scholarly journals Distribution Patterns of Exotic Plant Chromolaena odorata, in Rehabilitation Zone at Donglo Block, Resort of Wonoasri, Meru Betiri National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwi Wardatul Rizkiah ◽  
Hari Sulistiyowati ◽  
Arif Mohammad Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Exotic Plant ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Original Habitat ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Exotic plants are plants that are introduced intentionally or unintentionally from their original habitat to a new habitat. One of the exotic plants that is potentially invasive is Chromolaena odorata. These plants are found a lot especially in the rehabilitation zone at Donglo Block Resort of Wonoasri, Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP). An initial effort to determine whether this exotic plant was potentially invasive was to use the distribution pattern of a plant population. This study aimed to determine the distribution pattern and area of cover of exotic plants C. odorata in rehabilitation zone at Donglo Block, Resort of Wonoasri MBNP. The sampling of C. odorata used the transect plot method systematically, which carried out in Donglo Block Resort of Wonoasri MBNP. Data analyzed using Morisita index. The map of distribution pattern of C. odorata was created using the Geographic Information System (GIS). Based on the results of the Morisita index, the value (Iδ) = 12.39, which means that C. odorata has a clumped distribution pattern. The distribution pattern of C. odorata can also be seen from the visualization of the spatial distribution map, which shows that the growth of C. odorata in plants or overlaps with each other, hence that it looks clustered. The coverage area of C. odorata in the study location was 596,5 m2 or 29.24% of the total area of the study (20,400 m2). Based on the results of the coverage area of C. odorata, it was indicated that this exotic species is not yet classified as an invasive species in the area.

Ecological and environmental indicators of Brazil Nut Tree (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) in Flona do Jamari, Rondônia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-751
Author(s):  
Nilson Reinaldo Fernandes dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Diogo Martins Rosa ◽  
José Das Dores de Sá Rocha ◽  
Marta Silvana Volpato Sccoti ◽  
Scheila Cristina Biazatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Individual Trees

Mapping Brazil nut trees in the Amazon is essential for indicating its distribution patterns within different ecosystems, while also being useful to estimate the species productive potential. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of Brazil nut trees in Flona do Jamari – RO, considering its environmental and topographic conditions. A census was performed for all individual trees sized ≥ 35 cm in diameter at 1.30 m breast height (DBH) above the ground of six Annual Production Units (APU) in Forest Management Unit III (FMU-III), a 11,011.2 ha area of Flona do Jamari, RO. DBH and geographic location (GPS) were collected for each tree. Structure and diameter distribution were evaluated by abundance, density, dominance, and frequency. The Morisita index was used to identify the spatial distribution pattern. The environment was defined by the local relative height found along the drainage network, by the digital model Height Above the Nearest Drainage (HAND). Most trees were among DBH intermediate classes (60 to 140 cm), and only a few were young trees (DBH < 50 cm). Brazil nut trees present a random spatial distribution and a predominant distribution pattern of 'terra-firme (solid ground)'. Such information on the species structural, spatial, and ecological patterns serve as key elements for further studies on production potential.

scholarly journals Population distribution patterns of Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. in Kerangas Forest of Teluk Adang Nature Reserve, Paser Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Ratna Juliarti Wulandari ◽  
Muhammad Sumaryono ◽  
Ali Suhardiman
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spatial Cluster ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Spatial Cluster Analysis ◽  
Morisita Index

Teluk Adang Nature Reserve (NR) is one of the Nepenthes habitats in East Kalimantan. One of the four Nepenthes species that can be found in this nature reserve is Nepenthes reinwardtiana or by local people known as anjat datu. The objectives of this study are to determine the population of N. reinwardtiana in Teluk Adang NR by calculating its density and frequency, and  to know its distribution pattern using Morisita index and spatial analysis approach in the form of Nearest Neighbor Analysis and Multi-Distance Spatial Cluster Analysis (Ripley's K Function). To know its distribution pattern, a census method by creating 5m x 5m plot along the observation track was done. The results showed that there were 2,943 individuals of N. reinwardtiana in Teluk Adang NR. Standardized Morisita Dispersion Index was 0.51, 0.55, and 0.51 in Tajur Village, Pasir Mayang Village, and Janju Village, respectively. The spatial distribution of N. reinwardtiana was clustered. Research on the distribution of N. reinwardtiana and its habitat needs to be carried out continuously so that its population in the Teluk Adang NR can be monitored.

