Weed Survey Associated in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in Bilatte Tobacco Farm, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Daniel Abebe ◽  
Mekonnen Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Weed Survey

An in-field weed survey method was conducted to estimate the most frequently, density and abundance weed species present in Bilatte tobacco farm, Ethiopia during 2014 totally covered approximately 145 hectares. During study period a total number of 14 weed species belonging to 06 monocot and 08 dicot families were recorded out of 7 families of weed reported form study site. The most predominate was shown by monocot Poaceae having 4 weed species followed by dicot family Composite having 3 weeds. The families Cyperaceous, Solanaceae and Amaranthaceous each having 2 weeds, and the family Papaverceae represented by 1 weed. Based on % of frequency Cyperus esculentus (sedges) family Cyperaceous was 99.30. The data showed that Cynodon dactylon and Digitaria abyssinica belong to family Poaceae and Cyperus esculentus family Cyperaceous were the most abundant weed with a density of 35.9, 14 and 12 of plant m-2 respectively. Relative abundance values quantify the overall weed problem posed by specie Cyperus esculentus that had higher relative abundance was 98.97. The importance value index indicated that Cyperaceous and Poaceae families can be considered the great potential to cause reduce tobacco production. Whereas, Solanium nigrum and Datura stramonium were observed with least population density 0.00 and 1.03 plant m-2, least frequently 2.7 and 13.51 %, least relative weed abundance, 0.07 and 1.03 with importance value index 2.8 and 14.8 occurring weed respectively.

scholarly journals Diversity of Weed Species in Farms Kisii Central Sub-County, Western Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Charles N. Nyamwamu ◽  
Rebecca Karanja ◽  
Peter Mwangi
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Equal Distance

This study sought to determine species diversity and Importance Values (IV) of weeds in farms in Kisii Central Sub County, Western Kenya. Eight administrative sub-locations were randomly selected. Ten farms were selected at equal distance along transect laid across each sub-location. Quadrant and a line transect laid across each farm were used to collect weed species. Five rectangular quadrants of 0.5x2m were established in each farm and individuals of each weed species identified and counted. Importance value (IV) for each weed species was computed from density, frequency and abundance. Diversity was computed by Shannon index (H’). Twenty four weed species from 22 genera in 10 families were recorded, Family Asteraceae had the highest number of species (6), followed by Solanaceae and Poaceae with 4 and 3 species respectively. The dominant weed species were Galinsoga parviflora(IV=241.6%), Pennisetum clandestinum(IV=215.8.7%),Bidens pilosa(IV=196.7%), Cynodon dactylon (IV=192.4%), Digitaria scalarum(IV=180.8%) and Cyperus esculentus(172.0%). Weed species diversity was higher (H'=2.81).

scholarly journals Phytosociology in Degraded and Renewed Pastures in Agrosilvopastoral Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. DIAS ◽  
M.V. SANTOS ◽  
E.A. FERREIRA ◽  
T.G.S BRAZ ◽  
L.V. FIGUEIREDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Index ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Agrosilvopastoral Systems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sida Cordifolia

ABSTRACT: In pastures, the incidence of weeds reduces the productivity and quality of forage. The identification of the weed species in pastures is fundamental to choose the renewal method. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform phytosociology before and after the renewal of a Brachiaria decumbens pasture, with the implantation of agrosilvopastoral systems. Eighteen different crop arrangements for pasture renewal were evaluated. The renewal systems were by eucalyptus integration (at 12 x 2 m or 12 x 3 m spacings) with maize, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (palisade grass) and/or Macrotyloma axillare (perennial horsegram), or monoculture and intercropping of palisade grass and perennial horsegram, as well as the evaluation of the application or not of the herbicide bentazon, at the recommended dose for maize crops (0.72 kg ha-1). Relative frequency, relative density, relative abundance, relative dominance, coverage value index, importance value index, dry matter and similarity index were evaluated. In the first survey, before the pasture renewal, 23 plant species were identified. After the implantation of agrosilvopastoral systems, the species Sida cordifolia, Lantana camara and B. decumbens were the only occurring ones before and after the renewal of the pasture with agrosilvopastoral systems. The use of palisade grass and the application of the herbicide were efficient in controlling weeds. In systems that contained palisade grass and perennial horsegram, the latter was not found in the survey conducted one year after the implantation.

