scholarly journals Exploring the Livelihoods of Internally Displaced Persons in Kachin State, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Htu Tawng Lazum
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Emergency Assistance

<p>The issue of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) is a global crisis yet little research has been focused on the issue of the livelihoods of IDPs. Providing short-term emergency assistance is not enough when the period of displacement becomes permanent or longer than expected. IDPs need long-term solutions in order to resume a normal life. Pursuing appropriate livelihoods in urban areas is a big challenge yet constructing potential livelihoods is fundamental to achieving decent living not only for short-term situations but also for the long run. The lack of access to livelihoods is one of the most serious obstacles to durable solutions for IDPs, and long-term livelihood strategies are needed to lay the foundation for future development.  This study explores Kachin IDPs in Myanmar and their livelihood strategies and activities in urban camps by applying qualitative methods, the study focuses on how IDPs have been building their livelihoods during their displacement and who has been involved in supporting their livelihoods. This research also seeks insight into the effectiveness and sustainability of those livelihood activities and other potential strategies.   Results show that most livelihood activities are supported by both local and international humanitarian and development agencies and are mainly undertaken through local organisations. Agriculture and livestock rearing are preferred livelihoods of IDPs although getting appropriate land is challenging in urban areas. Income-generating programmes such as food processing, carpentry and bamboo handicrafts are also popular and successful activities. Moreover, tailoring, brick making, and pig rearing are also effective and helpful livelihoods for individuals. Those who are involved in livelihood support activities receive benefits and advantages for their family and daily needs while the majority of IDPs are working in day labouring. Respondents believe current livelihood activities can become sustainable as long as they maintain the quality of the products. Some IDPs have adapted to the city environment quite well by applying their capacity and the skills they learnt from humanitarian organisations. Supporting livelihood strategies may not resolve the problems of IDPs, however, it is an effective partial solution.</p>

scholarly journals Exploring the Livelihoods of Internally Displaced Persons in Kachin State, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Htu Tawng Lazum
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Emergency Assistance

<p>The issue of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) is a global crisis yet little research has been focused on the issue of the livelihoods of IDPs. Providing short-term emergency assistance is not enough when the period of displacement becomes permanent or longer than expected. IDPs need long-term solutions in order to resume a normal life. Pursuing appropriate livelihoods in urban areas is a big challenge yet constructing potential livelihoods is fundamental to achieving decent living not only for short-term situations but also for the long run. The lack of access to livelihoods is one of the most serious obstacles to durable solutions for IDPs, and long-term livelihood strategies are needed to lay the foundation for future development.  This study explores Kachin IDPs in Myanmar and their livelihood strategies and activities in urban camps by applying qualitative methods, the study focuses on how IDPs have been building their livelihoods during their displacement and who has been involved in supporting their livelihoods. This research also seeks insight into the effectiveness and sustainability of those livelihood activities and other potential strategies.   Results show that most livelihood activities are supported by both local and international humanitarian and development agencies and are mainly undertaken through local organisations. Agriculture and livestock rearing are preferred livelihoods of IDPs although getting appropriate land is challenging in urban areas. Income-generating programmes such as food processing, carpentry and bamboo handicrafts are also popular and successful activities. Moreover, tailoring, brick making, and pig rearing are also effective and helpful livelihoods for individuals. Those who are involved in livelihood support activities receive benefits and advantages for their family and daily needs while the majority of IDPs are working in day labouring. Respondents believe current livelihood activities can become sustainable as long as they maintain the quality of the products. Some IDPs have adapted to the city environment quite well by applying their capacity and the skills they learnt from humanitarian organisations. Supporting livelihood strategies may not resolve the problems of IDPs, however, it is an effective partial solution.</p>

Pengungsi — Indonesia's Internally Displaced Persons

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Indonesia currently has one of the largest groups of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) of any nation in the world. This paper assesses the scale and patterns of such movement in Indonesia as at the beginning of 2002. It begins by assessing conflict as a cause of internal migration and shows how such movement was significant during the first two decades of independence in Indonesia. The current patterns of movement of IDPs in Indonesia are then outlined with the main origins being in the Outer Island provinces of Maluku, East Timor, Aceh, Central Sulawesi, Central Kalimantan, Papua and West Kalimantan. Around half of the current 1.3 million IDPs are housed in “refugee camps,” often in crowded and unhygienic conditions. Several of the expulsions of IDPs have come from areas where there have been earlier influxes of migrants, especially transmigrants of Java-Bali origins and the so-called BBM (Bugis, Butonese and Makassarese from South Sulawesi), with different ethnoreligious backgrounds than the native residents. The release of central control following the fall of the Suharto regime and the onset of the financial crisis have seen simmering newcomer/native, ethnic, religious and economic tensions rise to the surface to create the large scale expulsions. The Indonesian government has put forward a strategy to “solve” the IDP problem by the end of 2002. This is assessed and some of the medium and long-term implications of the movement discussed.