scholarly journals Kondisi Populasi Dan Pola Penyebaran Anggrek Eria Spp. Di Resort Balik Bukit Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kurnia Albarkati ◽  
Indriyanto Indriyanto ◽  
Yusnita Yusnita
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Sampling Intensity ◽  
Different Types

Forest area of Balik Bukit Resort allocated as regions of natural preservation.  This area hasmany potential/natural resources that could be developed. This area is located at BukitBarisan Selatan National Park which have diverse types of flora, including various types oforchids. Approximately there were 154 typeof orchids in this area(Indonesia Institute ofSciences, 2011). This research aims were to know the population and distribution patterns ofEria spp orchids.This research was conducted in August 2015. The method used is the doubleplots systematically method with sampling intensity (SI) 0.1%. The size of each swath of 20 mx 20 m and the total area of the Balik Bukit Resort was 3,560 ha, so that the total number ofsample plots were 90 units. The observed variables were types of Orchid, Orchid populationsand patterns of spread of Eria spp. Based on the results of the study, there were 10 different types of Eria spp.. Eria iridifolia found most of 22.50 individuals/ha compared to other typesof orchids Eria. Followed by the type of E. erecta of 14.72 individuals/ha E. flavescens andtype of 8.33 individuals/ha. Whereas other types is E. discolor, E. javanica, E. junghunii, E.mucronata, E. oblitterata, E. retusa, E. robusta has a density of 1 — 4 individuals/ha.Distribution pattern of the orchids E. discolor, E. erecta, E. flavescens, E. iridifolia, E.javanica, E. mucronata, E. obletterata, and E. retusa enter into the category of a huddle.While the orchids E. junghunii belonging to the category of uniform and the orchids E.robusta into random categories.Keywords: distribution pattern, Eria spp. orchids, population

scholarly journals Geographical Analysis of the Distribution and Spread of Exotic Plant Species in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Deborah Kurtz ◽  
Richard Aspinall ◽  
Katherine Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Exotic Plant ◽  
Exotic Plant Species ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Park Service

The effects of introduced exotic species in natural environments are becoming important issues in conservation biology and natural resource management and recent scientific literature reveals increasing concern regarding the spread of invasive exotic plant species (Allen, 1996; Vitousek et al. 1996; Walker and Smith, 1997). Ecological consequences of these species include increased competition for space, water, and nutrients with native plants (which could result in a decrease in biodiversity), decreased forage quality for native ungulates, and changes in the microenvironments where the establishments took place (Woods, 1997). Sheley et al (1998) list several ecologically and economically detrimental impacts of exotic species. The National Park Service recognizes the need to protect ecosystems from exotic species (National Park Service, 1997) through management based on the ability to predict species distributions and spread, and monitoring in areas that are most susceptible to invasion. Recommended strategies for preventing the spread of exotic species include developing an early warning system to identify and eradicate new infestations of exotic plants in National Parks, and continued inventory and monitoring of exotic plants (National Park Service, 1997). These strategies will be based on assessment of the distribution and spread of exotic plants (National Park Service, 1997) using remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies for mapping and monitoring exotic plants, and models to predict the invasiveness and spread of exotic plants. In Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), exotic species are a great concern for park managers (National Park Service, 1997). Of the 1000 species of flowering plants within GTNP, there are also four (possibly five) rare plants that may be threatened as a result of competition with exotics (Wyoming Rare Plant Technical Committee, 1994): Draba borealis (Boreal draba), Epipactis gigantea (Giant helleborine), Lesquerella carinata var. carinata (Keeled bladderpod), Lesquerella paysonni (Payson's bladderpod), and possibly Draba densifolia var. apiculata (Rockcress draba). The continued survival of these sensitive plants in GTNP increases the need for management of exotic plants. GTNP has implemented a classification system for exotic plant species that consists of three priority levels (GTNP, 1997a). Priority 1 species are designated as "noxious" since they are capable of invading natural ecosystems and disrupting or displacing native vegetation. Currently, there are thirteen exotic plant species with a Priority 1 status within GTNP (Table 1 ).

