Acute Toxicity Test of Jatropha curcas L.  on Nile Tilapia Seeds  (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

ABSTRACT The study investigating acute toxicity test of Jatropha curcas L. on Nile tilapia seeds (Oreochromis niloticus L.), had been conducted in May 2017, in Balai Riset Perikanan dan Perairan Umum (BRPPU) Mariana, Banyuasin. This study was aimed to determine the concentration of Jatropha curcas seed powder needed to cause 50% death of Nile tilapia seeds (LT50). This acute toxicity test used biological test with exposure time of 96 hours. The concentrations of Jatropha curcas tested were 0 (control), 240, 288, 346, 415, 498, 597, and 716 ppm which were applied for 96 hours. Data were analyzed using Spearman-Karber method with SPSS. Result showed LC50 of 24 hours was 551,271 ppm, LC50 of 48 hours was 466,513 ppm, and LC50 of 96 hours was 393,892 ppm. Meanwhile, LT50 for 597 ppm of Jatropha curcas was 1285, 166 minutes, and LT50 for 761 ppm was 784,121 minutes. The higher the concentration of Jatropha curcas seeds given the fastest time needed to cause the death of Nile tilapia seeds, Jatropha curcas seeds had moderate toxicity. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Jatropha curcas L., Biological test, Oreochromis niloticus L

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Uji Toksisitas Akut Dalam Penentuan LC50-96H Insektisida Klorpirifos Terhadap Dua Jenis Ikan Budidaya Danau Kembar, Sumatera Barat

Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan ◽

10.14710/jil.16.1.98-103 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 98 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Taufiq Ihsan ◽

Tivany Edwin ◽

Nailul Husni ◽

Widia Detiari Rukmana

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Test Method ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

Static Test

ABSTRAKPenggunaan insektisida klorpirifos mencapai 99,8% oleh petani di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Fungsi utama klorpirifos dalam pertanian adalah melindungi tanaman jagung, kapas dan buah-buahan terhadap hama serangga. Klorpirifos yang telah disemprotkan ke tanaman, berpotensi terbilas oleh air dan mengalir ke wilayah perairan sehingga dapat mencemari ekosistem perairan. Salah satu biota perairan adalah ikan. Tak terkecuali kegiatan pertanian dan perkebunan di Kawasan Danau Kembar (Danau Di Ateh dan Danau Di Bawah), Sumatera Barat. Klorpirifos yang biasa digunakan para petani di kawasan ini adalah merk Dursban. Konsentrasi klorpirifos terdeteksi sebesar 0,007 mg/L di perairan danau tempat melakukan budidaya ikan. Jenis ikan yang biasa dibudidayakan di Danau Kembar adalah Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio L) dan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji toksisitas akut dan menganalisis nilai LC50-96h insektisida klorpirifos dengan menggunakan hewan uji dua jenis ikan budidaya tersebut pada skala laboratorium. Penentuan nilai LC50-96h mengacu pada Metode USEPA. Jumlah hewan uji untuk masing-masing jenis ikan adalah 240 ekor dengan umur ± 1 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua kali pengulangan dengan metode static test. Uji toksisitas akut ini meliputi uji pendahuluan dan uji dasar. Pengujian berlangsung dalam kondisi fisik air sesuai batas yang diizinkan untuk pemeliharaan ikan budidaya yaitu pH 6 – 9, DO minimal 3 mg/L dan suhu 25 – 30 oC. Hasil penelitian uji toksisitas akut ini diperoleh nilai LC50-96h dengan menggunakan Metode Probit sebesar 0,03 mg/L (ikan mas) dan 0,08 mg/L (ikan nila). Berdasarkan nilai LC50-96h yang diperoleh, klorpirifos termasuk kategori sangat toksik, sehingga monitoring terhadap penggunaan insektisida ini sangat diperlukan.Kata kunci: Danau Kembar, Ikan Mas, Ikan Nila, Klorpirifos, LC50-96h, Toksisitas Akut.ABSTRACTThe use of chlorpyrifos insecticide reached 99.8% by farmers in West Sumatera Province. The main function of chlorpyrifos in agriculture is to protect corn, cotton and fruit trees against insect pests. Chlorpyrifos that have been sprayed into plants, potentially flushed by water and flowed into the water body so as to pollute the aquatic ecosystems. One of the aquatic biota is the fish. No exception agricultural and plantation activities in the area of Twin Lakes (Di Ateh Lake and Di Bawah Lake), West Sumatra. Chlorpyrifos commonly used by farmers in this region is the brand Dursban. Measurements of chlorpyrifos concentration was 0.007 mg/L in the waters of the lake where fish cultivation. Types of fish commonly cultivated in Twin Lakes are Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). This study aims to perform the acute toxicity test and analyze the value of LC50-96h chlorpyrifos insecticide by using the test animals of two species of fish cultivation on the laboratory scale. The determination of the LC50-96h value refers to the USEPA Method. The number of test animals for each species of fish is 240 with an age of ± 1 month. The study was conducted with two repetitions using static test method. These acute toxicity tests include preliminary and baseline tests. The test takes place in the physical condition of the water according to the permitted limits for the maintenance of the aquaculture fish ie pH 6 - 9, DO at least 3 mg/L and temperature 25 - 30oC. The results of this acute toxicity test obtained LC50-96h value using Probit Method of 0.03 mg/L (carp) and 0.08 mg/L (tilapia). Based on the value of LC50-96h obtained, chlorpyrifos is a highly toxic category, so monitoring of the use of insecticides is important.Keywords: Twin Lakes, Common carp, Nile tilapia, Chlorpyrifos, LC50-96h, Acute ToxicityCitation: Ihsan, T., Edwin, T., Husni, N., dan Rukmana, W.D. (2018). Uji Toksisitas Akut dalam Penentuan LC50-96h Insektisida Klorpirifos terhadap Dua Jenis Ikan Budidaya Danau Kembar, Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(1), 98-103, doi:10.14710/jil.16.1.98-103

