Modified solid-contact sensors for determination of cefuroxime and cefalexin in medicines and oral fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Kulapina ◽  
A. E. Dubasova ◽  
O. I. Kulapina
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Potentiometric Sensors ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotics ◽  
Contact Sensors

Cefuroxime, cefuroxime axetil and cefalexin are broad-spectrum pluripotential cephalosporin antibiotics. Their determination in various objects suggests using expensive spectroscopic, chromatographic, electrochemical equipment and organic solvents. Potentiometric sensors can provide rapid detection of cephalosporin antibiotics in a small sample volume without a preliminary sample preparation. The study is aimed at the developing of modified solid-contact potentiometric sensors for determination of cefuroxime and cefalexin in aqueous, biological media, and pharmaceuticals. The electroanalytical characteristics of unmodified and modified polyaniline and copper oxide nanoparticle sensors are evaluated. Tetradecylammonium(TDA) with a silver (I) – cefuroxime complex are used as the active membrane components, whereas polyaniline and copper oxide nanoparticles are used as modifiers. The main electroanalytic and operational characteristics of the studied sensors in aqueous solutions of antibiotics and against the background of oral fluid (LRP) are determined. The results of comparative evaluation of the electroanalytical properties of unmodified and modified solid-contact sensors in aqueous media of some â-lactam antibiotics and against the background of oral fluid are presented. The sensors based on Ag (Cefur)2TDA are characterized by a short response time: for modified polyaniline (PAN) and copper oxide nanoparticles within 5 – 10 sec, for unmodified — 10 – 20 sec. The linear range of the electrode functions for unmodified and modified sensors is 1 × 10–4 – 1 × 10–1 M, the detection limit is 7.4 × 10–5 M for unmodified and 6.3 × 10–5 M for modified sensors, respectively. The potential drift is 6 – 12 and 4 – 6 mV/day, service life is 1.5 and 2 months for unmodified and modified sensors, respectively. The modifiers stabilize the electrode potential, perform the function of the electron transfer mediator thus enhancing the electroanalytical characteristics of the sensors. The effect of the redox agents on the sensor properties is revealed: 1 × 10–3 – 1 × 10–4 MK 2Cr2O7 and FeCl3 solutions reduce the linearity intervals of the electrode functions, KI and Mohr’s salt do not affect the characteristics of the sensors in cefuroxime and cephalexin solutions. The coefficients of potentiometric selectivity of cefuroxime-selective sensors (modified with CuO nanoparticles) with respect to cefazolin, cefotaxime, and cefalexin are close to unity; Kijpot with respect to inorganic anions being part of the oral fluid (, Cl Br,I,HCO3 ,H PO 24 ,HPO4 2) are n × 10–2 – n × 10–3. This indicates the possibility of using sensors for detecting individual cephalosporin antibiotics or their total content in the presence of 100 – 1000 fold excesses of inorganic ions in medicinal and biological environments, small sample volumes, which is important when studying the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics and in determination of the maximum therapeutic dose when adjusting the treatment process.

Arrays of solid contact potentiometric sensors for separate determination of some cephalosporin antibiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
E. G. Kulapina ◽  
A. E. Dubasova ◽  
O. I. Kulapina ◽  
V. D. Ankina
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Potentiometric Sensors ◽  
Separate Determination ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotics

Arrays of potentiometric sensors including developed solid-contact unmodified and modified sensors based on tetradecylammonium associates with complex compounds of silver (1) and some β-lactam antibiotics (cefazoline, cefuroxime, cefotaxime (n = 3 – 6)) are proposed; polyaniline and copper oxide being modifiers. The main electroanalytic properties of the sensors are determined (the range of the determined concentrations in antibiotic solutions 1 × 10–4 – 0.1 M, 46.3 < S < 48, Cmin = n × 10–5 М, response time 4 – 10 sec, potential drift 4 – 6 mV/day, service life — 2 months). It is shown that modification of the membrane surfaces brings the steepness of the electrode functions to Nernst-values for single-charged ions of the antibiotics under study; reduces the response time and the detection limits, the linearity intervals of the electrode functions being the same. The potentiometric selectivity coefficients of unmodified and modified sensors based on different electrode active components (EAC) to the studied cephalosporins in the presence of interfering antibiotics are close to unity; cross sensitivity parameters for the considered sensors (the average slope of the electrode function of the sensor Sav, the unselectivity factor F, and the reproducibility factor K) are 46.3 < S (mV/pC) < 48; 0.85 < F < 0.90; 144 < K < 170, respectively. Application of sensors in the multisensory analysis of model mixtures of cephalosporin antibiotics is shown. Method of artificial neural networks (ANN) is used for processing of analytical signals. The correctness of the determination is carried out using «spike tests» on the reference model mixtures (the relative error of the determination does not exceed 12 %).

Effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on gene expression of NMDA receptor

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Ivan Andreevich Sitnikov ◽  
Daria Ramilevna Shaikhova ◽  
Anna Mikhailovna Amromina ◽  
Marina Petrovna Sutunkova ◽  
Yuliya Vladimirovna Ryabova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Introduction. Copper plays an important role in the metabolism of the brain, but particles of copper, in the nanometer range, exhibit neurotoxic properties and cause malfunctioning of brain cells. Material and methods. For 6 weeks, 3 times a week, the animals were injected with a suspension of NPs of copper oxide. The determination of the expression of the genes GRIN1, GRIN2a, and GRIN2b, encoding the proteins GluN1, GluN2a, and GluN2b, respectively, was carried out by real-time PCR with probes. Results. A statistically significant decrease in the expression level of genes encoding NMDA receptor proteins was determined when exposed to 0.5 mg/ml CuO nanoparticles (ΔCt(GRIN1) = 0.813; ΔCt(GRIN2A) = 3.477; ΔCt(GRIN2B) = 1.37) in comparison with control group (ΔCt(GRIN1) = 6.301; ΔCt(GRIN2A) = 7.823; ΔCt(GRIN2B) = 4.747). Conclusion. Evaluation of gene expression of the NMDA receptor may be present in a genetic marker to determine the toxic effect of copper oxide nanoparticles; however, further studies are needed, including behavioral tests to confirm the clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders.

Determination of thiourea using a carbon paste electrode decorated with copper oxide nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 180 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Tian ◽  
Ye Gao ◽  
Libo Li ◽  
Weibin Wu ◽  
Ding Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Carbon Paste Electrode ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Paste Electrode

scholarly journals Highly Functionalized Modified Metal Oxides Polymeric Sensors for Potentiometric Determination of Letrozole in Commercial Oral Tablets and Biosamples

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mahmoud Shawky ◽  
Maha Farouk El-Tohamy
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Phosphomolybdic Acid ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Potentiometric Sensors ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Linear Relationships

The advanced and high-functional activities of magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles encourage the extensive use of these metal oxides as remarkable electroactive materials in electrochemical and sensing detections. The current study described a comparative sensing activity and selectivity of modified coated wire membrane sensors enriched with magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles for quantifying the breast cancer medication letrozole (LTZ) in its pharmaceutical form and human plasma. The fabricated sensors were based on the incorporation of LTZ with phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) to form the electroactive complex letrozole-phosphomolybate (LTZ-PM) in the presence of o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (o-NPOE) as a solvent mediator. Under optimum conditions, the modified sensors LTZ-PM-MgONPs and LTZ-PM-CuONPs demonstrated linear relationships of 1.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10−2 and 1.0 × 10−10–1.0 × 10−2 mol L−1, respectively. Least square equations were calculated as EmV = (56.4 ± 0.7) log [LTZ] + 569.6 and EmV = (58.7 ± 0.3) log [LTZ] + 692.6 for LTZ-PM-MgONPs and LTZ-PM-CuONPs, respectively. The conventional type LTZ-PM showed a potential response EmV = (53.3 ± 0.5) log [LTZ] + 451.4 over concentration range of 1.0 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−2 mol L−1. The suggested sensors were successfully used to determine LTZ in pharmaceutical formulations and biosamples. Method validation ensured the suitability of the suggested potentiometric sensors.

ANTIBIOTIC PROFILE AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AGAINST Pseudomonas fluorescens ISOLATED FROM WOUND INFECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Qassim Raheem ◽  
Takwa S. Al-meamar ◽  
Anas M. Almamoori
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nps ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay

Fifty specimens were collected from wound patients who visited Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital. The samples were grown on Blood and MacConkey agar for 24-48 hr at 37oC. The bacterial isolates which achieved as a pure and predominant growth from clinical samples as Pseudomonas fluorescens, were identified using morphological properties and Vitek2 system. The anti-bacterial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) against was tested by (disk diffusion assay) using dilutions of (400, 200, 100, 50, 25, and 12.5‎µ‎g/ml). The (MIC and MBC) of each isolate was determined. CuO NPs shows wide spectrum antibacterial activity against tested bacteria with rise zone of inhibition diameter that is proportionate with the increase in nanoparticle concentration. The MIC of CuO NPs extended from 100-200‎µ‎g/ml and the MBC ranged from 200-400‎µ‎g/ml. The antibiotic profile was determined by Viteck 2 compact system (Biomérieux). CuO NPs‎ found highly effective and safe in P. fluorescens wounds infections comparing with used antibiotics.

Green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using aloe vera extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemalatha D ◽  
Saraswath S
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cupric Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fouriertransform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Effective Use

In material science, green method for synthesis of nanomaterials is feasible, cheaper and eco-friendly protocol. To accomplish this phenomenon, present study was aimed to synthesize Copper oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Aloevera with two different precursors CuCl2.2H2O (Cupric chloride) and CuSo4.5H2O (Cupric sulfate). The extraction of Aloevera is employed as reducing and stabilizing agent for this synthesis.Copper oxide Nanoparticles is effective use of biomedical application due to their antibacterial function. The synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT- IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM). XRD studies reveal the crystallographic nature of Copper oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore the Copper oxide nanoparticles have good Antibacterial activity against both gram negative (E.Coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) and gram positive (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus)bacteria.

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