scholarly journals Time Series Analysis of Disparity between Maori and non-Maori Labour Market Outcomes in the Household Labour Force Survey

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Chapple ◽  
David Rea
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Ethnic Classification ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
Over Time

Disparity in labour market outcomes between Maori and non-Maori is examined using Household Labour Force Survey (HLFS) data. The paper explores the nature of the ethnicity question and ethnic classification in the HLFS. It shows that there are substantial differences in labour market outcomes between those Maori who report only Maori ethnicity and those who report Maori and another ethnicity ("mixed" Maori). The paper then considers various methods of measuring disparity and uses these to examine the time series behaviour of disparity between 1985 and 1998. It concludes that disparity between Maori and non-Maori is greater today than in 1985. However, all this deterioration occurred between 1985 and 1992. Since 1992 disparity has been in decline. The bulk of time series variation in disparity between Maori and non-Maori has been driven by changes in outcomes for the sole Maori group. Mixed Maori, about a quarter share of the Maori ethnic group, has outcomes which closely track those of the non-Maori population over time.

scholarly journals Self-Employment and Labour Market Transitions in New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Shao ◽  
Mallika Kelkar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Labour Market Transitions ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
Market Transitions

Self-employment in New Zealand has been trending up in the past two years, following subdued growth between 2000 and 2010. Self-employed people made up 11.3% of total employed in the year to March 2012 (251,800 workers), compared with 10.1% in the year to March 2010. Self-employment is defined in this paper as those people operating their own business without employees. The paper explores time series trends in self-employment, in particular across three post-recession periods. Characteristics of self-employed workers are also identified. This paper also investigates movements in and out of self-employment in order to understand the recent growth in this type of employment. The analysis uses longitudinal Household Labour Force Survey (HLFS) data. The HLFS provides official measures of a range of labour market indicators, including the number of people employed, unemployed and not in the labour force.

scholarly journals Employment chances and changes of immigrants in Belgium: The impact of citizenship

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Corluy ◽  
Ive Marx ◽  
Gerlinde Verbist
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labour Market Position ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Employment Probabilities ◽  
The Impact

This article looks at the impact of citizenship acquisition on the labour market position of immigrants in Belgium. Citizenship is open to all immigrants with a sufficient period of legal residence, without any language or integration requirements. In that respect, this study is an important complement to existing studies which have mostly focused on countries with strict acquisition rules. Based on Labour Force Survey data for 2008, this study uses probit regression to estimate the static and dynamic employment probabilities and unemployment risks. We find that citizenship acquisition is associated with better labour market outcomes for non-Western immigrants in general. This effect remains after controlling for years of residence since migration, indicating the existence of a citizenship premium in Belgium.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Disparity Between Pacific and Non-Pacific Peoples' Labour Market Outcomes in the Household Labour Force Survey

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Humphris ◽  
Simon Chapple
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Pacific Population ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Household Labour

Disparity in employment outcomes between Pacific and non-Pacific people is higher today than it was in 1985. The disparity in the employment rate increased substantially between 1986 and 1991, though has been decreasing slowly since. This paper attempts to find reasons for changes in employment rate disparity using cross-tabulated information from the Household Labour Force Survey on region, educational attainment, occupation, industry, length of time lived in New Zealand and working age population size. Our research suggests that a key reason for the increase in disparity was over-representation of Pacific people in sectors that were disproportionately affected by changes in labour demand in the late 1980s. In particular, there was decreasing demand for workers in the manufacturing industry, workers in the occupational grouping 'production and related workers' and workers with no educational qualifications. Higher Pacific population growth may also at times have had an impact on employment disparity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Marginal Employment on Subsequent Labour Market Outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Böheim ◽  
Andrea Weber
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Search Effort ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Marginal Employment ◽  
Labour Market Status ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Unemployed workers in Austria do not lose their unemployment benefits (UI) if they work in a job where their earnings are below a certain threshold [‘marginal employment’ (ME)]. ME might improve their labour market status by signalling effort, or worsen it through reduced job-search effort. Those who work in ME while claiming UI have less employment and lower earnings afterwards than those who do not. The penalty lessens over time but is still present after three years.

scholarly journals When two (or more) do not equal one: an analysis of the changing nature of multiple and single jobholding in Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 102425892110026
Author(s):  
Wieteke Conen ◽  
Paul de Beer
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

