scholarly journals Social process in a voluntary organisation: a study of adult membership in the Scout Association of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Gerald Bennett Kitay
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
Voluntary Organisation ◽  
Cycle Plays ◽  
Communication Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This thesis examines social processes in a large, voluntary organisation. The investigation was concerned with the activities and retention of lower-level adult members in the Scout Association of New Zealand. The demographic, socio-economic and organisational background of members, their attitudes, and the organisational context within which activity occurs were examined with reference to the relationship of these variables with the satisfaction, commitment and participation of members. Particular attention was given to five organisational variables: size, communication, control, support and effectiveness. Attitudinal variables such as solidarity, ideology, prestige and orientation were also examined. It was found that the organisational variables were most clearly related to differences in satisfaction, commitment and participation. This was described firstly in terms of an association between larger size, better and more frequent communication, and higher levels of control, support, and effectiveness. The latter in turn was related to higher levels of satisfaction, commitment, and participation. Background variables, particularly age, also proved important. This suggested that the life cycle plays a part in voluntary association membership and activity. It was concluded that the main organisational variables are affected by the peripheral structural position of voluntary associations in New Zealand society. The sanctions available to senior officials are few and generally weak, and there is often little pressure to pursue some of the more intangible formal goals. Adherence to official procedures varies, with frequent blockages of control, communication and support. This results in considerable differences in the organisational environment within which members operate. The study was carried out over two years. Observation, semi-structured and unstructured interviews were used, as well as a lengthy questionnaire.</p>

scholarly journals Education and Voluntary Association Participation: Evidence for Selection and Causation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Bekkers
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Causative Effect ◽  
Educational Career ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

We study the relationship of education and participation in voluntary associations throughout the life course, using retrospective data from the Netherlands (covering the period 1932-2000) and prospective panel data from Wisconsin (1957-2003). In both datasets, we find that those who will eventually achieve a higher level of education are already more likely to participate in voluntary associations before they have completed their educational career. This implies that the relationship between education and participation in voluntary associations is partly due to selection effects. However, both datasets also reveal that increases in education are associated with increases in voluntary associations memberships, suggesting causative effects of education. The Dutch data reveal no causative effect of education on volunteering if selection into membership is taken into account.

Australian and New Zealand Biosolids Partnership: Collaboration for more effective biosolids management

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Speers ◽  
Allen Gale ◽  
Nancy Penney
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Community Consultation ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sustainability Framework

This paper describes an international biosolids management initiative, known as the Australian and New Zealand Biosolids Partnership (ANZBP). The ANZBP - known formerly as the Australasian Biosolids Partnership – comprises 33 members dedicated to promoting the sustainable management of biosolids across the two nations. Two critical research projects are described, each of which contributes to the ANZBP goal of promoting the sustainable management of biosolids. The first is a review of community attitudes to biosolids management, the outcomes of which will be used to refine communication tools and methods of community consultation and which will provide input to policy development over time. The second is a review of regulations in place in Australia and New Zealand carried out to identify inconsistencies and improvements that could be made. An outcome of this initiative is potentially the development of a best practice manual. The relationship of the two projects to a sustainability framework adopted by the ANZBP is also described, as is the relationship of the two projects to each other.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Relationship between Cyniclomyces guttulatus and Rabbit Diarrhoea

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Tuanyuan Shi ◽  
Xinlei Yan ◽  
Hongchao Sun ◽  
Yuan Fu ◽  
Lili Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Cyniclomyces guttulatus is usually recognised as an inhabitant of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in rabbits. However, large numbers of C. guttulatus are often detected in the faeces of diarrhoeic rabbits. The relationship of C. guttulatus with rabbit diarrhoea needs to be clearly identified. In this study, a C. guttulatus Zhejiang strain was isolated from a New Zealand White rabbit with severe diarrhoea and then inoculated into SPF New Zealand white rabbits alone or co-inoculated with Eimeriaintestinalis, another kind of pathogen in rabbits. Our results showed that the optimal culture medium pH and temperature for this yeast were pH 4.5 and 40–42 °C, respectively. The sequence lengths of the 18S and 26S ribosomal DNA fragments were 1559 bp and 632 bp, respectively, and showed 99.8% homology with the 18S ribosomal sequence of the NRRL Y-17561 isolate from dogs and 100% homology with the 26S ribosomal sequence of DPA-CGR1 and CGDPA-GP1 isolates from rabbits and guinea pigs, respectively. In animal experiments, the C. guttulatus Zhejiang strain was not pathogenic to healthy rabbits, even when 1 × 108 vegetative cells were used per rabbit. Surprisingly, rabbits inoculated with yeast showed a slightly better body weight gain and higher food intake. However, SPF rabbits co-inoculated with C. guttulatus and E. intestinalis developed more severe coccidiosis than rabbits inoculated with C. guttulatus or E. intestinalis alone. In addition, we surveyed the prevalence of C. guttulatus in rabbits and found that the positive rate was 83% in Zhejiang Province. In summary, the results indicated that C. guttulatus alone is not pathogenic to healthy rabbits, although might be an opportunistic pathogen when the digestive tract is damaged by other pathogens, such as coccidia.