scholarly journals Exotic Plants of Northern Rocky Mountain Environmental Zones

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Bryant Woods ◽  
Tad Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
National Park ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Exotic Plant ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Exotic Invaders

The Rocky Mountain exotic plant project is designed to determine (1) what exotics are capable of invading disturbed sites in major vegetational (environmental) zones of the Northern Rocky Mountains and (2) whether they are capable of invading near-climax closed vegetation in these zones. As an accessory activity we are determining (3) what natives are invading the same disturbed zones since we hope to find, among them, species likely to be successful on these sites and therefore species that might competitively exclude exotic invaders. A second accessory project of interest to managers, but with less immediate scientific value, was designed to (4) record the present distribution of major weeds along roadsides of Grand Teton National Park as they were recorded in Glacier during 1983-84.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN POLA DISTRIBUSI GASTROPODA MANGROVE DI TELUK PANGPANG BLOK JATI PAPAK TN ALAS PURWO BANYUWANGI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Lina Susanti ◽  
Fuad Ardiyansayh ◽  
Hasyim As'ari
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Purposive Sampling

The gastropods diversity have a role towards stability ecosystem in trophic level. The existence gastropods really take effect for other organism the trophic level higher than gastropods. The purpose of was to determine the value  of diverity and distribution patterns of gastropods in the mangrove forest, Jati Papak Block National Park Alas Purwo. The method used in this research is by using purposive sampling method. Sampling was divided into three stations with a range of 250 m from each station.Each station is 220 m of long and 96 m of wide with a plot measuring 2 × 2 m2. The result obtained 8 families of Gastropods with 13 genus and 19 species. Gastropods diversity ranges from H`=1.387-1.359 which indicates that the area has a moderate diversity value. The distribution pattern of gastropods between location has two distribution patterns, namely clustered and random distribution patterns

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution Patterns of Lantana camara L. Population as Invasive Alien Species In Pringtali Savana Bandealit Resort Meru Betiri National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Hari Sulistiyowati ◽  
Emitria Rahmawati ◽  
Retno Wimbaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual

Bandealit is one of the resorts in Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP). This area has many endemic floras and faunas affected by the presence of invasive alien spesies plants. These plants tend to give negative impacts on savana ecosystem among them is, Lantana camara L. The distribution of this invasive alien spesies in the savana can be used to provide information about the characteristic of the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the patterns of spatial distribution of invasive alien L. camara population in the Pringtali Resort Bandealit savana region. The characters of plant species morphology was recorded for species name identification and validation. Percent cover of the individual L. camara species was collected within 50 plots (5x5 m2), while each of coordinate species found in the plots was recorded by using GPS (Global Positioning System). Abiotic factors such as temperature, pH, light intensity, and soil moisture were measured within the plots. The location of the data collection is 5,000 m2. The distribution pattern of invasive alien L. camara population was analyzed using ArcGIS and Dispersion Morisita’s Index (Ip). The result showed that 51.7% of L. camara population grew spasially close together (clumped) or overlapped one another based on the ArcGIS. This means that L. camara individuals distributein clumped pattern. While the other individuals (48.3%) grew apart randomly from each other. This distribution pattern showed by Ip value, 0.51 was also clumped or clustered. It can be concluded that the distribution pattern ofinvasive alien species L. camara is clumped because the reproduction of plant was by seeds dispersal or vegetative buds that lived around parental individuals.Keywords: ArcGIS, Lantana camara L., Invasive Foreign Plants, Morisita index, Distribution Pattern.

scholarly journals The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSINTOWATI SUSINTOWATI ◽  
NYOMAN PUNIAWATI ◽  
ERNY POEDJIRAHAJOE ◽  
NIKEN SATUTI NUR HANDAYANI ◽  
SUWARNO HADISUSANTO
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
Diverse Environment ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Diversity Profile

