scholarly journals The letters of French and German soldiers in World War One

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebekka Sippel
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
Personal Survival ◽  
At Home

<p>This thesis uses letters written by French and German soldiers to investigate the mobilization of masculinity during World War One 1914-1918.  Through the letters of French and German soldiers of World War One, the thesis discusses the initial ways the soldiers were encouraged to enlist, which includes discussions on patriotism. The work also discusses the concepts of brotherhood and equality, and the idea of protecting women. While masculinity in these two societies was highly militarized, the soldiers took their role as domesticated men very serious and rarely followed instructions from censors as to what to write to their families. Although soldiers were separated from their loved ones and relationships were truly strained by separation, they never forgot their role at home.  A comparative framework has been employed to highlight significant differences in French and German ideals of masculinity. This includes an emphasis on religion among French soldiers and the concept of Heldentod in German letters.  The analysis of hundreds of letters in published or digitized collections complicates the image of French and German soldiers portrayed in both official propaganda and historians’ work. For example, French and German soldiers had different ideas concerning thoughts on the enemy and equality within the army took on different forms as well. Yet the soldiers from both nations had similar notions regarding goals of personal survival and the defence of the country.  Studies of World War One soldiers’ letters have overwhelmingly focused on English language sources. Therefore, an overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to existing research in the English language by using French and German sources. The aim of translating these letters is to facilitate the availability of foreign language sources for English-language historians.</p>

scholarly journals The letters of French and German soldiers in World War One

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebekka Sippel
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
Personal Survival ◽  
At Home

<p>This thesis uses letters written by French and German soldiers to investigate the mobilization of masculinity during World War One 1914-1918.  Through the letters of French and German soldiers of World War One, the thesis discusses the initial ways the soldiers were encouraged to enlist, which includes discussions on patriotism. The work also discusses the concepts of brotherhood and equality, and the idea of protecting women. While masculinity in these two societies was highly militarized, the soldiers took their role as domesticated men very serious and rarely followed instructions from censors as to what to write to their families. Although soldiers were separated from their loved ones and relationships were truly strained by separation, they never forgot their role at home.  A comparative framework has been employed to highlight significant differences in French and German ideals of masculinity. This includes an emphasis on religion among French soldiers and the concept of Heldentod in German letters.  The analysis of hundreds of letters in published or digitized collections complicates the image of French and German soldiers portrayed in both official propaganda and historians’ work. For example, French and German soldiers had different ideas concerning thoughts on the enemy and equality within the army took on different forms as well. Yet the soldiers from both nations had similar notions regarding goals of personal survival and the defence of the country.  Studies of World War One soldiers’ letters have overwhelmingly focused on English language sources. Therefore, an overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to existing research in the English language by using French and German sources. The aim of translating these letters is to facilitate the availability of foreign language sources for English-language historians.</p>

scholarly journals “If English Was Good Enough for Jesus, It’s Good Enough for Me”

Paideusis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Peter Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
World War ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
The World ◽  
Harmful Effects

Since the end of World War II, English has become the virtual lingua franca of the planet. However, this development carries significant ethical and educational questions: What are the consequences of the worldwide dominance of the English language? How has it affected and how will it affect the fortunes of other languages? What can and should we as educators to do to minimize or eliminate the harmful effects on some of the endangered languages of the world? This paper will invite educators into a philosophical discussion of the ethical complexities of teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language.

scholarly journals The Politics of War and the “Battle of Balaklava”

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
John Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Great War ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Return Home ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Great War ◽  
At Home

This paper seeks to aid and open further discussion on the impact upon Aboriginal communities and lives during and after World War One. We now know that over a thousand Aboriginal men enlisted and went overseas to fight for their so-called country during the Great War and that many made the ultimate sacrifice. But what was happening at home to their families and communities whilst they were away? Did they receive just recognition on their return home? These are some of the questions this paper will reveal and analyse.

scholarly journals School of Diplomatic English

2014 ◽  
pp. 203-205
Author(s):  
D. A. Kryachkov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
International Relations ◽  
English Language ◽  
State University ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Moscow State University

Chair of English Language № 1 considers itself the successor of the English Language Chair, established at the Faculty of International Relations at the Moscow State University during the World War II. After the Faculty was reformed into MGIMO the Department of English Language began to grow rapidly. Members of the chair develop textbooks and teaching materials designed to provide competence-based approach in the education in field of international affairs, the development of the professional proficiency in English, which are necessary for future participants of our foreign policy. To date, the chair staff consists of 60 professionals, including 26 PhDs. Teachers of the department also conduct research and take part in educational conferences both in Russia and abroad, including those devoted to the professional foreign language communication. Members of the chair also publish scientific articles in this field.

