of lactation were important sources of variation for most of linear udder and teat type traits.

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