Disclosure of Corporate Voluntary Board Governance Practices in India

Think India ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Shivan Sarpal
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Board Governance ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Clause 49 ◽  
Governance Disclosure ◽  
Time Point

The present paper deals with the current as well as hotly debated issue of increasing attention on the extent of governance practices followed by the corporates. In particular, it investigates the disclosure of sound board practices followed by the top listed companies in India by relying upon a Voluntary Board Governance Disclosure Index (VBGDI) developed in the study. The index has been constructed by following the requirements stated under Revised Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement (2004) and Corporate Governance Voluntary Guidelines (2009). In addition, the study has covered two time points in its dataset in order to examine an improvement in the disclosure of board governance practices by the corporates from the time point 1 (2005-06) to the time point 2 (2009-10). The testing has been performed by means of paired samples t-test and Wilcoxen signed rank test (for robustness testing) which has reported significant improvement for some selected board practices in particular and for overall disclosure score as a whole. Overall, the analysis suggests that the corporate voluntary disclosure of the board governance practices has been improved (but only for some items), however, there are certain influential practices which should be covered by the companies in the ambit of their governance frameworks so that the level of governance standards in India can be upraised. On the whole, it suggests the companies to incorporate more board governance practices in the spectrum of their governance disclosures.

scholarly journals Investigating Dual-Energy CT Post-Contrast Phases for Liver Iron Quantification: A Preliminary Study

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932582110113
Author(s):  
Luca Basso ◽  
Dario Baldi ◽  
Lorenzo Mannelli ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere ◽  
Marco Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Liver Iron ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Time Point

Background and Purpose: Quantification of hepatic virtual iron content (VIC) by using Multidetector Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) has been recently investigated since this technique could offer a good compromise between accuracy and non-invasiveness for liver iron content quantification. The aim of our study is to investigate differences in VIC at different DECT time points (namely baseline and arterial, venous and tardive phases), identifying the most reliable and also exploring the underlying temporal trend of these values. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients who underwent DECT examination and were characterized by low liver fat content were included in this retrospective study. By using the Syngo.via Frontier–DE IronVNC tool, regions of interest (ROI) were placed on the VIC images at 3 hepatic levels, both in left and right liver lobes, at each DECT time point. Friedman’s test followed by Bonferroni-adjusted Wilcoxon signed-rank test for post-hoc analysis was performed to assess differences between DECT timepoints. Page’s L test was performed to test the temporal trend of VIC across the 4 examined timepoints. Results: For both liver lobes, Friedman’s test followed by Bonferroni-adjusted Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that VIC values differed significantly when extracted from ROIs placed at the 4 different timepoints. The Page’s L test for multiple comparison revealed a significant growing trend for VIC, from baseline acquisition to the fourth and last time point post-contrast agent injection. Conclusions: The extraction of hepatic VIC in healthy subjects was found to be significantly influenced by the DECT time point chosen for the extrapolation of the VIC values.

scholarly journals Shortened Tracer Uptake Time in GA-68-DOTATOC-PET of Meningiomas Does Not Impair Diagnostic Accuracy and PET Volume Definition

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Josefine Graef ◽  
Carolin Senger ◽  
Christoph Wetz ◽  
Alexander D. J. Baur ◽  
Anne K. Kluge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Tracer Injection ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Time Point

Ga-68-DOTATOC-PET/MRI can affect the planning target volume (PTV) definition of meningiomas before radiosurgery. A shorter tracer uptake time before image acquisition could allow the examination of more patients. The aim of this study was to investigate if shortening uptake time is possible without compromising diagnostic accuracy and PET volume. Fifteen patients (f = 12; mean age 52 years (34–80 years)) with meningiomas were prospectively examined with dynamic [68Ga]Ga-68-labeled [DOTA0-Phe1-Tyr3] octreotide (Ga-68-DOTATOC)-PET/MRI over 70 min before radiosurgery planning. Meningiomas were delineated manually in the PET dataset. PET volumes at each time point were compared to the reference standard 60 min post tracer injection (p.i.) using the Friedman test followed by a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Bonferroni correction. In all patients, the earliest time point with 100% lesion detection compared to 60 min p.i. was identified. PET volumes did not change significantly from 15 min p.i. (p = 1.0) compared to 60 min p.i. The earliest time point with 100% lesion detection in all patients was 10 min p.i. In patients with meningiomas undergoing Ga-68-DOTATOC-PET, the tracer uptake time can safely be reduced to 15 min p.i. with comparable PET volume and 100% lesion detection compared to 60 min p.i.