Abstract. Susintowati, Puniawati N, Poedjirahajoe, Handayani NSN, Hadisusanto S. 2019. The intertidal gastropods (Gastropoda: Mollusca) diversity and taxa distribution in Alas Purwo National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2016-2027. Gastropods play an essential role in the ecosystem and can be used as bioindicators of environmental pollution. Understanding of their behavior, habitat, and distribution, and how these factors evolve, is crucial. This paper aimed to describe the diversity of the gastropod community and their spatial taxa distribution, based on the specimen frequency across all observed samples, in the diverse environment of Alas Purwo National Park (APNP), East Java, Indonesia. We studied eight beaches and two mangroves areas, and the study areas of the intertidal zone divided into upper, middle, and lower zones towards the sea. The purposive sampling was used to determine the locations and multi-plot quadrats for observations. The diversity of gastropods was elucidated by using the Shannon and Simpson indexes, while the Morisita index was applied for analyzing their spatial distribution pattern. However, the correspondence analysis and principal component analysis were performed using the software of PAST 3.22 for describing the diversity profile and individual rarefaction of gastropods together with environmental quality. There were three beach types: rocky, sandy, and muddy beaches were found in APNP. The highest diversity index (H’) was found on Pancur beach: H’ = 3.271, D = 0.947 of 67 species. The spatial distribution pattern of gastropods species was weakly clumped to random, with Ip: 0.165 - 0.016. Gastropods, both predators and scavengers, were distributed from the upper to lower zones. The distribution of gastropods in APNP is mostly in type B. These results expand our knowledge of gastropods diversity and distribution of Indonesia’s beach and can contribute to the future environmental assessments of biodiversity of tropical intertidal zones worldwide.

Analisis Rantai Nilai Komoditas Cabai Merah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
Dhamon Oridilla B
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Data Analyst ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Government ◽  
Red Peppers

Candi Village in Bandungan District is one of the Chili Supply Sub-district for Semarang Regency and surrounding area has agro-climate suitable for the development of various agricultural commodities supported by wide market opportunity, so it is suitable for agricultural business development. The purpose of this research is to identify the distribution pattern of red pepper, to know each value of commodity chains and distribution, to design alternative distribution pattern of red pepper.Population in this research is 88 respondents from 735 of member of chilli farmer in Desa Candi with total area of 150,3 hectare consisting of rice field, moor and yard. Methods of data analyst using quantitative approach is done by using Margin Marketing Analysis. The results include: (1) The pattern of distribution of existing farming business grows naturally in accordance with the developments and needs of the perpetrators, the actors in this pattern are farmers, wholesalers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, consumers. (2) The value of the red chili commodity chain in this naturally grown pattern often makes pricing more dominant by traders, so farmers receive prices slightly lower than market prices. (3) Some obstacles faced in distributing red peppers are the difficulty of changing the mindset of the community about advanced farming, this is best utilized by market participants (chain of distribution) who are more informed and always keep abreast of market dynamics. Conventional marketing pattern by farmer cause price level accepted by farmer in general relatively smaller compared to price received by trader. Suggestions shorten the chain of distribution patterns, increase the added value of products and improve the bargaining position of farmers and for the government always guide / accompany farmers in getting accurate market information, which can be used as farmers in bargaining, Increased market transparency can act as a trigger for the functioning of a market, improved competition and increased adaptation to meet the needs of supply and opportunity to compete with market prices. Desa Candi di Kabupaten Bandungan adalah salah satu Kecamatan Penyedia Cabai untuk Kabupaten Semarang dan sekitarnya memiliki agroklimat yang cocok untuk pengembangan berbagai komoditas pertanian yang didukung oleh peluang pasar yang luas, sehingga sangat cocok untuk pengembangan bisnis pertanian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pola distribusi cabai merah, untuk mengetahui masing-masing nilai rantai komoditas dan distribusi, untuk merancang alternatif pola distribusi cabai merah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 88 responden dari 735 anggota petani cabai di Desa Candi dengan total luas 150,3 hektar yang terdiri dari sawah, tegalan dan pekarangan. Metode analis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan Analisis Pemasaran Margin. Hasil meliputi: (1) Pola distribusi usaha pertanian yang ada tumbuh secara alami sesuai dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan pelaku, pelaku dalam pola ini adalah petani, pedagang besar, pengumpul, pedagang besar, pedagang besar, pengecer, konsumen. (2) Nilai rantai komoditas cabai merah dalam pola yang dikembangkan secara alami ini sering membuat penetapan harga lebih dominan oleh para pedagang, sehingga petani menerima harga yang sedikit lebih rendah daripada harga pasar. (3) Beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam mendistribusikan paprika merah adalah sulitnya mengubah pola pikir masyarakat tentang pertanian maju, hal ini paling baik digunakan oleh pelaku pasar (rantai distribusi) yang lebih banyak informasi dan selalu mengikuti perkembangan dinamika pasar. Pola pemasaran konvensional oleh petani menyebabkan tingkat harga yang diterima petani pada umumnya relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan harga yang diterima pedagang. Saran mempersingkat rantai pola distribusi, meningkatkan nilai tambah produk dan meningkatkan posisi tawar petani dan bagi pemerintah selalu membimbing / menemani petani dalam mendapatkan informasi pasar yang akurat, yang dapat digunakan sebagai petani dalam tawar-menawar, Peningkatan transparansi pasar dapat bertindak sebagai pemicu berfungsinya pasar, meningkatnya kompetisi dan peningkatan adaptasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasokan dan peluang untuk bersaing dengan harga pasar.