scholarly journals WEED INCIDENCE AFTER SOYBEAN HARVEST IN NO-TILL AND CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE CROPROTATION SYSTEMS IN RORAIMA’S CERRADO

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A.A. ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
T.S. SANTOS ◽  
T.S. CASTRO ◽  
V.F. MELO ◽  
P.R.R. ROCHA
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
No Till ◽  
Rotational Systems ◽  
Botanical Classification

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of weeds after soybean harvest in rotational systems of no-till and conventional tillage in the savannah of Roraima, Brazil. Two simultaneous experiments were conducted in adjacent areas, the first one with no-till soil management system and the second one with the conventional system, with crop rotations for five agricultural years: pearlmillet (2007/2008), soybean (2008/2009), maize (2009/2010), cowpea with maize (2010/2011), soybean (2011/2012) and maize (2012/2013). The used experimental design was the randomized block one with 28 plots, sized 3 x 15 m (45 m2) distributed in 4 blocks. In May 2010, the combined sowing of cowpea and maize was performed, and later, during the same month of 2011 soybean was sown. Thirty days after harvesting, weeds were collected. The botanical classification of species was performed by classes, families, scientific and popular names, as well as comparisons with specialized bibliographies. The evaluated phyto-sociological parameters were: relative frequency (FRR), relative density (DRR), dominance (Do), importance value index (IVI), Sorensen’s similarity index (SI), numbers of individuals (ha-1) and dry mass (%). Among the 37 species found in both planting systems, 60% belonged to the Liliopsida class; Fabaceae and Malvaceae stood out. However, Poaceae, belonging to the Magnoliopsida class, had the highest number of species in both systems. Most weed species were common in both systems.

Diversity of Weeds and Population Dynamics of Predators and Prey Present in Wheat-Mustard Ecosystem at Paklihawa, Rupandehi, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
S. Khanal ◽  
S. Adhikari ◽  
A. Bhattarai ◽  
S. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Given

A study was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa Rupandehi, agronomy field to study the diversity of weeds and population dynamics of predators and prey in wheat-mustard ecosystem. The study was conducted by quadrate sampling method using the wooden frame by selecting 40 sample spots, and locating its coordinates. Predator, prey, some of the beneficial and harmful insects as well as weed species was recorded in 5 days interval in the study. Relationships between the population of the mustard aphid and wheat aphid, lady bird beetle to maximum and minimum temperature were recorded in order to know the effect of temperature in relation to population density. Number of mustard aphid and its nymph has shown the positive significant relationship with the population of the spider in the wheat mustard ecosystem. Shannon Weiner Index value was calculated and the species richness was found to be 2.63 with the effective number of species value 9. The species evenness value was found to be 0.83 in the studied ecosystem which signifies that the given weed ecosystem is somewhat even. The importance value index (IVI) of the given ecosystem with the value of different weed species was calculated and it was found that the weed Anagalis arvensis was ranked as first with the IVI value of 57.98 following Vicia sativa and Chenopodium album. This signifies that the species Anagalis arvensis has greater control over the wheat mustard ecosystem of Paklihawa, Rupandehi.

scholarly journals Field study on weeds incidence in rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.).

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
MT Akhter ◽  
PB Kundu ◽  
NK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Infestation

A survey was conducted to highlight the weed flora infesting rapeseed in the experimental field of Rajshahi University. Frequency (F), density (D), abundance (A), relative frequency (RF), relative density (RD), relative abundance (RA) and importance value index (IVI %) of weeds were calculated in rapeseed field. The objective of the study was to study the weeds and their quantitative characters. Weed infestation was studied in three rapeseed varieties (BARI Sharisha 14, BINA Sharisha 5 and 6). The weed population was studied using quadrat. The species which had 100% frequency values were Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Ammania baccifera, Echinochloa crusgalli and Leucas lavendulifolia. Other species had 50% or less than 50% frequency values. The highest frequency, density, abundance and importance value index were exhibited by Cyperus rotundus. J. bio-sci. 26: 01-06, 2018

scholarly journals Floristic diversity of the soil weed seedbank in boro rice fields: in situ and ex situ evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402
Author(s):  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Mahfuza Begum ◽  
Md. Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Shannon Index ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Weed Survey ◽  
Boro Rice

