scholarly journals Distribution, Ecological and Phytocoenotical Features of Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz. in Eastern Transbaicalia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
T. E. Tkachuk ◽  
◽  
Yu. V. Nikiforova ◽  
L. I. Saraeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
North East ◽  
Species Markers ◽  
Area Limit

Asparagus brachyphyllus Turcz. is a rare species in Russia. It’s a herbaceous perennial plant with short horizontal rhizome which gives 1-6 annual shoots. According to the literature the species grows in saline steppe and around salty lakes. In conditions of Eastern Transbaicalia vegetation lasts a little more than four months from middle May to late September, fruiting from June to September. A. brachyphyllus is listed in Red Book of Russian Federation, it is protected in Daursky State Nature Biosphere Reserve. In Transbaicalia it is limitated by small area of habitats, narrow environmental tolerance, low numerity of populations, grazing (annual shoots are eagerly eaten by animals, especially in spring). A. brachyphyllus has eastern-asian steppe (in the narrow sense) type of distribution, the main part of area is in North-East of China and in the East of Mongolia. In Russian Federation it occurs only in steppe districts of Zabaikalsky kray where there is the northern distribution limit. During our many years field expeditions new localities of A. brachyphyllus in Zabaikalsky Region were descripted, information on ecological-phytocenotic features and populations condition at the northern area limit was expanded. Localities of the species were identified at South and South-East of Zabaikalsky kray: Argun area, Aga steppe and Torey lake surroundings; most of localities are concentrated near Torey lakes, in other areas localities are sporadic. A. brachyphyllus grows mostly in Achnatherum splendens and Achnatherum splendens – Leymus chinensis saz steppe communities on solonetz soils, also on soil complexes of solonez and solonchack, sometimes it occurs on solonchacks in hyperhalophytic communities with Kalidium foliatum, Limonium aureum, Suaeda corniculata, Puccinellia tenuiflora. In plant communities A. brachyphyllus appears as a species with low abundance and coverage less 1%; due to prostrate form of shoots they place in lower layer up to 10 cm. In few-species communities on solonchacks A. brachyphyllus has low abundance, and a little higher on solonetz. In last case both species number and density of asparagus coenotic population are higher as usual. For estimation coenotic populations vitality we used a complex of criteria: density of coenotic populations, projective cover of species, markers of generativeness. Numerous Torey coenotic populations most often have medium vitality while that of coenotic populations at Aga localities higher. About a half of revealed coenotic populations suffer temperate influence of livestock grazing which lessens vitality by trampling and partial eating. Some localities at Torey lakes area need special protecting measures.

Yakut Governor Ivan Kraft and His Contribution to the Construction of the Amur-Yakutsk Highway at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Lev M. Dameshek ◽  
◽  
Margarita D. Kushnareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
East Siberia ◽  
North East ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The article considers the activities of Ivan Kraft, the governor of Yakutsk Oblast, on the incorporation of North-East Siberia into the single economic, administrative and sociocultural space of the Russian Empire. The aim of the study is to analyze Kraft's contribution to the construction and arrangement of the Amur-Yakutsk Highway at the beginning of the 20th century. To reach this aim, the authors broadly use archival sources that have not been previously published and introduced into academic discourse. The topic has theoretical and applied relevance. It has not been sufficiently studied in the historiography of North-East Siberia and is the subject of scholarly and political discussions. The key method in the study is an interdisciplinary approach to the research problem, which is at the intersection of history and economics. The authors used content analysis for a quantitative and qualitative study of these sources based on the principle of historicism and consistency. The authors determined that, in connection with the design of the Amur Railway, the Amur-Yakutsk Highway received the status of a strategic infrastructure object in the macroregion. The authors note that Kraft was the initiator of the construction of the route from Yakutsk to the Amur. The governor conducted a number of scientific and engineering surveys of the most convenient route and made applications for financing the construction of the highway. Kraft made a strategic decision to attract private companies with large capital for the construction. The Upper Amur Gold Mining Company and the Heirs of A. I. Gromova company helped build highway sections with a total length of more than 500 km, equip stations, establish telegraph communications, and construct river crossings. At the beginning of the 20th century, in the framework of modernization measures, Kraft considered Yakutsk Oblast as a mining region. This became the basis for raising the question of Yakutia's access to the Trans-Siberian Railway. The close cooperation of the government, in the person of Kraft, with large enterprises of the region was the basis for the project of constructing a railway line to Yakutsk. In conclusion, the authors note that the processes of incorporation of the Asian borderlands of Russia into the economic, administrative and sociocultural space of the state that Governor of Yakutsk Oblast Ivan Kraft began at the beginning of the 20th century were reflected in the modern policy of the Russian Federation. The Amur-Yakutsk Mainline was put into operation in 2015. At present, the problem of building a bridge across the Lena in the Yakutsk area is still relevant. In 2019, President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed orders to begin the construction of the bridge. This will create an international transit corridor between Europe and the Asia-Pacific region.

