THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY IN PROVIDING RADIATION SAFETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Kalbay Rustamovich Babanazarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals AN ORPHAN SOURCE OF IONIZING RADIATION AS A FACTOR OF BREACH OF RADIATION AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
T. I. Khalapsina
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Orphan Sources ◽  
Local Radiation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

Objective: to estimate the hazard of radiation safety to the population and the environment in the Republic of Belarus analyzing the information about discovered orphan sources of ionizing radiation over 2003-2015. Material and methods. The work describes the method of cluster analysis, which made it possible to systematize and analyze the operative information of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus about orphan sources of ionizing radiation in the territory of the country. Results. It has been found out that 55 % of all the episodes of local radiation pollution of the environment happened in the city of Minsk and Minsk region, out of them 61 % - at economic entities. We have performed the assessment of hazards of point and areal radiation pollution of the environment.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS TO INCREASE THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Svetlana Izmailovich ◽  
Aydin Rahmanov
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Ecological Policy ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Development

This article justifies, that questions of environmental protection, protection of natural resources, ecological safety are the most actual for effective development of economic systems. In the modern economic situation, coherence and administrative leverage in total with ecological taxation and insurance are forceful instruments to move towards the model of «green» economy. The main goal is to consult the theoretical and practical experience of formation the ecological safety under the paradigm of «green» economy of European countries and the Republic of Belarus based on analysis of main financial instruments of the state ecological policy. The main tasks are: identifying mechanism of formation of ecological safety in conditions of green economy in European countries and in the Republic of Belarus; identify and systematization of main financial instruments for state ecological policy; justification of necessity and directions for improvement the ecological taxation and insurance. Methodology of the study is based on the principles of the system analysis, formal logic and interdisciplinary scientific approach to the problem. Monographic and descriptive method, method of analysis and synthesis, statistical data analysis method were used to complete the tasks of research. Novelty of this research is that systematization of theoretical practical foundations of state management of ecological safety through financial instruments of green economy can increase the effectiveness of the stable development of the economic system.

scholarly journals Engineering and Ecological Assessment of Nuclear Powered Ships Dismantling

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Хвостова ◽  
Marina Khvostova
Keyword(s):  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Nuclear And Radiation Safety ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Population And Environment

The article considers basic approaches to dismantling of nuclear-powered guided missile heavy cruisers on the example of the nuclear-powered guided missile heavy cruiser "Admiral Ushakov", as well as conceptual questions of safety during planned dismantling. The major factors that have impact on choosing the strategy of dismantling and on ensuring nuclear, radiation and ecological safety of the personnel, population and environment during dismantling are considered. The conclusion is that maintaining and servicing decommissioned nuclear powered ships and their reactor installations, along with operations in the course of subsequent dismantling of nuclear powered ships have no fundamental differences from the corresponding conditions and operations for nuclear submarines. “Shiprepairing Center “Zvezdochka” JSC has longterm experience of maintaining and dismantling nuclear submarines, including fuel discharge of dozens of marine reactor plants. This experience convincingly confirms high reliability of procedures (including on nuclear and radiation safety and on inadmissible impacts on environment) embedded into domestic projects of marine reactor plants, and acceptability of regulations and technologies applied by “Shiprepairing Center “Zvezdochka” JSC during corresponding operations including such potentially dangerous ones as discharging nuclear reactors and further treatment of the spent nuclear fuel.

