Use of Bodily Tissues in Research – Pacific perspectives from Dunedin, New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Olivia Thompson ◽  
Jon Anderson ◽  
Margaret Chen ◽  
Grace Haack ◽  
Robert Mane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity ◽  
Pacific Community

Introduction Donation of human tissue is essential for biomedical research to improve our understanding of the causes and treatment of diseases. To facilitate this, researchers need to understand what approaches and processes make donation and storage more acceptable for various communities. This study explores the perspectives of Pacific peoples living in Dunedin, New Zealand on the use of human tissues for biomedical research. Methods In April 2018, four focus groups (total of 18 participants) were held with members of the Pacific community in Dunedin. Each group was demographically different, with groups consisting of; elders of mixed ethnicity, university students, medical doctors and one Tongan group of mixed ages. An open-ended questioning style was used, with specific prompts about participant’s perceptions of the purpose and processes for donating tissues for research and things that might make them more or less likely to donate. Findings There were a diverse range of views expressed, reflecting the diversity of participants across different ethnicities and ages. While participant responses varied widely in terms of enthusiasm or caution towards different types of donation, similar themes emerged regarding the importance of detailed informed consent, and respect and trust towards both the donors and/or their tissues. The importance of culture and religion on the attitudes or perspectives towards donation was also highlighted. Finally, it was perceived that donation is likely to be more acceptable if researchers are able to explain why their work is meaningful in a Pacific context and adapt to Pacific situations and/or concerns within the research protocols. Conclusions For Pacific peoples to derive the most benefit from research initiatives it is important that processes to collect human tissue are respectful of cultural protocols and expectations to support participation. This study provides useful information to support the evolution of guidelines within the NZ research context.

scholarly journals Applying New Zealand’s risk tools internationally: Case studies from Samoa and Vanuatu

2020 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Finn Scheele ◽  
Titimanu Simi ◽  
Johnie Tarry Nimau ◽  
Shaun Williams ◽  
Ryan Paulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Loss Modelling

Decision makers require disaster risk management (DRM) tools to better prepare for and respond to emergencies, and for making sound land- use planning decisions. Risk tools need to incorporate multiple hazard and asset types, and have the versatility to adapt to local contexts. RiskScape is a natural hazards impact and loss modelling tool developed to support DRM related decision making in New Zealand. The RiskScape software has benefitted from over 10 years of research and development, and has been used for a diverse range of applications both in New Zealand and internationally. Experience and challenges in applying RiskScape beyond New Zealand are highlighted in this study through the tailoring of RiskScape for Pacific Island countries, as part of the Pacific Risk Tool for Resilience (PARTneR) project. PARTneR is a collaborative project between the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), GNS Science, the disaster management offices of Samoa and Vanuatu, and the Geoscience Division of the Pacific Community. RiskScape is applied through three demonstration case studies for each country, focused on prominent natural hazards.

scholarly journals Supporting successful learning outcomes for secondary Pacific students through home-school relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margaret Flavell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Home School ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
School Practices ◽  
School Structures ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Community

<p>A need to improve learning outcomes for Pacific students has been highlighted by the Ministry of Education in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with the reflection that the education system has not adequately catered for these learners. The development of home-school relationships is recognised by the Ministry as one way of promoting the achievement of Pacific students; closer links with Pacific families are encouraged so that students’ needs may be better met. The aim of this research was to explore how secondary schools could develop relationships with Pacific families and communities in order to support students’ successful learning outcomes.  A qualitative case study, using a grounded theory approach, was employed. An Appreciative Inquiry framework helped guide the research design to facilitate the exploration of how home-school relationships worked well within the context of a New Zealand town, and how they can be enhanced to benefit secondary Pacific learners. A Communities of Practice lens supported analysis; and an appreciation of Pacific relationality was supported by the theoretical frameworks, Teu le va and Talanoa Research Methodology (TRM).  Key findings demonstrate the willingness and expertise from members of the Pacific community to support schools’ endeavours to cater for Pacific learners, helping address any barriers to family engagement. Despite the strong commitment from teachers and school leaders to work more closely and creatively with Pacific families, this study concludes that knowledge and ideas do not always flow freely between home and school. An inherent risk is that schools hold onto decision-making processes although there is a capacity within the Pacific community to offer effective solutions. To alleviate this risk, school structures need to open up to permit a freer exchange of information, prioritising relationships that accord with Pacific values. The bricolage of frameworks employed in this study have the potential to be applied to school settings for the review and development of home-school practices for Pacific families.</p>

scholarly journals Pacific Community Mental Health Nurses'   Experiences of Working for a District Health  Board in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jacinta Apelu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Board ◽  
District Health ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Community