scholarly journals An update on the distribution of Glossina (tsetse flies) at the wildlife-human-livestock interface of Akagera National Park, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Gashururu ◽  
Samuel M. Githigia ◽  
Methode N. Gasana ◽  
Richard Habimana ◽  
Ndichu Maingi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Glossina Pallidipes ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Biconical Traps

Abstract Background Glossina (tsetse flies) biologically transmit trypanosomes that infect both humans and animals. Knowledge of their distribution patterns is a key element to better understand the transmission dynamics of trypanosomosis. Tsetse distribution in Rwanda has not been well enough documented, and little is known on their current distribution. This study determined the current spatial distribution, abundance, diversity, and seasonal variations of tsetse flies in and around the Akagera National Park. Methods A longitudinal stratified sampling following the seasons was used. Biconical traps were deployed in 55 sites for 6 consecutive days of each study month from May 2018 to June 2019 and emptied every 48 h. Flies were identified using FAO keys, and the number of flies per trap day (FTD) was used to determine the apparent density. Pearson chi-square (χ2) and parametrical tests (t-test and ANOVA) were used to determine the variations between the variables. The significance (p < 0.05) at 95% confidence interval was considered. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between tsetse occurrence and the associated predictors. Results A total of 39,516 tsetse flies were collected, of which 73.4 and 26.6% were from inside Akagera NP and the interface area, respectively. Female flies accounted for 61.3 while 38.7% were males. Two species were identified, i.e. G. pallidipes [n = 29,121, 7.4 flies/trap/day (FTD)] and G. morsitans centralis (n = 10,395; 2.6 FTD). The statistical difference in numbers was significant between the two species (p = 0.000). The flies were more abundant during the wet season (15.8 FTD) than the dry season (4.2 FTD). Large numbers of flies were trapped around the swamp areas (69.1 FTD) inside the park and in Nyagatare District (11.2 FTD) at the interface. Glossina morsitans was 0.218 times less likely to occur outside the park. The chance of co-existing between the two species reduced outside the protected area (0.021 times). Conclusions The occurrence of Glossina seems to be limited to the protected Akagera NP and a narrow band of its surrounding areas. This finding will be crucial to design appropriate control strategies. Glossina pallidipes was found in higher numbers and therefore is conceivably the most important vector of trypanosomosis. Regional coordinated control and regular monitoring of Glossina distribution are recommended. Graphic Abstract

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