scholarly journals About development of control levels of specific total alpha-activity in water samples for a number of sources of the centralized economic and drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2(св)) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
A. A. Pivovarov ◽  
E. A. Pivovarova ◽  
V. E. Kurganov
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the work is to develop control levels of specific total alpha-activity of water samples for a number of sources of centralized drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia on the basis of the results of long-term laboratory studies. Materials and methods. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the results of laboratory studies of water sources of centralized drinking water supply of the population of the Republic of Khakassia, performed by accredited testing laboratories of institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Republic for the period from 2001 to 2018, using alpha-beta radiometric, alpha-spectrometric methods with radiochemical preparation of counting samples, gamma-spectrometric method. The control levels of specific total alpha-activity of water samples from the sources of centralized drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia were established by the statistical maximum – the sum of the average value with a doubled standard deviation, with the volume of research more than 30, and the maximum value with the volume of research less than 30. Results. About half of the studied water samples from the sources of the centralized drinking water supply of the Republic of Khakassia, annually, are noted with exceeding the control level of specific total alpha-activity (0,2 Bq/kg). The values obtained in the studied samples vary up to 5,57 Bq/kg. During the observation period, samples of water exceeding the reference level of specific total alpha-activity (0.2 Bq/kg) were identified in settlements of the Altai, Askizsky, Beysky, Bogradsky, Ordzhonikidzevsky, Tashtypsky, Ust–Abakansky, Shira districts and the city of Sorsk, smt. Prigorsk (Chernogorsk). In previous studies, it was found that high levels of specific total alpha-activity in the country are mainly due to natural radionuclides uranium-238 (238U), uranium-234 (234U). In a number of settlements of the Republic, the sum of the ratio of specific activities of natural radionuclides to the corresponding levels of intervention exceeds 1,0. Average annual individual effective doses of internal exposure to natural radionuclides of drinking water, at or above 0,1 mSv/year (values in the range of 0,1-0,2 mSv/year), which does not require urgent radiation protection measures. At the same time, monitoring of indicators of radiation safety of water sources of water supply should be carried out in accordance with the established requirements. In this connection, in order to improve control, for the rapid assessment of the radiation situation and making timely decisions to ensure radiation safety of the population, the calculation of control levels of specific total alpha-activity was carried out. As a result of calculations, specific values of control levels for each of water source were obtained. The calculated values range from 0,2 to 2,6 Bq/kg. Conclusion. The control levels are “site standards” and are calculated for each of the source of water supply. Their excess will be considered as a signal of “negative change” of the radiation situation”, which may be associated with an increase of the specific activities of 234U, 238U, or the appearance of highly radiotoxic radionuclides: 226Ra, 210Po, 228Ra.

scholarly journals Ecological and radiation safety of Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Victor Yurov ◽  
Evgeniy Eremin ◽  
Sergey Guchenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Uranium Tailings ◽  
Central Asian Republics

Previous calculations showed that in the Kyrgyz Republic 7.2% of the total population are exposed to the “radiation risk”, in the Republic of Kazakhstan - about 3%, in the Republic of Tajikistan - 1.7% and in the Republic of Uzbekistan - 0.3%. The number of radiation-contaminated territories in the Republics of Central Asia is equal: the Kyrgyz Republic contains about 132 million m3 of waste, the Republic of Tajikistan contains about 180 million m3 of waste, the Republic of Uzbekistan contains 640 million m3 of waste, and the Republic of Kazakhstan contains approximately 10,000 million m3 of waste. Total: in the four Republics of Central Asia, the total amount of radioactive waste is 10952 million m3. Taking as a basis the limited liability company “Vismut GmbH” from Germany, which carried out the reclamation of uranium tailings with a volume of 160 million m3 of tailings at a cost of about 8 billion euros for about 37 years. Using a thermodynamic approach, it is shown that the costs of reclamation of uranium tailings for the four Central Asian Republics will be 548 billion euros, and the duration will be about 40 years.

scholarly journals Information system for nuclear material accounting and control

Doklady BGUIR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
S. N. Sytova ◽  
A. P. Dunets ◽  
A. N. Kavalenka ◽  
S. V. Charapitsa
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Nuclear Material ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Nuclear And Radiation Safety ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Material Accounting

A brief description of information system for nuclear material accounting developed for the national regulator in the field of nuclear and radiation safety - the Department for Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus (Gosatomnadzor) is given. The information system is a part of the Intellectual information system of a Gosatomnadzor employee to ensure control (supervision) in the field of nuclear and radiation safety. It is developed on the basis of free software. The system has been implemented in Gosatomnadzor and at present in the Republic of Belarus all nuclear material accounting with reporting to the IAEA is carried out with its help. The system, in full compliance with the IAEA requirements, provides automatic generation with all the necessary calculations based on the input data of the following reporting documents: physical inventory listing, inventory change report, material balance report, textual report, General Ledger. All reports are fully consistent each with other. An efficient mechanism has been developed for importing and exporting data from / to the system according to formats of fixed and labelled Code 10 required by the IAEA. All logs of the system describing reports contain a field “IAEA approved” (yes / no). If it set to “yes”, they are closed for editing and correction. A special tool has been developed for making adjustments to these documents in accordance with the IAEA rules. The system contains fully completed reference books (small journals referenced by all major journals in the database) with the necessary reference data in accordance with Code 10. The information system meets all the IAEA requirements for such systems of national regulators in the field of accounting, control and supervision of nuclear material. It can be easily translated into other languages and adapted for the needs of accounting and control of nuclear material in operating organizations.

scholarly journals On the Issue of Regional Policy in the Sphere of Ecological Safety (Based on the Documents Concerning the Republic of Kalmykia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elza I. Mantaeva ◽  
Victoria S. Goldenova ◽  
Inna V. Slobodchikova ◽  
Elena A. Angykaeva
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
The Republic

Time and Latitude in South Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J. Hers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Astronomical Determination ◽  
Limited Accuracy ◽  
Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

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