Yemen’s Huthis will tighten their grip on Marib city

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Steady Improvement ◽  
The Military

Significance The coalition supports the internationally recognised government of President Abd Rabbu Mansur Hadi. However, the credibility of pro-Hadi forces has been sapped by the Huthis’ major territorial gains since February, especially over the past two months. Impacts The Huthis’ territorial gains will complicate efforts to provide aid to the million internally displaced persons living in Marib. With attacks on pumping stations ongoing, fighting in Shabwa and Marib could further damage oil and gas infrastructure. The weakening military position of the Hadi government will contribute to the further erosion of its already limited role in southern Yemen. The military standoff and steady improvement in the Huthis’ Iran-supplied drone technology will in the long run push Riyadh towards a deal.

scholarly journals Assessment of Designers’ Perception of Post Conflict Housing Schemes for Internally Displaced Persons

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedeji Olushola Afolabi ◽  
Adedapo Oluwatayo ◽  
Opeyemi Oyeyipo ◽  
Rapheal Ojelabi ◽  
Olabosipo Fagbenle
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Selection Of

With millions of internally displaced persons (IDPs) around the world, there is need to implement durable housing solutions post-conflict, that involves sustainable integration and sustainable reintegration using long term shelter programmes in the rural and urban areas. The study aims to assess designers’ assessment of post conflict housing schemes (PCHS) for internally displaced persons. Using a cross-sectional survey, the study utilized a questionnaire instrument distributed to one hundred (100) design professionals that have cognate field experience in the design, construction and management of post-conflict housing schemes. Statistical tools of bar chart, principal component analysis, categorical regression and one-way analysis of variance by SPSS v.21 was utilized. The study revealed that designers considered features such as external design and services, socio-cultural and space and maintenance features in the design of PCHS. Generalized factors considered in the selection of these features include demands of the household, choice/selection of building materials and population of IDPs. The study revealed that the failure of PCHS could be because of politics/partisanship, lack of international assistance/aid, need to make profit and non-involvement of IDPs in the rebuilding process, while the success of the scheme could be engendered by adequate participation of IDPs, effective monitoring mechanisms and increased government and non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) participation. In conclusion, the study developed a framework for the design of PCHS for IDPs. The study recommended that professional designers should objectively consider the contributions and characteristics of IDPs in the design of PCHS. In addition, international bodies should increase pressure on government to increase commitment in re-settling IDPs. NGOs should not relent in their efforts.

scholarly journals Effect of Sanitary-Environmental Conditions of Diabetic Hypertension Incidence in Displaced Persons

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muamer Muraspahić ◽  
Isaja Kastrat ◽  
Semsudin Plojović ◽  
Mirsad Imamovic ◽  
Sonja Ketin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
The Past ◽  
Autoimmune Antibodies ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: The abnormal conditions of life and genetic factors often play a major role in the incidence of "diabetes - diabetes", heart disease and vascular disease, jaundice and posttraumatic stress.AIM: Trauma and posttraumatic stress are most common in the displaced persons, and the focus of this paper is to focus on this issue regarding cases in former Yugoslavia, and now in our country. These diseases are caused by increased beta-cell sensitivity to viruses, the development of autoimmune antibodies attacking their pancreas cells, degenerative changes in cells that result in the change of structure and of insulin production.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this paper, we have taken into account the traumatic events and long-term psychosocial consequences for internally displaced persons, several years after displacement, and found a high level of PTSD symptoms.RESULTS: This stress is present in almost 1/3 of internally displaced persons, and every sixth person has suffered from PTSD in the past. Respondents suffer from symptoms of intrusion, but there was a large number of symptoms, such as avoidance and increased arousal. We also found that gender, age and education are related to the symptoms.CONCLUSION: Females, and older respondents and internally displaced persons with lower levels of education show a higher level of PTSD symptoms.

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