scholarly journals Fashion, Feminisme dan Hubungan Internasional : Perdebatan dalam Literatur

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Ani Soetjipto ◽  
Ayu Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Pop Culture ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Representation

Artikel ini akan membahas bagaimana fashion dikaji melalui kaca mata feminis dalam studi Hubungan Internasional. Artikel ini hadir dengan melihat fashion sebagai salah satu produk dari pop culture, telah berperan signifikan dalam mendorong upaya pencapaian kepentingan suatu aktor politik—terutama sebagai alat konstruksi identitas. Kajian ini juga mendorong perkembangan kajian mengenai pop culture dalam studi Hubungan Internasional. Bahasan dibuka dengan menyajikan perdebatan literatur mengenai fashion dan feminisme. kemudian dilanjut dengan bagaimana narasi perdebatan tersebut dijabarkan dalam konteks Hubungan Internasional. Selanjutnya, melihat masalah fashion, feminisme dan Hubungan Internasional dalam konteks Indonesia dari segi produksi dan konsumsi.  Artikel ini menawarkan perspektif baru dalam melihat fashion sebagai second-order representation dari politik internasional yang berdampak pada isu di ranah domestik.

scholarly journals Camp and Pop: David Bowie, Oskar Schlemmer, Madonna and Janelle Monáe

Text Matters ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Kathrin Dreckmann
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Pop Culture ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Susan Sontag ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
And Performance

While contemporary pop culture is nowadays considered part of the cultural mainstream, its practices of codification and its use and circulation of signifiers are still shaped by its roots in counterculture. This leads to a second order esthetic that reflects upon mass culture and subverts it by means of transgression and rearrangement. This essay argues that this subversive logic of reference is closely linked to what Susan Sontag has described as “camp.” While doing so it not only sheds light on the aspect of subversion and identity building, but also on the aspect of performance and staging that plays an important role for camp, as well as pop culture and its play with artificiality and authenticity. As a consequence the concept of camp is used to examine the practice and performance of artists like David Bowie, Madonna, Christina Aguilera and Janelle Monáe, and finding structural similarity in their practice and production, which uncovers a tendency towards apersonal self-historization which is typical for pop and is closely linked to its ability to generate new meanings out of materials that stem from other contexts originally.

scholarly journals An optogenetic analogue of second-order reinforcement in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 20190084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian König ◽  
Afshin Khalili ◽  
Thomas Niewalda ◽  
Shiqiang Gao ◽  
Bertram Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Kenyon Cells ◽  
Subsequent Choice ◽  
Ascending Pathways ◽  
Order Representation ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Reduced Activity

In insects, odours are coded by the combinatorial activation of ascending pathways, including their third-order representation in mushroom body Kenyon cells. Kenyon cells also receive intersecting input from ascending and mostly dopaminergic reinforcement pathways. Indeed, in Drosophila , presenting an odour together with activation of the dopaminergic mushroom body input neuron PPL1-01 leads to a weakening of the synapse between Kenyon cells and the approach-promoting mushroom body output neuron MBON-11. As a result of such weakened approach tendencies, flies avoid the shock-predicting odour in a subsequent choice test. Thus, increased activity in PPL1-01 stands for punishment , whereas reduced activity in MBON-11 stands for predicted punishment . Given that punishment-predictors can themselves serve as punishments of second order, we tested whether presenting an odour together with the optogenetic silencing of MBON-11 would lead to learned odour avoidance, and found this to be the case. In turn, the optogenetic activation of MBON-11 together with odour presentation led to learned odour approach. Thus, manipulating activity in MBON-11 can be an analogue of predicted, second-order reinforcement.

Second-Order Representation of Signals

1984 ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. H. J. Aertsen ◽  
P. I. M. Johannesma ◽  
J. Bruijns ◽  
P. W. M. Koopman
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Order Representation

Laguerre-Gramian-based structure-preserving model order reduction for second-order form systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 014233122110507
Author(s):  
Liu Dai ◽  
Zhi-Hua Xiao ◽  
Ren-Zheng Zhang ◽  
Yao-Lin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Model Order Reduction ◽  
Order Reduction ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Model Order ◽  
Structure Preserving ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Form ◽  
Order Representation

A new structure-preserving model order reduction technique based on Laguerre-Gramian for second-order form systems is presented in this article. The main task of the proposed approach is to use the Laguerre polynomial expansion of the matrix exponential function to obtain the approximate low-rank decomposition of the Gramians for the equivalent first-order representation of the original second-order form system. The approximate balanced system is generated by a balancing transformation which is directly computed from the expansion coefficients of impulse responses in the space spanned by Laguerre polynomials, without computing the full Gramians for the first-order representation. Then, the reduced second-order model is constructed by truncating the states with small approximate Hankel singular values (HSVs). The above method has a disadvantage that it may unexpectedly result in unstable systems although the original one is stable. Therefore, modified reduction procedure combined with the dominant subspace projection method is presented to alleviate the limitation. Finally, two numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms.

scholarly journals “You keep telling us different things, what do we believe?”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-48
Author(s):  
Andreas Musolff
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
Criminal Charge ◽  
Order Representation ◽  
The One ◽  
A Charge

Abstract Quotation and reflective interpretation of previous statements are common features in police interviews. Of particular importance is the uncovering of apparent contradictions between earlier and current responses in interviews of suspects. Conflicting statements can be used by officers as triggers to elicit new responses that explain inconsistencies. In linguistic pragmatics, such reflective commenting on utterances is categorised as metacommunication, i.e. ‘communication about communication’, which includes metarepresentation, i.e. second-order representation of another representation through some form of quotation. Such instances of metacommunication are key instances of negotiating the communicative interests of its chief participants, which in suspect interviews consist on the one hand in the interviewers’ purpose of establishing grounds for a potential criminal charge and, on the other hand, the interviewee’s interest in avoiding such a charge. This article analyses exemplary cases of metacommunication in multilingual police interviews from the perspective of quotation pragmatics. The results suggest that police interview training should pay special attention to this area in order to optimise cognitive results.

Disappearance Voltage Determinations Using a Convergent Beam

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
W. L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Objective Method ◽  
Uniform Thickness ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
Crystal Perfection ◽  
Kikuchi Line ◽  
Central Maximum ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Technique

Disappearance voltages for second order reflections can be determined experimentally in a variety of ways. The more subjective methods, such as Kikuchi line disappearance and bend contour imaging, involve comparing a series of diffraction patterns or micrographs taken at intervals throughout the disappearance range and selecting that voltage which gives the strongest disappearance effect. The estimated accuracies of these methods are both to within 10 kV, or about 2-4%, of the true disappearance voltage, which is quite sufficient for using these voltages in further calculations. However, it is the necessity of determining this information by comparisons of exposed plates rather than while operating the microscope that detracts from the immediate usefulness of these methods if there is reason to perform experiments at an unknown disappearance voltage.The convergent beam technique for determining the disappearance voltage has been found to be a highly objective method when it is applicable, i.e. when reasonable crystal perfection exists and an area of uniform thickness can be found. The criterion for determining this voltage is that the central maximum disappear from the rocking curve for the second order spot.

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