scholarly journals Reaksi Pasar atas Pengumuman Penurunan Bank Indonesia 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1907
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Gede Rama Sayudha ◽  
Ni Ketut Rasmini
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Event Study ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Repo Rate

The purpose of this study is to investigate the reaction of the Indonesian capital market to the announcement of a reduction in the Bank Indonesia 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate on the property and banking sectors. This study employs an event study with a seven-day observation period. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique. The sample size for the banking sector was 32 companies, and the sample size for the property sector was 30 companies. Anomaly returns were used to gauge market reaction. The researchers used the paired samples t-test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test to analyze the data. The results for both sectors revealed that no market reaction was detected as a result of the announcement. This may be caused by investors thought that the announcement can’t affect the company's performance in short term and also considering the other sentiments. Keywords: BI 7-Day Reverse Repo Rate; Event Study; Abnormal Return; Market Reaction.

Tests for Probability of A Reaction and Difference Between Reactions Where Treatment Increases Marker-Values of Particular Subjects but Decreases Others

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torao Ishida ◽  
Ken Takagi ◽  
Gui-feng Wang ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanahashi ◽  
Jun Kawanokuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Abstract PD-1 has a role in regulating the response of the immune system to the cells of the human body. Paris et al. reported that combination antiretroviral therapy did not change % CD4+ of PD-1highCTLA-4lowCD127high early/intermediated T cells of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients but increased the percent of the marker limited to initial CD4 counts <200 with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We hypothesized that the treatment increased the marker value in patients whose initial marker value is less than a particular value and decreased the marker value in other patients and that the test misleadingly concluded that the treatment did not change the marker value. General subgroup analyses correctly estimate the statistical significance of such a reaction or difference between such reactions only when the reaction of both of subgroups or both difference between such subgroups is statistically significant. We propose Ishida’ t-test for paired samples that can correctly judge the probability without division of the group into subgroups, and Ishida’ t-test for unpaired samples that can correctly judge the statistical significance of the difference between such reactions. We also showed that many treatments cause such increase and decrease of marker values relating PD-1 of subjects.

Bioequivalence of Carpine Tablets Containing Carbamazepine

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Yahaya Hassan ◽  
Yvonne T Tan ◽  
Kok-Khiang Peh ◽  
Noorizan Abd Aziz ◽  
Ab Fatah Ab Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Bioequivalence Study ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Objective: To develop a suitable assay method for carbamazepine and to use this method in the evaluation of a Malaysian-made generic tablet and a commercially available tablet containing carbamazepine for bioequivalence after a single-dose, randomized, 2-period, 2-treatment, 2-sequence crossover study. Method: Eighteen healthy men participated in the bioequivalence study. Each treatment was given as a single 2 × 200-mg dose. Plasma concentrations of carbamazepine were collected for up to 168 hours and assayed using HPLC. Results: The test to reference ratios were found to be 1.05 for maximum concentration (Cmax), 1.02 for AUC(0-t), 0.96 for AUC(t-∞), 1.01 for AUC(0-∞), and 0.99 for elimination half-life. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUC and Cmax parameters were within the range of 0.80–1.25. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples showed no statistically significant difference between the tmax results. Conclusions: All of the parameters evaluated showed bioequivalence between the 2 formulations.

scholarly journals Comparison of Peak Aerobic Capacity Between the Treadmill and a Skiing Ergometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Nelson ◽  
Andy Bosak ◽  
Russell Lowell ◽  
Maggie McDermott ◽  
Branden Ziebell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rank Test ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Ideal Tool ◽  
Peak Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Total Body