The scope and structure of multiple jobholding and its consequences for multiple jobholders are changing in many Western economies. Only limited quantitative empirical knowledge is currently available on the changing features of multiple jobholding and whether the economic vulnerability of multiple jobholders has been changing over time. In this article we focus on the position and trends of multiple jobholders compared with single jobholders in Europe. We study this in terms of working hours, workers’ desire to work more hours, and in-work poverty. To that end, we analyse data since the early 2000s from the EU Labour Force Survey and from the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. Our findings show that multiple jobholding is a significant and increasing labour market phenomenon in many advanced economies, with changing characteristics, for example in terms of gender distribution and combinations of contracts. In-work poverty is relatively high among non-standard workers, but the findings do not indicate a deteriorating trend effect. In-work poverty seems to be on the rise among people who are single, for both single jobholders and multiple jobholders.

scholarly journals Forecasting in the Labour Market

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram SriRamaratnam ◽  
Kevin Zhang ◽  
Andrew Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Employment Level ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

An assessment of future labour market outcomes is of considerable interest to policy makers and for those making operational decisions with respect to training. These could take the form of forecasts of employment by occupations and skill levels or needs at the national, sectoral or regional level. Often forecasts are make of the demand for labour, both additional and replacement demand, the latter often surpassing the former due to the present demographic composition of the labour force. In order to assess likely future shortages (or surplus) of labour, knowledge of the current supply (not always known with certainty as in the case of seasonal labour) and an understanding of future supply is required, all of which pose considerable challenges. In this paper, an overview of the forecasting needs of the Department of Labour, approaches and methodology likely to be applicable and the required level of accuracy and relevance of forecasts are discussed in relation to national, sectoral, regional and seasonal labour market outcomes. Some preliminary and provisional results are presented as an illustration of likely outcomes. In summary, the total employment level is expected to show and annual average growth of 1.8% from 2005 to 2010, following a higher annual average growth of 2.8% from 2001 to 2005.  However, for the Primary and Manufacturing Sectors, the employment is likely to transform to a positive growth at an average rate of 1.0% and 0.3% respectively from 2005 to 2010 after having experienced a decline from 2001 to 2005. However, for the Private and Public sectors services, employment is expected o increase at an average rate of 1.7% and 2.8% respectively from 2005 to 2010 following a higher growth rate of 3.3% and 4.8% respectively from 2001 to 2005. The consequences of a number of variations in GDP growth and employment ratios by industry are explored in terms of occupational forecasts.

scholarly journals Mothers in the New Zealand workforce

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Flynn ◽  
Magdalen Harris
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Employed Mothers ◽  
Household Labour ◽  
Force Characteristics ◽  
Over Time

Motherhood is a significant factor in how women participate in paid work. Women are likely to restructure their work arrangements or withdraw from the labour market while caring for dependent children (OECD, 2011). However, women’s participation in the labour force has increased over time, in part due to more mothers remaining in and re-entering the labour market. The purpose of this paper is to look at the demographic and labour force characteristics of women in the prime parenting age group (those aged 25–49 years), in relation to their parent and partner statuses. Data from the Household Labour Force Survey and the Survey of Working Life are used to create a picture of these different groups of women over time, to identify the factors affecting a mother’s ability to participate in the labour market, and to understand how work arrangements and conditions for employed mothers differ from employed non-mothers’.

scholarly journals What labour market? A critical STEM supply shortage investigation: Lithuanian case

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jogaila Vaitekaitis
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Theoretical Implication ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Stem Majors ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Market Discourse

Aim. The main objective of this investigation is to explore perceived lack of Lithuanian STEM labour force supply. It is often believed that education systems are the bottleneck of economic growth and that by increasing the supply of STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) graduates we will get more and better payed jobs. But a growing body of evidence suggests that in many STEM fields there is an adequate supply or even oversupply of STEM majors. Still, technologically advanced capitalist countries advocate for more STEM workforce regardless of an overcrowded market. Echoing foreign neoliberal trends, Lithuanian education policy makers are on the same STEM shortage hype-train, and reforms are full steam ahead. Methods. To explore perceived lack of Lithuanian STEM labour force supply an assessment of STEM graduates’ (n=3720) occupational destinations one year after graduation and average salaries in those professions was conducted employing a descriptive statistical analysis. Results. Findings show that there is no general shortage of STEM labour supply; the majority (54% n=2023) of all recent STEM degree holders in Lithuania do not work in STEM jobs. The majority of graduates usually do not reach national average income one year after graduation. Conclusions. Persuasion of students to study STEM degrees based on better labour market outcomes is misleading and possibly unethical. The principal theoretical implication of this paper is the acknowledgment that low STEM graduate employment does not necessarily signify a failing education system. Rather, this is an opportunity to look beyond human capital and labour market discourse which, arguably, prevents STEM education to realize its revolutionary potential.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document