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Uji Toksisitas Akut Air Limbah Industri Sasirangan Terhadap Ikan Nila (Oreochromis Niloticus)

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.31964/jkl.v16i1.131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 733

Author(s):

Akhmad Yafi Kusuma ◽

Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽

Hardiono Hardiono

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Water Body ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Industrial Effluent ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Ammonia Content

Abstract: Toxicity Test Of Acute Industrial Waste Water On Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis Niloticus). The sasirangan industrial liquid wastes containing high ammonia and high pH when discharged into the receiving water body without treatment will result in changes in water quality and even the death of aquatic biota so that an acute toxicity test is necessary. This study aims to determine the value of LC50 from waste sasirangan against tilapiaI. This research used the experimental method of Post Control Only Control Group Design design. Samples taken as much as 100 liters of waste in one industry sasirangan existing in the city of Banjarmasin. Concentrations of the sasirangan waste solution to be used in the acute toxicity test are: 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%. Parameters studied include ammonia, DO, pH, and temperature. To determine the value of LC50 using probit analysis. The results showed that LC50 for exposure time 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were 14.73%, 10.21%, 8.26%, and 7.35%, respectively. The results of the analysis show that pH and ammonia content of industrial effluent sasirangan affect the death of tilapia fish. This research is hoped that the sasirangan industry does not dispose of its waste directly to the water body but needs to process it first. For further research it can complement the untested parameters such as BOD, COD, and TSS that affect fish survival.

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Effects of atrazine and alachlor on self-purification processes in receiving streams

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0095 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 181-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jana Zagorc-Koncan

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

Organic Substances ◽

Inhibiting Effect ◽

Scenedesmus Subspicatus ◽

Net Assimilation ◽

Chlorophyll A Content

In recent years many waterways in Slovenia have been subjected to an increased loading with pesticides due to intensification of agriculture. The most widely used herbicides are atrazine and alachlor and they were detected in some rivers and even in ground water. Therefore the effects of atrazine and alachlor on selfpurification processes were investigated. The basic selfpurification processes studied were biodegradation of organic substances and photosynthesis and growth of algae. The inhibiting effect of pesticides on the process of biodegradation of organic pollutants was evaluated by the use of laboratory river model and mathematical modelling. The harmful impacts of pesticides on aquatic autotrophic organisms were assessed by measurement of net assimilation inhibition (24-h acute toxicity test) as well as growth inhibition - chlorophyll- a content (72-h chronic toxicity test) of algae Scenedesmus subspicatus. The results obtained demonstrate that atrazine and alachlor in concentrations found in our rivers have practically no effect on biodegrading heterotrophic organisms, while their adverse effect on algae is quite considerable.

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Dying for change: A roadmap to refine the fish acute toxicity test after 40 years of applying a lethal endpoint

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

pp. 112585

Author(s):

Ioanna Katsiadaki ◽

Tim Ellis ◽

Linda Andersen ◽

Philipp Antczak ◽

Ellen Blaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Acute Toxicity Test

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Ceriofast™: An acute toxicity test based onCeriodaphnia dubiafeeding behavior

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ◽

10.1002/etc.5620150208 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 123-125

Author(s):

Gabriel Bitton ◽

Kimberly Rhodes ◽

Ben Koopman

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Acute Toxicity Test

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Study on the Safety of Mineral and Synthetic Oil Added Commonly Used Extreme Pressure Additives