This study was conducted at the research fields of Agronomy Field Laboratory and in the net house of Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The objective of this study was to compare the in situ and ex situ floristic diversity of soil weed seedbank in boro rice. The soil weed seedbank status was observed through weed survey at research fields and seed germination method in the net house. Five fields were selected randomly with four replications. Soil samples were collected to a depth up to 15 cm and placed in plastic pots in the net house. Weed seedlings that emerged were identified, counted and removed at 30 day intervals throughout the four months emergence period. At the same time, weed survey was done using a 0.25 m–2 quadrate. Diversity was computed by the Shannon index (H’). Under in situ condition, 31 weed species belonging to 15 families germinated and 33 weed species belonging to 17 families germinated under ex situ condition. The family Cyperaceae had the highest species richness under both in situ and ex situ conditions. The five most dominant weed species under in situ condition based on importance value were Eleocharis atroperpurea > Cyperus difformis > Echinochloa crusgalli > Monochoria vaginalis > Lindernia antipoda whereas, under ex situ condition, two new weed species, Fimbristylis miliacea and Echinochloa colonum were observed in the dominant list instead of Monochoria vaginalis and Lindernia antipoda having slightly different rank and order. The ex situ density was 2721 plants m–2, approximately four times higher than the 700 plants m–2 observed under in situ situation and similarly ex situ condition had higher Shannon Index (H’) value (H’=2.412) indicating greater diversity than in situ (H’=2.211) condition. The information obtained from the study would help determine the infestation potential of identified species, which could lead to improved management strategies. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 396–402, December 2018

scholarly journals Ervas daninha em pastagens: uma abordagem fitossociológica nas áreas do Ceará

Agrarian ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (45) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Josefa Maria Francieli da Silva ◽  
Hercules Gustavo Santos Sarmento ◽  
Hellen Thayse Nascimento Araújo ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
Lamartine Soares Cardoso de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
The One ◽  
Absolute Dominance ◽  
Nicandra Physalodes

The aim of this study was to study the phytosociology of weed species in areas of pasture cultivated with Brachiaria decumbens and Cynodon sp. (Tifton 85), in Ceará State, Brazil. The square inventory methodology was used in order to assess the weed community. Weed samples were quantified and classified by family, genus and species, using books and classification keys. The classification and quantification data of species allowed to calculate the following phytosociological variables: frequency (F), relative frequency (Fr), density (D), relative density (Dr), absolute dominance (DoA), relative dominance (DoR), importance value index (IVI), and similarity index (IS). The Amaranthaceae family was the one with the greatest intensity of species in both areas, represented mainly by Alternanthera tenera colla and Amaranthus viridis. In the area cultivated with B. decumbens, Cyperus rotundus presented higher results for frequency, density and abundance. In the Tifton 85 area, Nicandra physalodes presented higher values of density and abundance. The similarity of weed populations in pasture areas was 42.11%, with four species common to both areas.

scholarly journals Comparison of true mangrove stands in Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, North Gorontalo District, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
FAIZAL KASIM ◽  
MIFTAHUL KHAIR KADIM ◽  
SITTI NURSINAR ◽  
ZULKIFLI KARIM ◽  
ALDIN LAMALANGO
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Index ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
The Mean

