A study of structural and functional status of vocal cords with stroboscope in vocal cord pathologies

Objectives The lesion distribution of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) during first-time surgery has been rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomical distribution of papilloma across 25 Derkay sites during initial surgery and to assess the impact of the lesion distribution on disease severity. Methods Surgical videos and medical records of 106 patients with JORRP (27 aggressive and 79 nonaggressive cases) were retrospectively reviewed. Lesion locations were recorded using Derkay anatomical sites. Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of the lesion distribution on disease severity. Results Among the 106 patients, the true vocal cords (90.6% left, 84.0% right) were the most frequently involved site, followed by the false vocal cords (39.6% left, 35.8% right) and the anterior commissure (26.4%). Two patients (1.9%) had tracheal involvement. Patients with false vocal cord involvement (odds ratio [OR] = 3.425, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.285, 9.132], P = .014) and a younger age at diagnosis (OR = .698, 95% CI [.539, .905], P = .007) were more likely to require more than 4 procedures in the year following first-time surgery. Conclusions Lesions were most common on the true vocal cords. False vocal cord involvement and a younger age at diagnosis were risk factors for disease severity.

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Influence of human vocal cord movements on airflow and resistance during eupnea

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1982.52.3.773 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 773-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

S. J. England ◽

D. Bartlett ◽

J. A. Daubenspeck

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Respiratory System ◽

Forced Oscillation Technique ◽

Quiet Breathing ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Breathing Motion ◽

Human Volunteers ◽

Respiratory System Resistance ◽

Respiratory Movements

The pattern of respiratory movements of the vocal cords in relation to airflow and respiratory system resistance was assessed in healthy human volunteers during quiet breathing. Motion pictures of the vocal cords were obtained through a fiber-optic laryngoscope inserted transnasally under topical anesthesia. A simultaneous estimate of lung volume was obtained using either rib cage and abdominal magnetometer coils or an integrated pneumotachograph signal. The vocal cords separated during inspiration and moved closer together during the expiratory phase of each breath. The extent of these movements varied greatly among the subjects. Total respiratory system resistance, assessed by the forced oscillation technique, was negatively correlated with distance between the vocal cords when measured at isoflow points in inspiration and expiration. Analysis of breath-by-breath variations in expiratory airflow and vocal cord position revealed that decreases in airflow accompanied decreases in the distance between the vocal cords. The results of this study indicate that the human larynx participates in the regulation of respiratory airflow by providing a variable, controlled resistance.

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Vocal Cord Dysfunction: A Frequently Forgotten Entity

Case Reports in Pulmonology ◽

10.1155/2012/525493 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Campainha ◽

C. Ribeiro ◽

M. Guimarães ◽

R. Lima

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Vocal Cord Dysfunction ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Variable Nature

Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a disorder characterized by unintentional paradoxical adduction of the vocal cords, resulting in episodic shortness of breath, wheezing and stridor. Due to its clinical presentation, this entity is frequently mistaken for asthma. The diagnosis of VCD is made by direct observation of the upper airway by rhinolaryngoscopy, but due to the variable nature of this disorder the diagnosis can sometimes be challenging. We report the case of a 41-year old female referred to our Allergology clinics with the diagnosis of asthma. Thorough investigation revealed VCD as the cause of symptoms.

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Vocal Cord Positioning by Selective Denervation Old Territory Revisited

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948008900611 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Clarence T. Sasaki ◽

Masatoshi Horiuchi ◽

Takestugu Ikari ◽

John A. Kirchner

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Major Determinant ◽

Controversial Issue ◽

Recurrent Nerve ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Nerve Paralysis ◽

Cricothyroid Muscle ◽

Recurrent Nerve Paralysis

Vocal cord positioning produced by selective laryngeal denervation remains a controversial issue in clinical laryngology. Previous studies fail to arrive at uniform conclusions for two important reasons: 1) failure to mark a reference sagittal plane from which to assess the degree of vocal cord lateralization, and 2) failure to recognize the influence of tracheostomy and respiratory positioning of the vocal cords. The present study makes use of photographic and electromyographic documentation in the assessment of the paralyzed cord. Physiologic inactivation of the cricothyroid muscle by tracheostomy is a key determinant of the lateralized cord observed in acute low vagal and recurrent nerve paralysis. Tracheostomy-related cricothyroid inactivation cannot be ignored as a major determinant of cord positioning in paralysis and should not be overlooked in determining the neuroanatomic site of injury.

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Injection and Removal of Teflon for Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949210100118 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 81-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Herbert H. Dedo

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽

Thyroid Cartilage ◽

Indirect Laryngoscopy ◽

Air Leak ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Laryngeal Framework Surgery ◽

The Voice ◽

Major Defect ◽

Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

For over 70 years, reinnervation attempts have been unsuccessful in restoring motion to paralyzed vocal cords, in spite of occasional claims to the contrary. Fortunately, the major defect of unilateral vocal cord paralysis, a soft and breathy voice, can be eliminated if the edge of the paralyzed vocal cord is moved to the midline. This permits the mobile vocal cord to adduct and therefore to vibrate firmly against the edge of the paralyzed vocal cord during phonation, eliminating the air leak between the vocal cords. Teflon injection of the paralyzed vocal cord does this effectively. It is accomplished most easily and reliably via indirect laryngoscopy under local anesthesia, so the effect on the voice can be monitored during the injection. Teflon can be easily removed from the vocal cord via direct laryngoscopy. The disadvantages of trying to medialize the edge of a paralyzed vocal cord via a window in the thyroid cartilage (laryngeal framework surgery) will be discussed.

