scholarly journals The Localisation of Vulnerabilities: The construction of risks and hazards in the coverage of earthquakes in the Seattle Times and the Vancouver Sun

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thomas Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
News Media ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Agenda ◽  
Risk Communities

<p>Despite an increasing willingness among academics politicians, policymakers, non-governmental organisations [NGOs], businesses, practitioners and citizens to confront the risks posed by disasters, many attempts at implementing measures of disaster risk reduction [DRR] have been unsuccessful. Much has been written about disaster risk reduction, but none of the literature has effectively analysed the necessary conditions for disaster risk reduction to be successful in an at-risk community.  Van Belle argues that the localisation of distant disasters – the practice where a news outlet covers an external event from their own locality’s point of view and interprets that event in terms of how it relates to them – is essential for DRR to become on the public agenda and create the opportunity for DRR policy to be successfully pursued (2012). This thesis adds to the understanding of the news coverage of non-local disaster events by analysing how disasters are localised by the news media to relate to the hazards faced by their communities. It was found that overseas disaster events must not only be localised, but also communalised through direct comparisons between communities in the news coverage for DRR to become on the public agenda in at-risk communities.  229 newspaper articles were analysed through a structured qualitative content analysis. Localisation occurred in the Seattle Times and the Vancouver Sun following six overseas earthquakes. It was found that the nature of the coverage changed according to the stricken country’s level of development, where more direct comparisons were made between communities after the earthquakes in Japan, Chile and in Turkey in some instances. However, the coverage of the earthquakes in Turkey, Pakistan and Haiti led to the establishment of a paternalistic victim-saviour type relationship between communities in the newspapers.  These findings have significant implications for the implementation of disaster risk reduction in at-risk communities and for the understanding of the production of news. Additionally, the theoretical practice of localisation was developed and operationalised. This led to the formulation of five typologies of localisation that illustrated the nature of the coverage of the earthquakes in the two leading broadsheet newspapers in the Pacific Northwest. Significantly, the thesis suggests that the nature of the localisation may depend on their level of identification with the stricken community.</p>

scholarly journals The Localisation of Vulnerabilities: The construction of risks and hazards in the coverage of earthquakes in the Seattle Times and the Vancouver Sun

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thomas Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
News Media ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Agenda ◽  
Risk Communities

<p>Despite an increasing willingness among academics politicians, policymakers, non-governmental organisations [NGOs], businesses, practitioners and citizens to confront the risks posed by disasters, many attempts at implementing measures of disaster risk reduction [DRR] have been unsuccessful. Much has been written about disaster risk reduction, but none of the literature has effectively analysed the necessary conditions for disaster risk reduction to be successful in an at-risk community.  Van Belle argues that the localisation of distant disasters – the practice where a news outlet covers an external event from their own locality’s point of view and interprets that event in terms of how it relates to them – is essential for DRR to become on the public agenda and create the opportunity for DRR policy to be successfully pursued (2012). This thesis adds to the understanding of the news coverage of non-local disaster events by analysing how disasters are localised by the news media to relate to the hazards faced by their communities. It was found that overseas disaster events must not only be localised, but also communalised through direct comparisons between communities in the news coverage for DRR to become on the public agenda in at-risk communities.  229 newspaper articles were analysed through a structured qualitative content analysis. Localisation occurred in the Seattle Times and the Vancouver Sun following six overseas earthquakes. It was found that the nature of the coverage changed according to the stricken country’s level of development, where more direct comparisons were made between communities after the earthquakes in Japan, Chile and in Turkey in some instances. However, the coverage of the earthquakes in Turkey, Pakistan and Haiti led to the establishment of a paternalistic victim-saviour type relationship between communities in the newspapers.  These findings have significant implications for the implementation of disaster risk reduction in at-risk communities and for the understanding of the production of news. Additionally, the theoretical practice of localisation was developed and operationalised. This led to the formulation of five typologies of localisation that illustrated the nature of the coverage of the earthquakes in the two leading broadsheet newspapers in the Pacific Northwest. Significantly, the thesis suggests that the nature of the localisation may depend on their level of identification with the stricken community.</p>

scholarly journals How Development Affects News Media Coverage of Earthquakes: Implications for Disaster Risk Reduction in Observing Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Jamieson ◽  
Douglas Van Belle
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Policy Learning ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Risk Communities

Previous research suggests that lesson-drawing news coverage of disasters can create windows of opportunity for policy learning in the observing communities. This is especially important for cities facing similar vulnerabilities to disaster-affected communities, where they can learn from their events to pursue disaster risk reduction policies to mitigate against those risks at home. However, little is known about the conditions under which newspapers in at-risk communities provide the type of news coverage necessary for policy learning. Using logistic regression to analyze an original dataset produced from a content analysis of five newspapers’ coverage of five earthquakes, we demonstrate that the level of development of the disaster-stricken community systematically influences the nature of news coverage in at-risk communities. These results have important implications for the understanding of urban disaster risk reduction, suggesting that the conditions for bottom-up policy learning are more likely to occur following disasters in wealthier countries.

scholarly journals Disaster risk reduction in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa T.M. Al-Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
International Society ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acute Crisis

Iraq is at risk of multiple hazards including both natural and man-made calamities. Little effort had been made before 2003 to address the disaster risk; even though many legislations enacted to provide a relief in the event of the acute crisis, they were mainly focused on the reactive response to the calamities without taking into consideration the prevention, preparedness and mitigation approach. The recent years have witnessed some positive attitude from the government and international society to develop strategies for disaster risk reduction in Iraq. Iraq for the first time has drafted a law that is distinctive for the disasters. The purpose of this article is to review the possibilities and challenges of disaster risk reduction in Iraq.