Kasim F, Kadim MK, Nursinar S, Karim Z, Lamalango A. 2019. Comparison of true mangrove stands in Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, North Gorontalo District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 259-266. This study aimed to investigate and compare the current status of mangrove areas, as well as the composition and species diversity of mangrove stands in both regions of Dudepo and Ponelo Islands. The results showed that the mangrove areas calculated using the segmentation method in classifying image of Landsat-8 OLI (acquisition on September 2017) were 279.46 ha (Dudepo Island) and 113.35 ha (Ponelo Island) respectively. A total of 13 species of true mangrove were recorded from both islands, using survey method from 9 transect lines (TL), with a distance ranging from 40 to 210 meters (1-6 quadrats) per transect. The mean densities of trees were 2133 ± 329.78 ha-1 (Dudepo Island) and 2111 ± 234.28 ha-1 (Ponelo Island), while those of saplings and seedlings were 58 ± 13.48 ha-1 and 1425 ± 113.96 ha-1 (Dudepo Island), and 79 ± 14.51 ha-1 and 2963 ± 443.22 ha-1 (Ponelo Island). The mean diameter and basal area were 19.73 ± 10.65 cm and 84.22 ± 67.67 m2ha-1 (Dudepo Island), 17.04 ± 1.46 cm and 60.07 ± 15.12 m2ha-1 (Ponelo Island), respectively. The Importance Value Index (IVI) ranged between 3.97-114.87 (Dudepo Island) and 6.04-82.18 (Ponelo Island). The dominant and codominant species based on IVI in both islands were Rhizophora apiculata Blume and R. stylosa Griff. The indexes of diversity, richness, and evenness of mangrove species in both islands were 0.34-1.70, 0.48-1.18, 0.47-0.94 (trees), 0.00-1.10, 0.00-1.82, 0.00-1.00 (saplings), and 0.00.-1.48, 0.00-1.44, 0.72-1.00 (seedlings), respectively. The Bray-Curtis similarity index between Dudepo and Ponelo Islands, based on the overall values of community attributes, was 0.75.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Rattan Types at Various Height of Growing Areas in Rompo Village Lore Lindu National Park Area, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Imran Rachman ◽  
Adam Malik ◽  
Naharuddin Naharuddin ◽  
Andi Sahri Alam
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Lore Lindu National Park

Non-timber forest products were potential assets to generate foreign exchange. Some types of which had good prospects and were in demand in the world of trade were rattan, gondorukem, eucalyptus and cassava. The purpose of this study was to determine the rattan types diversity in Rompo Village, Lore Lindu National Park. The study was conducted in December 2018 to March 2019. This research used the "survey" method by making a plot measuring 20 m x 20 m along to 1000 m. The distance between one track to another was to 200 m. The results showed that the type of Lambang Rattan (Calamus ornatus var celebicus Becc) had the highest density of 563.75 individuals/ha, then Pai Rattan (Calamus koordersianus Becc) 229 individuals/ha, Batang Rattan (Calamus zollingeri Becc) 183 individuals/ha, Ibo Rattan (Calamus ahlidurii) 52 individuals/ha, Rattan Tohiti Botol (Calamus sp) 46.25 individuals/ha, Pute Rattan (Calamus leiocaulis Becc ex. Heyne) 11.75 individuals/ha, Karuku Rattan (Calamus macrosphaerica Becc) 10 individuals/ha and the smallest was the type of Tohiti Wulo Rattan (Calamus sp) 9.75 individuals/ha. Rattan which had the highest Importance Value Index was the Lambang Rattan (Calamus ornatus var celebicus Becc) with an Importance Value Index value of 72.14% while the rattan that had the lowest Importance Value Index was Tohiti Wulo Rattan (Calamus sp) with an INP value of 5.02%. The level of species diversity (H ') of the rattan types found in the research location was classified as moderate with an H value of 1.75. The higher the area where the rattan is grown, the fewer types of rattan that can grow and only small rattan can grow on high ground, especially Tohiti rattan and large rattan cannot be found any more like Lambang rattan.

DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF WEEDS IN WHEAT CROP GROWN IN DISTRICT KHANEWAL, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Tamana Bakht ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weed Infestation

Weed infestation is among the main biotic factors affecting growth and yield of various crops. This issue is more drastic for cereal crops like wheat which is the staple food crop of over 2.5 billion population of the world. One the control strategy is the investigated the distribution pattern of weeds under field conditions. In this regard, a survey study was conducted to investigate the distribution pattern of weed species in wheat crop during 2016-18 in district Khanewal, Punjab Pakistan. Thirty-six weed species distributed among fifteen different families collected from the study area. Family Poaceae was dominant with 10 species while family Asteraceae was the second most dominant family with four weed species. Cynadon dactylon was the most frequently found specie with frequency value 79.1% while Paspalum distichum had the highest importance value index (6.96) among the weeds of the study area.

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