scholarly journals Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Classification, Clinical features and Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Fatimah Kadhim Ibrahim AL- Mahdawi ◽  
◽  
Mazin Razooqi Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Leukemias are classified as lymphoid or myeloid, dependent on the type of stem cell that is affected. In addition, leukemia is classified as chronic or acute. Acute leukemia is a production of bone marrow-derived immature cells (blasts), include solid organs or peripheral blood. The FAB Cooperative Group original classification scheme proposed to divide1 ALL into three subtypes (L1 - L3). Currently, the world health organization (WHO), modify FAB classification depending on immunophenotype. Symptoms presence of anemia, splenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia, and those are naturally present at diagnosis, indicating the degree to which leukemic lymphoblasts have replaced the bone marrow and the first mark to an ALL diagnosis is typically an abnormal complete blood count result. Objective: To introduce causes of acute lymphocytic leukemia, recent classification methods, diagnosis, and symptoms and diagnosis. Conclusion: Acute lymphocytic leukemia occurs due to a defect in the bone marrow and is classified into several types. The most important classification by the World Health Organization is depending on immunophenotype. The main symptoms are the increase in white blood cells with anemia and thrombocytopenia. Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Blood

scholarly journals BCR-ABL1–like B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarika Jain ◽  
Anu Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Context.— In the 2016 update of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic neoplasms, BCR-ABL1–like B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL) is added as a new provisional entity that lacks the BCR-ABL1 translocation but shows a pattern of gene expression very similar to that seen in B-ALL with BCR-ABL1. Objective.— To review the kinase-activating alterations and the diagnostic approach for BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL. Data Sources.— We provide a comprehensive review of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL based on recent literature and the 2016 update of the World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic neoplasms. Conclusions.— Several types of kinase-activating alterations (fusions or mutations) are identified in BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL. The main categories are alterations in the ABL class family of genes, encompassing ABL1, ABL2, PDGFRB, PDGFRA (rare), and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) fusions, or the JAK2 class family of genes, encompassing alterations in JAK2, CRLF2, EPOR, and other genes in this pathway. These alterations determine the sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. As a wide variety of genomic alterations are included in this category, the diagnosis of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL is extremely complex. Stepwise algorithms and comprehensive unbiased testing are the 2 ways to approach the diagnosis of BCR-ABL1–like B-ALL.

Prefibrotic myelofibrosis: is this diagnosis valid?

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
LoAnn Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Essential Thrombocythemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Bone Marrow Histology ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Wilkins and colleagues evaluate the utility of the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria intended to separate cases previously classified as essential thrombocythemia (ET) into 2 groups: “true ET” and “prefibrotic myelofibrosis.” Focusing on bone marrow histology, the authors found substantial variation in classification of cases.

Erstes Instrument zur standardisierten Erfassung der Teilhabe Behinderter

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (07) ◽  
pp. 526-527
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Coenen M et al. [Recommendation for the collection and analysis of data on participation and disability from the perspective of the World Health Organization]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2016; 59: 1060–1067 Um eine gleichberechtigte Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft von Menschen mit Behinderung zu ermöglichen, werden zunächst Daten zu vorhandenen Einschränkungen gebraucht. Erst wenn diese detailliert erhoben wurden, können Konzepte zur Beseitigung von Problemen entwickelt werden. Ein standardisiertes Erhebungsinstrument für alle Aspekte der Funktionsfähigkeit fehlte jedoch bisher.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document