Review of Recent Water-Related Disasters and Scientific Activities in Southeast Asia: Lessons Learned and Future Challenges for Disaster Risk Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Kure ◽  
◽  
Taichi Tebakari ◽  
Mamoru Miyamoto ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public Forum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sendai Framework ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture

This article reports on the public forum conducted by the authors at the Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from March 14 to 18, 2015. The conference included case studies of recent water-related disasters in the Southeast Asia region, reviews of academic research, and a description of the current situation about measures for risk reduction. This article also clarifies the relationship between the various recommendations proposed in the public forum and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (the Sendai framework), in order to identify the efforts that are necessary for the implementation of the Sendai framework.

scholarly journals Disaster Risk Reduction (Mitigation) Eruption of Kelud Mountain by the Society In The Area Of Disaster-Prone Areas (KRB) III Blitar Regency

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-277
Author(s):  
Sri Winarni ◽  
Agus Khoirul Anam ◽  
Rizal An Akhiruna
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Time Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Descriptive Research

Indonesia is a country that has great case of natural disasters. One of disasters that recentlyoccurred are the volcanic eruptions. Based on the interview with volunteer of kelud anchor in December2015, there were communities that were less understand about disaster risk reduction efforts of thevolcano. The purpose of the research was the efforts of disaster risk reduction (Mitigation) eruption ofKelud Mountain by the society in the area of Disaster-prone Areas (KRB) III Blitar Regency. Thisresearch used descriptive research design. The population of the research was all members of thecommunity who live in area III KRB Kelud in Modangan. The sample was 60 people taken by quotasampling. The data collection was done by providing a closed-ended questionnaire multiple choicequestions. Time data retrieval performed on 15-20 March 2016. The results showed that the public hadthe ability to either IE of 50% (30 people), enogh ability as 15% (10 people) and had less abilities i.e.as 35% (20 people). It was affected by the dissemination of prevention and disaster risk reduction.Recomendation for stakeholder of Modangan and Karangrejo village was to do socialitation in everyor when there was sign of Kelud mountain activity.

scholarly journals Analisis SWOT Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) dalam Melakukan Pengurangan Risiko Bencana di Kota Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Andre Lofika Pegi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
The Public ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
The Government ◽  
Operational Activities

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats encountered by the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) in carrying out disaster risk reduction in the Padang City. The method used in the study is descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through interviews and documentation studies. Data were analyzed using SWOT analysis. This research shows that the strengths are, PMI has reliable personnel and specialists in their fields, PMI has a stable procedure and system, PMI has its own law, namely Law No. 1 of 2018 and Government Regulation No. 7 of 2019. The disadvantage is that PMI is a voluntary organization so that in carrying out its duties PMI cannot be too forced and not too binding, PMI does not have a budget for risk reduction so it is difficult to carry out operational activities, infrastructure and equipment in PMI are incomplete, PMI personnel quantity still less especially the stanbey at headquarters. The opportunity that PMI has in carrying out disaster risk reduction, namely PMI, has gained trust from the government, the PMI name is quite good in the government and society. The threat is that community participation is still lacking when conducting socialization activities on disaster risk reduction, PMI is used as political land by certain elements of the external PMI, causing internal conflicts and influencing PMI's performance. The efforts made by PMI in conducting disaster risk reduction in the Padang City by conducting a new volunteer open recruitment if the volunteers have begun to be less active, provide training in advance to the team that will take to the field to provide socialization so that it is more prepared and the information delivered is more dense and quality, maintaining communication with the same stakeholders engaged in disaster management, conducting regular and periodic meetings to maintain communication and facilitating coordination among fellow stakeholders, calling on the public to always participate in socialization activities or simulations held by PMI and other stakeholders. Keywords: SWOT analysis, PMI, Disaster Risk Management

Archiving and Memorializing Disasters. Report of a UN International Workshop

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Sébastien Penmellen Boret ◽  
◽  
Akihiro Shibayama
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Third World ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World

This paper reports on the <span class=”bold”>Archiving and Memorializing Disasters International Workshop</span>, a side event organized for the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held on March 14-18, 2015 in Sendai, Japan. The public workshop consisted of presentations by experts of disaster archives and a panel discussion. The wide-ranging backgrounds of these experts – anthropology, history and engineering – provided for a pioneering and interdisciplinary approach to the fields of disaster archives and memorialization. The aim of this workshop was to reflect on the potential roles of disaster archives and memorialization, with particular reference to the third priority for action – <span class=”bold”>Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience</span> – of the new UN-endorsed Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-30). Presentations covered several projects in digital archiving of disasters and research on memorialization processes of disasters. It was concluded that archiving and memorialization can, and should, play a complementary and significant role in disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals Communicating disaster risk? An evaluation of the availability and quality of flood maps

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Henstra ◽  
Andrea Minano ◽  
Jason Thistlethwaite
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Flood Maps

Abstract. One of the key priorities for disaster risk reduction is to ensure decision makers, stakeholders, and the public understand their exposure to disaster risk, so that they can take protective action. Flood maps are a potentially valuable tool for facilitating this understanding of flood risk, but previous research has found that they vary considerably in availability and quality. Using an evaluation framework comprising nine criteria grounded in existing scholarship, this study assessed the quality of flood maps available to the public in Canadian communities located in designated flood risk areas. It found that flood maps in most municipalities (62 %) are low quality (meeting less than 50 % of the criteria) and the highest score was 78 % (seven of nine criteria met). The findings suggest that a more concerted effort to produce high-quality, publicly accessible flood maps is required to support Canada's international commitment to disaster risk reduction. Further questions surround possible weighting of quality assessment criteria, whether and how individuals seek out flood maps, and how flood risk information could be better communicated using modern technology.

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