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1386 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 430-432 ◽

pp. 1386-1389

Author(s):

Zhuo Jun Chen ◽

Long Long Feng ◽

Bao Liang Li ◽

Jin Jin Yue ◽

Ying Liang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Mineral Oil ◽

Stimulation Test ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

Base Oil ◽

Synthetic Oil ◽

Four Levels ◽

Oral Acute Toxicity

This article use the Sulphide Isobutene (T321), Five Sufides Dialkyl(RC2540) and Star of Phosphorus(P110) as the additives,Neopentyl Polyol Ester(NPE) and mineral oil N32 as base oil. Compound above additives and base oil for the four levels. A sample: adding 4% T321 additive in NPE. B sample: adding 4% T321 additive in N32. C sample: adding 4% RC2540 additive in NPE. D sample: adding RC2540, T321 and P110 additives in NPE (all is mass fraction). The oral acute toxicity test, eye mucous stimulation test, skin hypersensitive test, soaking tail toxicity tests were conducted in above samples. The test results show that. The mineral oil, it’s not only toxic then synthetic oil but also has a poor lubricating ability compare with the same percent additive in synthetic oil. In oral acute toxicity test, eye mucous stimulation test, skin hypersensitive test, soaking tail toxicity tests, Toxic reaction of mineral N32+4%wt Sulphide Isobutene (T321) obviously from other oil samples.

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Acute toxicity test for the ethanolic extract of the white oyster mushroom

Medical Technology and Environmental Health ◽

10.1201/9781003016700-9 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-43

Author(s):

S.B. Rahimah ◽

Y. Kharisma ◽

M.K. Dewi ◽

J. Hartati ◽

W. Maharani

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Oyster Mushroom ◽

Acute Toxicity Test

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Evaluation on Toxicity Level of Terminalia catappa Leaves Extract on Selected Cyprinids under Different Bath Concentrations

Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science ◽

10.47836/pjtas.43.4.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Emi Fazlina Hashim ◽

Irence John ◽

Intan Faraha A Ghani ◽

Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Safety Margin ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Time Interval ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

High Concentration ◽

Terminalia Catappa ◽

Cyprinid Species ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus

This study aimed to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) of Terminalia catappa leaves extract on three cyprinid species; carp (Cyprinus carpio), goldfish (Carassius auratus) and tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) through the acute toxicity test. The leaves of T. catappa were extracted with methanol and prepared in various immersion concentrations (40, 80, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 mg/L). These extracts were immersed in the aquarium and left for 24 h before performing the acute toxicity test. The water quality was also analyzed before and after adding the extract immersions into the aquarium. The acute toxicity test conducted for 96 h with 10 fishes of each cyprinid species (4.0-6.0 cm length) in 30 L water capacity aquarium. The mortality of each cyprinid species was recorded at 24 h time interval and LC50 of the extracts throughout 96 hours was determined through the probit analysis application. Specifically, the LC50 of T. catappa leaves extract were 349.89, 338.65 and 318.48 mg/L exhibited for carp, goldfish and tiger barb, respectively. A high concentration range of any plant-based extract has the potential to become toxic to particular fishes. Thus, it is an effort from this study to identify the safety margin of T. catappa leaves extract before its therapeutic values can be further manipulated and elucidated in aquaculture research.

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Acute Toxicity Investigation of Landfill Leachates Treated with Fine Bubbles

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.41.55 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 55-65

Author(s):

Hikmat Kasmara ◽

Desti Pratiwi ◽

Sundoro Yoga Azhary ◽

Eko Sulistyo ◽

Camellia Panatarani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Acute Toxicity Test ◽

Landfill Leachates ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Fine Bubble ◽

Before And After

Landfill Leachates is one of the pollutants containing high organic matter and heavy metal which can cause toxic pollution to water due to less than optimal leachate processing. This study aims to introduce fine bubbles treatment to the leachate processing technology at the waste treatment facility at Sarimukti, West Java Indonesia. The toxicity test was conducted in the acute toxicity test and test for D. magna. The acute toxicity test was carried out using a static biological test according to APHA standards (1995). The LC50-48 hours ware calculates using the Finney Probit Analysis Software. The results showed that the effectiveness of Sarimukti TPA leachate treatment was 97.5% DO, 71% BOD, 86% TDS, and 74.8% turbidity. The XRF spectra on the leachate after fine bubble found a recovery of heavy metal elements such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, and Sn. Based on the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation, the effectiveness of leachate processing has reached the safe standard limit for pH, mercury, cadmium parameters. The acute toxicity of leachate before and after treatment fine bubble was 14.516 ppm and 11.178 ppm. The acute toxicity of leachate is considered almost non-toxic.

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