scholarly journals Experimental Research of the Coagulation Process of Exhaust Gases under the Influence of Ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. B288-B298
Author(s):  
Adil S. Kadyrov ◽  
Bauyrzhan K. Sarsembekov ◽  
Aleksandr A. Ganyukov ◽  
Zhanara Z. Zhunusbekova ◽  
Kuanysh N. Alikarimov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Ultrasonic Radiation ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Ultrasonic Cleaning ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Experimental Stand

The authors propose the use of ultrasonic radiation to clean the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines of the solid particles. An experimental stand and research results are presented, proving the possibility and efficiency of using the process of ultrasonic cleaning of exhaust gases due to the process of the solid particles coagulation. The authors received a corresponding patent, the efficiency of which has been proven by results of the conducted research.

scholarly journals On the issue of reducing the negative impact of nitrogen oxides in the system recirculation of diesel exhaust gases on applying the vortex effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Irina Belinskaia ◽  
Rahim Zainetdinov ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Vortex Effect

The problem of negative impact on the environment of motor transport is one of the most fundamental in the complex of global problems. The constant increase in the number of cars with internal combustion engines encourages the search for methods and ways to reduce the volume of negative impulses. The operation of heat engines is accompanied by significant emissions of gaseous harmful substances into the atmosphere, i.e. nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, as well as solid particles, including soot. The solution to this problem should be implemented within the framework of a systematic approach. To do this, it is necessary to combine the study of technical, economic, and organizational approaches to the organization of the exhaust gas disposal process. To date, there is a significant methodological base in the field of organizational and economic decisions. The article discusses various methods of cleaning exhaust gases of piston engines, their advantages and disadvantages are noted. The method of processing using ammonia is widely known. It is noted that a catalytic method for reducing nitrogen oxides using ammonia is quite economical. However, the optimal temperature range at which nitrogen oxides are reduced is rather narrow. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the vortex effect in the exhaust system. The efficiency of using a vortex gas recirculation pipe is due to its significant influence on the thermal gasdynamic processes occurring in the exhaust system. Using the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics allows us to take into account dissipative processes when establishing the relationship of fuel and economic indicators of internal combustion engines with thermodynamic parameters. This significantly increases the accuracy of calculations and allows you to develop measures to reduce the level of negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Reduction of the Negative Impact on the Environment By Optimizing the Combustion Process in Diesel Engines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Barinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases

The article considers the problem of the negative impact of the exhaust gases of diesel internal combustion engines on the environment and human health. The types of organization of the ignition process and the process of fuel combustion in a diesel engine are considered. The reasons for the occurrence of increased particulate matter in internal combustion engines in exhaust gases are also described. The main factors affecting the delay of ignition are given. The main stages of soot formation in diesel internal combustion engines are described. The influence of temperature distribution in the jets of injected fuel and the dependence of emissions on the coefficient of excess air are considered. As a result, the main conclusions are given on ensuring the reduction of solid particles in the exhaust gases of diesel engines by optimizing the combustion process.

Contamination of the intake air of internal combustion engines of motor vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-64
Author(s):  
Sebastian Dominik Dziubak
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Atmospheric Air

The paper presents the composition of atmospheric air as a mixture of gases that make up the solid and variable components, and the definitions of air pollutants are referenced. Gaseous and solid pollutants (dust) of the atmospheric air have been defined. Dusts were divided according to various criteria and their properties were given. Exemplary courses of immission of the fraction of solid particles are given, indicating a strong dependence of the immission on the seasons, days of the week and day and night. The sources and characteristics of artificial and natural pollutants in the atmospheric air are presented. It has been shown that the main sources of anthropogenic pollution in addition to industry and the automotive industry. Cars are a source of gaseous and particulate pollutants PM, and they also emit pollution from brake and clutch lining wear, as well as from tire and road wear. The main sources of natural air pollution were discussed, including volcanic eruptions, fires in landfills, forests, steppes and sand storms, as well as mineral dust (road dust) carried from the ground by vehicles. The properties of road dust are discussed: chemical and fractional composition, density, dust concentration in the air. It has been shown that the two basic components of the dust, silica and corundum, whose share in dust reaches 95%, also have the highest hardness, which may have a decisive influence on the wear of engine components. Various valuesof dust concentration in the air were presented depending on the type and condition of the ground and the conditions of use of vehicles. Keywords: mechanical engineering, internal combustion engines, air pollution sources, road dust

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF MUFFLER S DESIGN FOR REDUCTION OF THE LEVEL OF SOUND PRESSURE ON SMALL TRACTORS OPERATORS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Podolsky ◽  
◽  
I. Y. Lilevman ◽  
O. Y. Lilevman ◽  
O. Y. Kedrovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Noise Absorption ◽  
Made In