FEATURES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Olegovna Tumanovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Adaptive Physical Education ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the relationship of physical education of children with disabilities to the degree of socialization in social processes, describes the features of adaptive physical education, describes the game method as the most used in the physical education of children with disabilities

scholarly journals Niue's Relationship of Free Association with new Zealand

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Quentin-Baxter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Free Association ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Administrative Assistance

This article provides an account of the relationship between Niue and New Zealand. Because Niue is both a self-governing state and one who has a relationship of free association with New Zealand, Niue's government makeup is both constitutional and contractual. The article discusses the principles of Niue's free association status with New Zealand in light of its constitutional makeup. The nature of the relationship between New Zealand and Niue is discussed in general terms, and the principles of economic and administrative assistance from New Zealand is explored in greater detail.  

Post-natal growth changes in the fibre cortex and medulla of the new zealand romney and N-type sheep

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet P. Tibbits
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Fibre Area ◽  
Fibre Growth ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between cortical area and fibre area has been examined in the N/N, N/ +, + / +, + /nr and nr/nr genotypes of the New Zealand Romney, using skin biopsies taken at birth, 1, 3 and 16 months of age. The presence of the nr gene was shown to reduce significantly the relative cortical area. Within the genotypes there was an increase in relative cortical area with increasing age and in two-tooth ewes of N/N and N/ + there was an increase in relative cortical area in winter compared to summer.Fibre growth rates in length for primaries and for prenatal and post-natal secondaries were found for lambs between 1 and 3 months and for 16-monthold ewes. In N/N, N/+ and nr/nr primary fibre growth tended to be increased and post-natal secondary fibre growth tended to be decreased relative to + / + values.In both cortical area and fibre growth rate the greatest genotypic effect was shown by the primary fibres.Some estimates of cortical volume have been made by combining the information on cortical area and fibre growth rate and the relationship of these factors to follicle density and mean fibre area has been discussed. Finally, an indication has been given of how the associations of all these four factors might be usefully examined in some British breeds.

scholarly journals Architecture & the Intangibles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hamish B. McPhail
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Guidelines

<p>New Zealand has a high rate of mental disorders affecting 1 in 5 people. Current guidelines only outline building typologies and do not question the deeper affect of one’s perception of the built environment.  This thesis seeks to help understand the affect of architecture on mental illness: specifically the condition of depression.  In order to comprehend the relationship between architecture/space and its inhabitant, this thesis will firstly investigate how intangible elements such as colour, light; form etc. can alter the perception and experience of space.  Secondly through case studies, text and drawings the thesis will examine the affect of the intangibles on the state of mental illness/depression. The negative aspect of architecture activating depression will be examined. This will assist in understanding how architecture can positively affect occupants of space with depression.  Architecture and its relationship with depression will be examined to conclude whether it is a contributing factor. Architecture as therapy or as a therapeutic agent is proposed to engage aspects of the intangible.  Investigation and comprehension of depression will lead to the selection of the site and a specific programme; then develop analysis to draw conclusions creating design considerations for treatment facilities. Furthermore it will translate ideas and theories from the framework into tangible physical identities. In depth critical analysis of existing precedents and understanding historical facilities is a key part of this research, building upon discovered issues.  A case study design is aimed at creating architecture as therapy, which better understands the relationship of the ‘intangible’ in architecture. This thesis will propose a strategy to develop the specificity of architecture for therapy, to assist in addressing the specific treatment of severe depression in a New Zealand context, with the hope of increasing the success of therapy and rehabilitation.</p>

scholarly journals Comparing Socio-Spatial Mobility and Its Outcomes in Australia and New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. V. Clark
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Initial Location ◽  
Spatial Movement ◽  
Distance Minimization ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Households choose places from a hierarchy of options defined by social, economic and environmental contexts and these choices are conditioned by age, family status and economic contexts. While we know a good deal about the choice processes we know somewhat less about the spatial outcomes of these decisions apart from the well-established distance minimization of most moves. Recent research has begun to fill that gap and in this paper I unpack an earlier study of mobility across communities clustered by measures of disadvantage and extend that study to a comparable analysis of mobility in Australia. Specifically, I use the New Zealand Deprivation Index and the SEIFA index in the Household Income and Labour Dynamics Survey in Australia (HILDA) to construct matrices of socio-spatial movement and consider the relationship between in-flows and out-flows, the interaction of moves with age and education and the relationship of initial location with mobility outcomes.

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