scholarly journals [Arabic medical literature in the nineteenth century]

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
A. Tekretti

The first Arabic medical publication was a book on smallpox written by a French author, translated by a Syrian translator and printed in Cairo around the year 1800. A few years later in 1827, a medical school, teaching in Arabic, was opened in Cairo, followed by a similar medical school in Beirut in 1867. The two schools triggered the production of a host of Arabic textbooks, dictionaries and medical journals. Despite the lack of available information, this paper endeavours to review the Arabic medical literature that appeared at the time of these two pioneer schools in the nineteenth century

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
T. E. C.

In scanning medical journals of the nineteenth century I have come across a number of bizarre anecdotal clinical reports. None, however, has yet equaled the case cited below. The following case is probably unique in the medical literature. My memory is refreshed from notes taken by DR. MEANS, who saw the case with me in consultation. Mrs. P, age 34, the mother of seven children and near full term in her eighth pregnancy, on November 16th. was gored by an infuriated ox. The horn of the beast entered at the anterior superior spinous process of the ilium, and made a rent extending to the umbilicus, and involving both the abdominal parietes and the walls of the uterus. The child was extruded through the wound in half an hour after the occurrence of the accident. When I arrived on the scene, I found the child fully delivered but remaining attached to the cord, which I ligatured and severed. There being no dilatation of either the os uteri or the vagina, I delivered the placenta through the rent and applied a bandage. The patient was almost lifeless from hemorrhage and shock, and I placed her on morphine and whisky. On the following day she was still alive and DR. MEANS was called in consultation at 9:30 a.m. The small intestines escaped from the wound on removal of the bandage, and were returned with much difficulty. The wound was now closed with interrupted sutures, a carbolized compress was applied, and the morphine and whisky continued internally. At 5:00 p.m. of the same day I found the pulse 130 and respiration 25 per minute; the abdomen was greatly distended, and the vital powers were fast becoming exhausted. On the following morning I found on my visit that the woman had expired at 10:00 o'clock of the previous night. SHAKESPEARE speaks of MACBETH as having been torn from his mother's womb by a wild boar, but probably the statement must be charged to poetic license. I believe the case I have above reported to be the only authentic case of Caesarian section performed by a beast on record. It may be interesting to know that the child suffered little or nothing from the violent and unusual method of delivery, and is alive to-day, a vigorous and thriving boy.


1966 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Suskind

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Harris ◽  
G Khera ◽  
A r Alanbuki ◽  
K Ray ◽  
W Yusuf ◽  
...  

Abstract Background On the 23rd March 2020 the government issued a nationwide lockdown in response to COVID-19. Using Microsoft Teams software, Brighton and Sussex Medical School transitioned to remote surgical teaching. We discuss the early feedback from students and tutors. Method All students (N = 40) and tutors (N = 7) were invited to complete an online feedback survey. Results Twenty students responded. Nine preferred remote teaching. The teaching was described as either good (10/20) or excellent (10/20). Small group teaching, lectures and student lead seminar sessions all received positive feedback. Students preferred sessions that were interactive. One hour was optimal (17/20). There was no consensus over class size. 15/20 (75%) would like remote teaching to continue after the pandemic. All tutors responded. There was a preference towards shorter sessions: 45 minutes (2/7) one hour (5/7). Tutors found virtual sessions less interactive (6/7). All tutors would like remote teaching to continue after the pandemic. Three suggested extending teaching to remote surgical ward rounds. Concern was raised by both students and tutors regarding the absence of practical skills. Conclusions The value of remote teaching has been highlighted by COVID-19. Our feedback recommends a transition towards blended learning; using the convenience of remote teaching to help augment traditional medical school teaching.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-739

Twenty medical scientists have been named as the fourth group of "Scholars in Medical Science" appointed by the John and Mary R. Markle Foundation as part of its program to keep young doctors on medical school teaching and research staffs, John M. Russell, executive director of the fund, announced yesterday. Mr. Russell also announced the decision of the Board of Directors to increase the amount of the grant $1,000 a year, making the 5 year total $30,000 instead of $25,000.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-135
Author(s):  
T. E. C.