Writing a War of Words

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Mugglestone
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Change ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Total War ◽  
Language History ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Changing Roles

This book is the first exploration of the war-time quest by Andrew Clark to document changes in the English language from the start of World War One up to 1919. It describes Clark as a writer, historian, and long-time volunteer on the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. It focusses, however, on Clark’s unique series of lexical scrapbooks — replete with clippings, annotations, and real-time definitions which reveal, in unprecedented detail, his endeavours to record the intricacies of living language history in war-time use. For Clark, the language of great writers was cast aside. Instead, he chose to investigate language and its use by means of contemporary advertising and newspapers, pamphlets, and ephemera. Across his work, he provides a compelling account of language and language change, probing its role a prism of contemporary events, whether in relation to the changing roles of women, the nature of total war, and the diverse consequences – human and material – of modern and industrial conflict. The book traces Clark’s emphasis on words and sources which might otherwise be neglected, not least given his committed interest in ephemerality and change. In so doing, it offers fresh perspectives on received wisdom on the inexpressibilities of war, examines the diversities of war-time use from a wide range of angles, while stressing the need for Clark’s own recuperation as a innovative if ‘forgotten lexicographer’ of words in time.

From ‘Coolie’ to Transnational Agent

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Paul J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
First Episode ◽  
World War ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
World War One ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
International English

In April 2010 China Central Television’s international English-language channel (Channel Nine) broadcast a six-episode documentary in its series ‘New Frontiers’ hosted by Ji Xiaojun on the 130,000-plus Chinese workers recruited by the French and British governments during World War One. In portentous tones Ji Xiaojun boldly announced in the first episode that the World War One Chinese workers ‘stood shoulder to shoulder’ with British and French troops to combat German military aggression, and that in the process 20,000 of them were killed. Such a valuable contribution to the Allied victory, Ji continued, was not fully acknowledged by France and Britain until fifty years after the end of the war. Overall, the programme depicted the episode as a shining example of China’s positive and beneficial interaction with the world ...

THE EFFECTS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY ON PUBLIC ATTITUDES: EVIDENCE FROM THE CHINESE-SPEAKING WORLD

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Amy H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
English Language ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
World War ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Political Units

AbstractWhat explains public attitudes towards a former aggressor state? Conventional wisdom would suggest the prevalence of negative sentiments rooted in historical hatred. In this article we contend that when individuals are proficient in a foreign language—e.g. a lingua franca—they have an alternative channel through which they are exposed to positive narratives put forth by other parties regarding the former aggressor state. And as a result, their attitudes towards the former aggressor state are more positive than those held by their linguistically limited counterparts. To test our argument, we focus on public attitudes towards the Japanese in Mainland China, Singapore, and Taiwan—three Chinese-ethnic majority political units that experienced Japanese aggression leading up to and during World War II. Using survey data, we demonstrate that individuals who are proficient in the English language are much more likely to hold positive attitudes of the Japanese. These results are robust even when we consider whether some individuals are predisposed to being cosmopolitan; whether some individuals have more opportunities to learn English; and whether the linguistic effects are symptomatic of American soft power.

Study of Consonant Pronunciations Errors Committed by EFL Learners

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Khansir ◽  
Afsaneh Salehabadi
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Listening Skill ◽  
English Pronunciation ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Knowledge Of Language

As the topic suggests, the research paper presents Study of Consonant Pronunciations Errors Committed by EFL Learners. Error analysis always tries to resolve language learners’ problems in acquiring second or foreign language setting. Learning to English pronunciation is perhaps as important as learning listening skill, speaking, and spelling. Errors in English pronunciation create several problems for English language learners in their works. In other words, most of the English language errors of pronunciation are due to the lack of knowledge of language learners. However, all the students in our sample are of age group (16-25) at Bushehr language institute and they are all Iranian nationals. In addition, all of them were female learners. An English pronunciation (consonant) test was used to get information about the knowledge of the learners in English pronunciation. Findings of this article indicated that the first and second hypotheses of this article were accepted, but the third hypothesis was rejected. However, the findings of this paper showed that the Iranian EFL students have problem to pronounce English sounds correctly.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

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