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Quantitative and Objective Evaluation of Vocal Cord Function

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948309200502 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 92 (5) ◽

pp. 421-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Eugene Rontal ◽

H. John Jacob ◽

Michael Rontal ◽

Michael I. Rolnick

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Vocal Cord Dysfunction ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Vocal Cord Function ◽

Objective Basis ◽

High Degree

Objective and quantitative evaluation of vocal cord function is a goal that has been difficult for voice clinicians to obtain. To be useful as a clinical screening tool it must be easy to perform, it must produce numerical storable data, it must have a high degree of accuracy, and it must be cost-effective. The results of this study have shown that using the perturbation factor and the equipment described, a successful rate of greater than 93% can be obtained in evaluating vocal cord dysfunction. The results further indicate that this equipment can be used much in the same way as an audiogram to follow-up and clinically evaluate on an objective basis the function of the vocal cords.

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Convolutional Neural Networks Based on Raspberry Pi for a Prototype of Vocal Cord Abnormalities Identification

JURNAL INFOTEL ◽

10.20895/infotel.v12i3.487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Hertiana Bethaningtyas D.K. ◽

Muhammad Agfian Fadillah ◽

Lulu Millatina Rachmawati ◽

Maiisy Jahja ◽

Asep Suhendi

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Vocal Cord ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

Test Results ◽

Test Scenario ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Architecture Model ◽

Deep Learning Algorithm ◽

Model Training

This study aims to make a device prototype for identifying vocal cord abnormalities based on Raspberry Pi. This prototype could also classify the abnormalities into seven classes, i.e., cysts, granulomas, nodules, normal, papilloma, paralysis, and no vocal cords. The applied method to classify is a deep learning algorithm, mainly using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In building the CNN model, we used a statistical method to form a model training scenario, also modified the AlexNet architecture model by optimizing the parameters. The optimized parameters in the test scenario obtained 95.35% for accuracy. The CNN model implemented on the Raspberry Pi, and the test results obtained 79.75% for accuracy.

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Bilateral vocal cord paresis as a rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a case report for the attention of endoscopist

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20194951 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1691

Author(s):

Vinota Paniselvam ◽

Ahmad Nordin

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Vocal Cord ◽

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Endoscopic Retrograde ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Present Case Report ◽

Vocal Cord Paresis

Bilateral vocal cord paresis is an extremely rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with no case reported prior to this. We present a case of a 38 years old gentleman who suddenly developed aphonia and aspiration symptoms following ERCP. A rigid laryngoscopy done showed adductor paresis of bilateral vocal cords causing his symptoms, which was presumed to be a complication of the ERCP. He was treated conservatively and clinically improved with time. The present case report emphasizes that bilateral vocal cord paresis could occur as a complication of ERCP.

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Correlation of electroglottograph with vocal cord pathology

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20164416 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shilpa Chandrashekarappa ◽

Sandeep S. ◽

Sandeep Jain ◽

Guruswamy M. ◽

Shivaram T. Shetty

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Vocal Cord Palsy ◽

Mass Lesion ◽

Closing Time ◽

Vocal Cords ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Invasive Method ◽

History Of

Background: Vocal cord disorders are very commonly encountered in ENT Outpatient. Electroglottogram is a non-invasive method for the examination of the vocal fold vibrations. It exerts no influence at all on articulation and production of sound and is cost effective. The aim of the present study was to validate the clinical correlation of electroglottogram in patients presenting with hoarseness of voice. Methods: 30 patients with history of hoarseness of voice and 30 normals were selected from ENT outpatient and inpatient department over a period of 2 years. All subjects underwent detailed ENT history taking, clinical examination, rigid laryngoscopy and electroglottography and results were documented. Results: Electroglottography waveforms of various voice disorders like vocal cord nodule, polyp, papilloma and haemangioma showed specific changes like double peak or notch in closing phase of waveform in case of mass lesion over the vocal cords and fuzzy waveform with prolonged closing time in case of vocal cord palsy. Significant difference was noted in certain electroglottographic parameters for phonated vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ for certain vocal cord disorders. Conclusions: Electroglottograph helps in diagnosing the pathology related to vocal cords, whether it is mass lesion over the vocal cords or vocal cord palsy but to differentiate in between mass lesions, clinical examination has to be done to confirm the diagnosis.

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Dysphonia

10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Aziz Shaibani

Keyword(s):

Myasthenia Gravis ◽

Parkinson Disease ◽

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Vocal Cord ◽

Neuromuscular Disorders ◽

Vocal Cord Palsy ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Vocal Cords

Lack of function or malfunction of the vocal cords are not as common manifestations of neuromuscular disorders as dysarthria. It is typically seen in central diseases such as Parkinson disease. Certain muscle and nerve disorders affect the vocal cords, but in these cases, other features of these diseases make the diagnosis easy. Myasthenia gravis (MG) may present with intermittent hoarseness only early in the course of the disease. Consultation with an ear, nose, throat (ENT) specialist is recommended to characterize the type of cord pathology. Hysterical hoarseness and weakness are not unusual presentations to neuromuscular clinics. Unilateral vocal cord palsy is usually due to recurrent laryngeal nerve pathology.

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