Noise background, as an important factor in the working conditions of agricultural operators, has a direct impact on human health and productivity. This topic is especially relevant for small tractors, which in most cases are not equipped with cabs. One of the main means of reducing the sound pressure on the operator are the mufflers of exhaust gases, which mainly have a labyrinth-absorbing type of action. The paper proposes a fundamental approach to the design of the muffler by the criterion of reflection and scattering of sound waves with the verification of efficiency by computer simulation. The purpose of research: - to improve the working conditions of operators of small tractors that are not equipped with cabs, by reducing the sound pressure level from internal combustion engines; - to improve the noise-absorbing properties of mufflers of exhaust gases of engines with observance of requirements to manufacturability of process of their manufacturing; - to develop a structural scheme of the exhaust gases muffler based on the results of preliminary modeling and analysis of the trajectory of the gas flow in the cavity of its working part. Methods. Determination of the sound pressure level of the engine of a small tractor by mathematical (computer) modeling of the behavior of the exhaust gas flow in the muffler cavity in different frequency ranges. Results. The article analyzes the main sources of noise during the operation of agricultural machinery with internal combustion engines (ICE). On the basis of literature sources and methods, their separate degree of influence on the complex picture of noise pollution of the working space of the operator of a small tractor is established. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of mufflers, created on the generally accepted principles and approaches to the design of such devices. According to the results of previous tests, shortcomings and limitations in the application of design concepts were identified, an additional analysis of external causes and factors was made, and adjustments were made to the method of creating muffler designs. An alternative design approach to the creation of internal combustion engine mufflers of small tractors is proposed and computer modeling of the processes of sound pressure distribution and sound waves in their cavity is performed. Conclusions. 1. A layout diagram of the design of the exhaust muffler, containing a resonator chamber and a shell module, which is made in the form of a three-stage ribbed diffuser of oscillations of the exhaust flow pulses with an additional surface layer of the vibration absorber. The parameters of the exhaust flow of exhaust gases of a typical diesel engine of a small tractor with a capacity of 24 hp are calculated. (pressure - 11652 Pa, acceleration – 90-105 m / s2, frequency - 1950-3300 Hz), which performed computer simulations of the process of gas movement in the muffler cavity of the proposed layout. Optimal design parameters were selected to ensure the maximum possible noise absorption with a body diameter of 150 mm and a length of 600 mm. The calculated sound pressure when working at the crankshaft speed (1700-2000) rpm does not exceed 72 dB. At the same time, the design of the muffler is made in compliance with the requirements for economic feasibility, manufacturability and in accordance with the capabilities of industrial production. A further direction of research is the manufacture of an experimental sample of the muffler and testing for the efficiency of its noise absorption in the conditions of operation of small tractors.

scholarly journals Comparative Parameters Evaluation of Internal Combustion Engines Naturally Aspired and Supercharged With Hybrid Turbocharger

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiriac Rares ◽  
Anghel Chiru
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Technical Solutions

Abstract Internal combustion engines have an operating efficiency that can be exploited to increase their performance. Some of the waste gases can be recovered through technical solutions such as turbocharging. The turbocharging solution is one of the most popular technical solutions for increasing the energy performance of internal combustion engines. This requires an analysis of the energy balance of the internal combustion engine. This shows that there is a significant reserve of energy in the exhaust gases, which can be used to increase the engine efficiency. One solution is to use this energy to drive a turbine coupled with an electric generator. This article aims to present the result of the experimental research of the hybrid turbocharger, simulating and validating the new solutions for increasing the energy performance of internal combustion engines through hybrid turbochargers using a coupled electric generator. The simulations will be performed using AMESim software developed by Siemens to demonstrate through calculations the efficiency of new solutions, such as a hybrid turbocharger. The tests will be performed using an diesel internal combustion engine with a cylinder capacity of 1.9 liters which is also simulated with AMESim software. The residual exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine will drive the hybrid turbocharger turbine and generate electricity. Electricity can then be used for storage in the car battery or for consumption by the car's electrical system. The article also includes a comparative study between the power and torque of the naturally aspirated internal combustion engine equipped with a hybrid turbocharger.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF QUALITY CONTROL RESTORATION OF SMALL-SIZED ENGINES

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Yuriy Paladiychuk ◽  
Inna Telyatnuk
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Functional Scheme

Mechanization of labor on small farms and individual farms is a very important issue of modern agriculture. The use of small agricultural machinery with a capacity of up to 16 kW is quite relevant today. Small-sized machinery is divided into: small 4-wheeled tractors, 2-wheeled motoblocks, cultivators, machines and equipment. With the help of this technique perform various agricultural and other types of work in crop production, horticulture, gardening on small plots, livestock and more. Despite its rather small size, small equipment also has various mechanisms that fail over time. Most often, the parts of the internal combustion engine fail. In general, the cost of repairing the internal combustion engine during operation may exceed the total cost of the engine by 5-6 times. Thus, there is a question of improving the system of technical service of engines of small tractors. This article considers the issue of increasing the efficiency of operation of internal combustion engines for small tractors, due to the effective conduct of after-sales or post-repair running-in and improving the maintenance system. Types of small-sized equipment are presented. The analysis of possible loading and speed modes of cold and hot running-in of internal combustion engines and means for their realization is carried out. Technical means for running-in and testing of internal combustion engines are analyzed. The following formulas are given for determination: smoke of exhaust gases at running-in of engines; light transmission of exhaust gases; speed control range; load torque; the content of harmful substances (Q) in the exhaust gases on the j-th components. The necessity of bench running-in of engines of small-sized agricultural machinery is substantiated. The functional scheme of the stand for running-in and testing of internal combustion engines is considered. The stages of cold and hot running-in of small-sized engines are described. With the help of the received information, the results are made and the analysis of methods of running-in of internal combustion engines of small-sized agricultural machinery is carried out.

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