John Arbuthnot (1667-1735),1 physician to Queen Anne, claimed that "above a tenth part of Infants die in Teething by Symptoms proceeding from the irritation of the tender parts of the Jaws." He, along with many others, including Ambroise Paré (1510-1590),2 recommended lancing the gums in difficult cases. The same recommendation was found in many American medical journals well into the nineteenth century, as is evident in this quotation published in 1857.3 The principal thing in the treatment of these cases, is to lance the gums freely. A superficial incision will be of no avail; the gums must be cut down until the lancet impinges on the approaching tooth. The only caution required, is that the incision be inclined outwards, in order to avoid the tissues which connect the permanent and temporary teeth. . . . The operation requires considerable skill and caution to ensure its safe and effectual performance. The terrors of the mother and the restlessness of the infant, frequently render it by no means an easy operation; and the careless operator is apt to wound either the cheeks or tongue, to make the incisions too superficially to be of the slightest use. The prejudices of former writers against this invaluable operation scarcely require comment; but as we still find a few, and we are happy to say a very few individuals, who retain a bigoted faith in the absurd dogmata of their forefathers, we will briefly refer to the objections which have been urged against the utility of lancing the gums.


2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinjini Das

AbstractThe historiography of medicine in South Asia often assumes the presence of preordained, homogenous, coherent and clearly-bound medical systems. They also tend to take the existence of a medical ‘mainstream’ for granted. This article argues that the idea of an ‘orthodox’, ‘mainstream’ named allopathy and one of its ‘alternatives’ homoeopathy were co-produced in Bengal. It emphasises the role of the supposed ‘fringe’, ie. homoeopathy, in identifying and organising the ‘orthodoxy’ of the time. The shared market for medicine and print provided a crucial platform where such binary identities such as ‘homoeopaths’ and ‘allopaths’ were constituted and reinforced. This article focuses on a range of polemical writings by physicians in the Bengali print market since the 1860s. Published mostly in late nineteenth-century popular medical journals, these concerned the nature, definition and scope of ‘scientific’ medicine. The article highlights these published disputes and critical correspondence among physicians as instrumental in simultaneously shaping the categories ‘allopathy’ and ‘homoeopathy’ in Bengali print. It unravels how contemporary understandings of race, culture and nationalism informed these medical discussions. It further explores the status of these medical contestations, often self-consciously termed ‘debates’, as an essential contemporary trope in discussing ‘science’ in the vernacular.


Author(s):  
Laura Kelly

The early nineteenth century has been frequently hailed as the ‘golden age of Irish medicine’ as result of the work of physicians Robert Graves and William Stokes, whose emphasis on bedside teaching earned fame for the Meath Hospital where they were based. However, by the 1850s and for much of the nineteenth century, Irish medical education had fallen into ill-repute. Irish schools were plagued by economic difficulties, poor conditions, sham certificate system, night lectures and grinding, all of these affected student experience in different ways. Furthermore, intense competition between medical schools meant that students wielded a great deal of power as consumers. Irish students had a remarkable amount of freedom with regard to their education and qualifications. As the medical profession became increasingly professionalised, student behaviour improved but disturbances and protests in relation to professional matters or standards of education replaced earlier rowdiness. The nineteenth century also witnessed complaints by medical students about the quality of the education they were receiving, resulting, for example, in a series of visitations to Queen’s College Cork and Queen’s College Galway. This chapter highlights these distinctive aspects of Irish medical education while illustrating the power of Irish students in the period as consumers.


2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 311-332
Author(s):  
Anas Tahir ◽  
Mohaimen Al-Zubaidy ◽  
Danial Naqvi ◽  
Ali Tarfiee ◽  
Falak Naqvi ◽  
...  

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  

Thomas Graham Brown was a neurophysiologist well known in the twenties for the detailed studies of reflex movement and posture which he made by Sherrington’s methods, and perhaps better known in the thirties as the redoubtable climber who had found several new routes to the summit of Mont Blanc. He was born in 1882 in Edinburgh. His father, Dr J. J. Graham Brown, was to be President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh in 1912 and was related to several of the eminent doctors who had maintained the reputation of the Edinburgh Medical School throughout the nineteenth century. It was natural therefore that the son should be trained to medicine and should go to his father’s school, the Edinburgh Academy, and afterwards to the University as a medical student. There were four children in the family, Thomas, the eldest, a brother who became a Captain in the Royal Navy, one who became an architect and one sister. The two elder boys used sometimes to sail with their father in the yacht which he shared with a friend, and in Thomas the interest revived when he was too old for climbing but could still make long cruises in a small motor boat. When he was a schoolboy he was fond of swimming and diving, skating and golf, but there was a period when his eyesight was troublesome and he was sent to an oculist friend of his father in Wiesbaden to be treated and to learn German.


BMJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. i1636
Author(s):  
Raj Pradhan ◽  
Rebecca Bourdon-Pierre ◽  
Matt Green ◽  
Gopal Mahadev

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