<p>As meeting the mental health needs of the Pacific people living in New Zealand has become a major focus for providers and District Health Boards since deinstitulisation, so is the significance of mental health care delivery for the Pacific minority. Pacific community mental health (PCMH) nursing as a means of healthcare delivery is a fairly new and unknown practice domain. The fact that no studies have been carried out to explore nursing in this field makes this an area that requires an understanding. This understanding will, in turn, enhance knowledge embedded in PCMH nursing and helps reduce practice constraints. This study explored the perspectives of Pacific nurses on what it is like for them to work in a PCMH service within a District Health Board. Five Pacific Island nurses who worked in the three Pacific Community Mental Health services based in the Auckland region participated in the project. The study employed narrative inquiry to gather data through focused storytelling method. The results of the study have indicated that PCMH nursing is a unique nursing field as well as highlight significant practice issues for nurses. Complex service infrastructure and language have been found to be the major contributing practice constraints. The findings suggest the need for District Health Board authorities, Pacific Mental Health service management, professional nursing education and development programs to consider addressing these practice issues to prevent further increase in the problem of PCMH nurses shortage and enhance recruitment and retention of these nurses.</p>

scholarly journals EDITORIAL: Finding the Pacific voice

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Philip Leslie Cass ◽  
David Robie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Journalism Education ◽  
Research Association ◽  
The Public ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Pacific Community

Good journalism remains central to the needs of the Pacific and her people. Good journalism education is central to this issue of Pacific Journalism Review, which features a selection of papers on journalism education in the Pacific, Australia and New Zealand. Drawn mostly from the papers presented to the Fourth World Journalism Education Congress (WJEC16), and the preconference organised by the Journalism Education and Research Association of Australia (JERAA) and the Pacific Media Centre with the Media Educators Pacific (MeP) at the Auckland University of Technology in July, they all reflect the importance of good journalism and good journalism education. Speaking at the opening of the preconference, University of Auckland Associate Professor Toeolesulusulu Damon Salesa said the profession was vital for bringing the Pacific community together. Dr Salesa, director of the newly founded New Zealand Institute for Pacific Research, which sponsored five Pacific media educators to attend the conferences, said journalism helped people engage in the public sphere.

scholarly journals Supporting successful learning outcomes for secondary Pacific students through home-school relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Margaret Flavell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Home School ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
School Practices ◽  
School Structures ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Community

<p>A need to improve learning outcomes for Pacific students has been highlighted by the Ministry of Education in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with the reflection that the education system has not adequately catered for these learners. The development of home-school relationships is recognised by the Ministry as one way of promoting the achievement of Pacific students; closer links with Pacific families are encouraged so that students’ needs may be better met. The aim of this research was to explore how secondary schools could develop relationships with Pacific families and communities in order to support students’ successful learning outcomes.  A qualitative case study, using a grounded theory approach, was employed. An Appreciative Inquiry framework helped guide the research design to facilitate the exploration of how home-school relationships worked well within the context of a New Zealand town, and how they can be enhanced to benefit secondary Pacific learners. A Communities of Practice lens supported analysis; and an appreciation of Pacific relationality was supported by the theoretical frameworks, Teu le va and Talanoa Research Methodology (TRM).  Key findings demonstrate the willingness and expertise from members of the Pacific community to support schools’ endeavours to cater for Pacific learners, helping address any barriers to family engagement. Despite the strong commitment from teachers and school leaders to work more closely and creatively with Pacific families, this study concludes that knowledge and ideas do not always flow freely between home and school. An inherent risk is that schools hold onto decision-making processes although there is a capacity within the Pacific community to offer effective solutions. To alleviate this risk, school structures need to open up to permit a freer exchange of information, prioritising relationships that accord with Pacific values. The bricolage of frameworks employed in this study have the potential to be applied to school settings for the review and development of home-school practices for Pacific families.</p>

ReReflections on a Pacific regional event held in New Zealand: exploring best practice for serving Pacific communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Sarah Jutel ◽  
Bradley Watson ◽  
Faafetai Sopoaga
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Culturally Informed ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The University ◽  
Pacific Community

The aim of this paper is to explore best practice, practical, collaborative and culturally-informed solutions for organising events to serve identified areas of importance for Pacific regional countries. This paper describes the design and implementation of a two-day hands-on workshop designed to support organizational capacity and strengthen innovation, solutions, and communication around mosquito-borne diseases in the Pacific region. The workshop (TechCamp New Zealand) was organised by the University of Otago in collaboration with the U.S. Consulate General New Zealand and with support from the Pacific Community (SPC). We share our experiences with the objective of supporting partnership approaches by governments, research institutions and other non-profit organisations when engaging with Pacific countries.

scholarly journals Pacific Community Mental Health Nurses'   Experiences of Working for a District Health  Board in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jacinta Apelu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Board ◽  
District Health ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Community