Introduction: The Concept2 SkiErg is increasing in popularity and is widely used to provide a low impact total body workout. Because of these benefits, the SkiErg could be an ideal tool for fitness testing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare VO2peak values elicited from a treadmill (TM) and SkiErg (SE) graded exercise test (GXT). Methods: Twenty-two averagely fit females completed 2 GXT protocols to volitional exhaustion on a TM and SE. Peak VO2, HR, VE, TTE, and RER were compared using paired-samples t-tests with significant differences at p≤0.05. Max RPE was compared using a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: TM was significantly greater than SE for VO2peak (43.82±1.07 vs 33.97±5.01 ml/kg/min, p<0.01), HR (189±8 vs 182±11 bpm, p<0.01), RPE (18.91+1.11vs 17.26+2.03, p=0.02), VE (95.44±11.26 vs 86.21±2.90 L/min, p=0.015), and TTE (550.16+137.56 vs 391.86±81.20 sec, p<0.01). RER was significantly greater on the SE (1.16±0.08 vs 1.12±0.06, p=0.024). Conclusion: Results suggest that TM elicits higher max values for VO2, HR, TTE, VE, and RPE compared to SE, while SE elicits a higher RER in the current population. SE could be used as an alternative mode of testing in averagely-fit females but does not directly compare to TM values.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Effects of RevisionMediated and Attention-mediated Indirect Coded Feedback on EFL Learners’ Written Syntactic Accuracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
Zahra Azari Nia ◽  
Mohammadreza Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Short And Long Term

This study investigated the immediate and sustained effects of revision-mediated (RICF) and attention-mediated (AICF) indirect coded corrective feedback on the written syntactic accuracy development of 50 upper-intermediate Iranian EFL learners assigned to two RICF and AICF groups. They received eight-session treatments, followed by an immediate posttest and then a delayed posttest after a four-week time interval. The collected written scripts were co-rated for syntactic accuracy by the researcher and her colleague. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS 21. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the paired-samples t-tests revealed that each treatment separately (i.e., revision-mediated and attention-mediated CF) had a statistically significant impact on EFL learners’ written syntactic accuracy both in the short and long term. Moreover, the independent samples t-tests indicated no significant difference between the effects of revision-mediated and attention-mediated CF on EFL learners’ written syntactic accuracy both in the short and long term. The paper provides discussion and implications.

scholarly journals THE EVALUATION OF CASCADING AND RADIAL MENUS FOR AUGMENTED REALITY IN A SMARTPHONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435
Author(s):  
Wan Mohd Abrar ◽  
Hew Soon Hin ◽  
Wong Chee Onn
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Radial Menus

The article describes an evaluation of cascading menu and radial menu in augmented reality (AR) on a smartphone. To evaluate the menus, we measured time to finish the tasks (in seconds) and usability (learnability, efficiency, memorability, errors, and satisfaction) using the System Usability Scale Questionnaire. Data obtained is then analyzed using paired-samples t-test with repeated measures and Wilcoxon signed-rank test to find the statistically significant difference. Overall results showed a preference for the cascading menu type over the radial menu in terms of usability, different from other studies. Statistically, a significant difference was found performance-wise, which indicates that participants are more familiar with cascading menus which contributes to better task time. However, the performance improved the more prolonged the participants got used to the menu when it comes to the radial menu. For errors rates, it is found that the radial menu is less error-prone than cascading menu. This evaluation can help interface designers decide whether they should use the cascading menu or radial menu when designing an interface for AR on a smartphone. The research looks into filling the evaluation gap on the radial and cascading menu, specifically in augmented reality on a smartphone. While other studies have studied and evaluated the cascading menu and radial menu in other environments, this research, on the other hand, tested and evaluated the menu in an augmented reality environment instead of the more traditional desktop environment.

scholarly journals Examining the relationship between corporate governance and bank performance in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Islam ◽  
S. Sathye ◽  
H. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has studied the impact of corporate governance on bank performance, but only a few aspects of the impact were reported. The present study develops a unique corporate governance index to provide a comprehensivemeasure of corporate governance and examines the relationship between this comprehensive measure and bank performance. We apply the Wilcoxon signed rank test to examine whether the introduction of the Code of CorporateGovernance in Bangladesh has significantly promoted the improvement of corporate governance practices in Bangladeshi banks. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that corporate governance practices of Bangladeshi banks have been significantly improved since the introduction of the code. Further, the present study adopts regression analysis and reveals that the comprehensive measure of corporate governance is not significantly related to Bangladeshi banks’ performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document