scholarly journals Blakiston’s Fish-owl Bubo blakistoni and logging: Applying resource selection information to endangered species conservation in Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN C. SLAGHT ◽  
SERGEI G. SURMACH
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Resource Selection ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Protected Area Network ◽  
North East

SummaryBlakiston's Fish-owl Bubo blakistoni is classified as ‘Endangered’ by IUCN; this species is associated with riparian old-growth forests in north-east Asia, a landscape threatened by a variety of impacts (e.g. logging, agricultural development, human settlement). We examined a 20,213 km2 study area in Primorye, Russia, and assessed the ability of the protected area network to conserve Blakiston's Fish-owls by analysing resource selection of radio-marked individuals. Based on resource selection functions, we predicted that 60–65 Blakiston's fish-owl home ranges could occur within the study area. We found that the protected area network within our study area contained only 19% of optimal Blakiston's fish-owl habitat and contained only eight potential home ranges (five of these within a single protected area—Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Reserve). We also found that 43% of optimal Blakiston's Fish-owl habitat was within current logging leases; lands capable of supporting habitat equivalent to 24 home ranges. The remaining optimal habitat (38%) was on federal land and potentially contained 28–33 Blakiston's Fish-owl home ranges. The current protected area network, by itself, is not sufficient to conserve the species because relatively few home ranges are actually protected. Therefore, outside of protected areas, we recommend protecting specific locations within potential home ranges that likely contain suitable nest and foraging sites, maintaining integrity of riparian areas, modifying road construction methods, and closing old and unused logging roads to reduce anthropogenic disturbance to the owls and the landscape.

Changing management in Scottish birch woodlands: a potential threat to local invertebrate biodiversity

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Woodcock ◽  
S.R. Leather ◽  
A.D. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
North East ◽  
Invertebrate Biodiversity ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe silvicultural management of Scottish birch woodlands for timber production is replacing traditional low intensity management practices, such as domesticated livestock grazing. These new management practices involve thinning of existing woodlands to prescribed densities to maximize biomass and timber quality. Although presently infrequent, the wide scale adoption of this practice could affect invertebrate community diversity. The impact of these changes in management on Staphylinidae and Carabidae (Coleoptera) in 19 woodlands in Aberdeenshire, north-east Scotland was investigated. Grazing and logging practices were important determinants of beetle community structure. Woodland area had no effect on any measure of beetle community structure, although isolation did influence the abundance of one carabid species. Changes towards timber production forestry will influence the structure of invertebrate communities, although the scale at which this occurs will determine its effect.

scholarly journals Assessment and prediction for the development of air transport in the European North-East of the Russian Federation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
A.N. Kiselenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Fomina ◽  
A.A. Sheveleva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
North East ◽  
European North ◽  
The Russian Federation

scholarly journals STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE REGIONAL COOPERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Yijun Cheng ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Far East ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
North East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state and prospects of Russian-Chinese regional cooperation, a historical overview of the main stages of more than a decade of Sino-Russian regional cooperation, which starts since the signing of the “Plan of Cooperation between the North-East of the People's Republic of China and the Far East of the Russian Federation and Eastern Siberia (2009-2018)” in 2009. The article considers the development of the Northeast region as a key national strategy of China, and the development of the Far East and Eastern Siberia as an important aspect of Russian policy; it analyses the policy documents of the Chinese Government aimed at making the North-East region an internationally competitive industrial base for the production of equipment, new raw materials and energy resources, vital commodities and agricultural production, as well as important national technologies; here is characterized by the federal target program for the economic and social development of the Far East and Transbaikalia approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and the “Strategy for the socio-economic development of the Far East and the Baikal region until 2025”, as well as the “Plan for cooperation between the northeast region of the People's Republic of China and the Far East and Eastern Siberia of the Russian Federation”, where regional cooperation is positioned as a logical choice for economic development. The article analyzes the results of regional cooperation: the construction of infrastructure and transport facilities connecting the ports of the two parties, the construction of industrial complexes, cooperation in the field of forestry and agriculture, etc. The article comments on the main problems of Sino-Russian regional cooperation and ways to solve them, defines the prospects for the development of this cooperation in the context of the “Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on cooperation to combine the construction of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Silk Road Economic Belt”. The article concludes that in today's highly developed Sino-Russian strategic partnership, regional cooperation is very important for further strengthening economic ties between the two countries, deepening mutual understanding between the two peoples and promoting the comprehensive development of bilateral relations.