<p>As meeting the mental health needs of the Pacific people living in New Zealand has become a major focus for providers and District Health Boards since deinstitulisation, so is the significance of mental health care delivery for the Pacific minority. Pacific community mental health (PCMH) nursing as a means of healthcare delivery is a fairly new and unknown practice domain. The fact that no studies have been carried out to explore nursing in this field makes this an area that requires an understanding. This understanding will, in turn, enhance knowledge embedded in PCMH nursing and helps reduce practice constraints. This study explored the perspectives of Pacific nurses on what it is like for them to work in a PCMH service within a District Health Board. Five Pacific Island nurses who worked in the three Pacific Community Mental Health services based in the Auckland region participated in the project. The study employed narrative inquiry to gather data through focused storytelling method. The results of the study have indicated that PCMH nursing is a unique nursing field as well as highlight significant practice issues for nurses. Complex service infrastructure and language have been found to be the major contributing practice constraints. The findings suggest the need for District Health Board authorities, Pacific Mental Health service management, professional nursing education and development programs to consider addressing these practice issues to prevent further increase in the problem of PCMH nurses shortage and enhance recruitment and retention of these nurses.</p>

Charles Francis Adams: diary of a young American taxidermist visiting New Zealand, 1884–1887

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Gill
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Set Up ◽  
White Island

In December 1884 Charles Francis Adams (1857–1893) left Illinois, USA, by train for San Francisco and crossed the Pacific by ship to work as taxidermist at Auckland Museum, New Zealand, until February 1887. He then went to Borneo via several New Zealand ports, Melbourne and Batavia (Jakarta). This paper concerns a diary by Adams that gives a daily account of his trip to Auckland and the first six months of his employment (from January to July 1885). In this period Adams set up a workshop and diligently prepared specimens (at least 124 birds, fish, reptiles and marine invertebrates). The diary continues with three reports of trips Adams made from Auckland to Cuvier Island (November 1886), Karewa Island (December 1886) and White Island (date not stated), which are important early descriptive accounts of these small offshore islands. Events after leaving Auckland are covered discontinuously and the diary ends with part of the ship's passage through the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), apparently in April 1887. Adams's diary is important in giving a detailed account of a taxidermist's working life, and in helping to document the early years of Auckland Museum's occupation of the Princes Street building.

Cytisine as an alternative smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Kotalo Leau ◽  
Natalie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Pacific

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pacific people in New Zealand have one of the highest rates of smoking.  Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that has proven efficacy, effectiveness and safety compared to a placebo and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.  Cytisine, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and blocks the rewarding effects of nicotine. Cytisine is naturally found in some plants in the Pacific region, and so may appeal to Pacific smokers wanting to quit. This paper investigates the acceptability of cytisine as a smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand, using a qualitative study design. Methods: In December 2015, advertisements and snowball sampling was used to recruit four Pacific smokers and three Pacific smoking cessation specialists in Auckland, New Zealand. Semi-structured interviews where undertaken, whereby participants were asked about motivations to quit and their views on smoking cessation products, including cytisine (which is currently unavailable in New Zealand). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, with thematic analysis conducted manually. Findings: Pacific smokers reported wanting to quit for loved ones and family, but did not find currently available smoking cessation products effective. Almost all participants had not previously heard of cytisine, but many of the Pacific smokers were keen to try it. Participants identified with cytisine on a cultural basis (given its natural status), but noted that their use would be determined by the efficacy of the medicine, its cost, side-effects, and accessibility. They were particularly interested in cytisine being made available in liquid form, which could be added to a “smoothie” or drunk as a “traditional tea”.  Participants thought cytisine should be promoted in a culturally-appropriate way, with packaging and advertising designed to appeal to Pacific smokers. Conclusions: Cytisine is more acceptable to Pacific smokers than other smoking cessation products, because of their cultural practices of traditional medicine and the natural product status of cytisine.

Seasonal wound presence and susceptibility to Neonectria ditissima infection in New Zealand apple trees

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.T. Amponsah ◽  
M. Walter R.M. Beresford ◽  
R.W.A. Scheper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Leaf Scar ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Different Types

Leaf scar wounds are important sites for Neonectria ditissima infection of apple trees Monitoring leaf fall in Scilate/Envy and Braeburn trees to estimate leaf scar wound presence showed maximum leaf scar incidence occurred in June (early winter) Wounds detected in New Zealand apple orchards were bud scale scars fruit thinning and picking wounds leaf scars and pruning cuts Picking wounds are caused during harvest where the pedicel is detached from the shoot Susceptibility of these different types of wounds was determined using artificial inoculation of N ditissima conidia during the season Pruning cut wounds were the most susceptible followed by fruit picking and thinning wounds and the least susceptible were leaf scar wounds No infections were observed when bud scale wounds were inoculated There was no difference in wound susceptibility between cultivars but overall Scilate/Envy wounds developed more lesions than Braeburn wounds

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