scholarly journals High Frequency and Activity of Glossina spp., Vectors of Human African Trypanosomiasis along a Secondary Forest-Man Made Transect in Makokou (North East-Gabon)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zinga-Koumba Christophe Roland ◽  
Sevidzem Silas Lendzele ◽  
Affiri Odzame Joseph-Marie ◽  
Mounioko Franck ◽  
Koumba Armel Aubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Human African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
North East ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Village

The abundance, species diversity and diurnal activity rhythm of hematophagous glossineswere evaluated by trapping using 15 Vavoua traps, during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct to 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in two habitats: secondary forest and Anthropised milieu, in the biosphere reserve Ipassa-IRET Makokou in Gabon. In total, 489 glossines were caught  with 245 collected from Village-Town site and regrouped under 4 species [G.p.palpalis (32.17%), G. frezili (36.23%), G. nashi (29.57%) and G. f. fuscipes (2.03%)] while 244 were collected from forest and regrouped under 3 species [G.p.palpalis (61.48%), G. nashi (28.69%) and G. frezili (0.84%)]. The abundance of glossines was higher in the Village-Town milieu (2.88 g/t/d) as compared to the forest (2.34 g/t/d) with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Glossines showed a unimodal diurnal activity rhythm with peak between 10h-12h in the two milieu and was dominated by females.

scholarly journals Epizootic situation on IRT of cattle in the territory of the Moscow and Tver regions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Pchelnikov ◽  
E.R. Safina ◽  
S.P. Yatsentyuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
South West ◽  
The Status ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Farms

Currently, despite all the measures taken by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the Rosselkhoznadzor to regionalize the territory of the Russian Federation for infectious animal diseases, the status of subjects for many of them has not yet been determined. As of March 09, 2021, the status of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis has not been determined for 69 subjects of the country, including for the Moscow and Tver regions. At the same time, the official veterinary literature indicates the widespread distribution of cattle IRT in our country. In fact, the current epizootic situation for this disease both on the territory of the whole country and in individual subjects remains unknown. In this paper, we tried to clarify the epizootic situation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in the Moscow and Tver regions of the Russian Federation using active monitoring methods. As a result of sample studies in farms located on the territory of these regions, it was found that the results of serological studies do not always correlate with the status of vaccination of animals. In some farms, animals are vaccinated against cattle IRT, however, the results of serological studies in these farms indicate that the young animals in these farms are not immune to IRT. This fact clearly indicates the weak effectiveness of anti-epizootic measures aimed at specific prevention of infectious rhinotracheitis of cattle in individual livestock farms and the lack of a unified approach to the organization of this issue as a whole. Nevertheless, we found that the livestock farms in which the circulation of the cattle IRT virus is registered are not evenly located on the territory of the surveyed regions. Such farms are located in the north, north-west, south-west and east of the Moscow Region. In the Tver region - in the south-west, north-west, north-east and east of the region.

The impact of livestock grazing on the persistence of a perennial forb in a temperate Australian grassland

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Dorrough ◽  
Julian Ash
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Recent Occurrence ◽  
The Impact

The presence of perennial plant species in grazed habitats may be an imperfect predictor of their long-term ability to persist under grazing by livestock. This is particularly the case in landscapes where grazing by livestock is a relatively recent occurrence or where management practices are leading to intensification of grazing. This paper investigates the impacts of grazing on the native perennial inter-tussock forb Leptorhynchos elongatus (Asteraceae) in grasslands on the Monaro Tablelands of New South Wales. Although the species persists in grazed habitats, exclosures indicate that current grazing management can lead to severe depletion of seed, largely due to selective removal of flowers and seed heads by livestock. A population model suggests that under current grazing management, population growth rates may be negative. Removal of livestock during flowering and seed set may assist long-term persistence of this species in grazed habitats. Despite almost 200 years of livestock grazing on the Monaro Tablelands, recent intensification of grazing management could result in the future loss of some plant species in grazed habitats.

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