USE OF PCR-ANALYSIS METHODS FOR EVALUATING COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
E.A. YUROVA ◽  
◽  
S.A. FILCHAKOVA ◽  
N.A. ZHIZHIN
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Modern Analysis ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The need to improve the quality and accuracy of measurements of the composition and properties of milk and dairy products leads to the wider use of modern analysis methods, including methods of molecular genetic research. The use of the PCR analysis method to identify the species composition of dairy products is the most promising. The paper considers the possibility of developing a measurement technique for assessing the composition 24 and properties of milk and dairy products using molecular genetic methods of analysis (PCR, PCR-RFLP, and sequencing). Evaluation of the sensitivity of the method and its metrological characteristics helped determine the most suitable research method.

scholarly journals Genetic identification of bovine leukaemia virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Donnik ◽  
Irina Donnik ◽  
Ramil Vafin ◽  
Ramil Vafin ◽  
Aram Galstyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Phylogenetic Classification ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Molecular genetic research methods make it possible to evaluate the genetic diversity of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and are the most informative approaches to its genetic identification. Molecular genetic research methods work well for the phylogenetic analysis of sequenced nucleotide DNA sequences of the provirus, as well as for the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) according to the phylogenetic classification of the pathogen. The purpose of the research was to study the scientific and methodological approaches to the genetic identification of bovine leukemia virus, integrated into the molecular monitoring of infection of cattle with BLV genotypes. The authors used PCR-RFLP-genotyping and comparative phylogenetic analysis of aligned nucleotide sequences of the env gene fragment of the BLV provirus isolates to detect the genotypic affiliation of the cattle from twenty-one livestock farms of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result, isolates of four out of ten BLV genotypes were found in the Tatarstani cattle, namely genotypes 1, 4, 7, and 8. The research involved a comparative analysis of 505 nucleotide sequences of a fragment of the BLV env gene, including those deposited in GenBank NCBI. The analysis confirms the inconsistency of several earlier PCR-RFLP typing strategies with the current approach in assessing the genotypic diversity by phylogenetic analysis. The improved strategy of PCR-RFLP genotyping of BLV corresponds with its modern phylogenetic classification. The strategy makes it possible to identify all the known genotypes of the viral pathogen. Its validity has been proved by in silico modelling of restrictogrammes and a phylogenetic analysis of the env gene fragment of 57 reference isolates of ten BLV genotypes that generate 57 genotype-associated combinations of diagnostically significant PCR-RFLP profiles.

Application of the method of multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify the species composition of milk and dairy products

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Николай Анатольевич Жижин
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Идентификация пищевого сырья, применяемого для производства продуктов питания, является важным аспектом безопасности здоровья человека. Развитие аллергических реакций, непереносимость отдельных компонентов пищи и т. д. являются поводом для вынесения информации о составе пищевой продукции на этикеточную надпись. Также к важным факторам оценки продуктов питания можно отнести и видовую «чистоту». Этот показатель необходимо учитывать не только в качестве выявления фальсификации продукции более дешевым сырьем, но и для безопасности конечного потребителя. Для идентификации видового состава молока и молочной продукции достаточно успешно используется метод полимеразной цепной реакции. Развитие этого метода привело к появлению различных подходов его использования. Одним из них является метод мультиплексной полимеразной реакции, который позволяет одновременно проводить процесс амплификации различных последовательностей ДНК. Что позволяет использовать данный метод для одновременного определения двух и более видов сельскохозяйственных животных в течение проведения одного ПЦР-анализа. В данной работе показаны возможности применения мультиплексной ПЦР для идентификации молока и молочной продукции. Показано, что в течение одного анализа определяются специфические праймеры, характерные для трех видов животных: коровы, овцы и козы. Применяемая методика также была использована на молочной продукции, прошедшей термическую обработку, в результате чего установлена возможность использования мультиплексной ПЦР для анализа такой продукции. Предел обнаружения при проведении ПЦР-анализа составил 0,1 %. The identification of food raw materials used for food production is an important aspect of human health safety. Development of allergic reactions, intolerance to certain food components, etc. are the reason for placing information on the composition of food products on the label inscription. Species «purity» can also be attributed to the important factors in assessing food products. This indicator must be taken into account not only as a detection of product counterfeiting with cheaper raw materials, but also for the safety of the end consumer. To identify the species composition of milk and dairy products, the method of polymerase chain reaction is quite successfully used. The development of this method has led to the emergence of various approaches to its use. One of which is the multiplex polymerase reaction method, which allows simultaneous amplification of various DNA sequences. That allows you to use this method for the simultaneous determination of two or more species of farm animals during one PCR analysis. In this work, the possibilities of using multiplex PCR for the identification of milk and dairy products were shown. It was shown that during one analysis, specific primers characteristic of three species of animals: cow, sheep and goat are determined. The applied technique was also used on heat-treated dairy products, as a result of which the possibility of using multiplex PCR for the analysis of such products was established. The detection limit for PCR analysis was 0.1 %.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Food Sources of Protein and Relationships with Personal and Family Factors in Spanish Children Aged One to < 10 Years: Findings of the EsNuPI Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062
Author(s):  
Casandra Madrigal ◽  
María José Soto-Méndez ◽  
Ángela Hernández-Ruiz ◽  
Teresa Valero ◽  
Federico Lara Villoslada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Diet in the first years of life is an important factor in growth and development. Dietary protein is a critical macronutrient that provides both essential and nonessential amino acids required for sustaining all body functions and procedures, providing the structural basis to maintain life and healthy development and growth in children. In this study, our aim was to describe the total protein intake, type and food sources of protein, the adequacy to the Population Reference Intake (PRI) for protein by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) by the Institute of Medicine (IoM). Furthermore, we analyzed whether the consumption of dairy products (including regular milk, dairy products, or adapted milk formulas) is associated with nutrient adequacy and the contribution of protein to diet and whole dietary profile in the two cohorts of the EsNuPI (in English, Nutritional Study in the Spanish Pediatric Population) study; one cohort was representative of the Spanish population from one to < 10 years old (n = 707) (Spanish reference cohort, SRS) who reported consuming all kinds of milk and one was a cohort of the same age who reported consuming adapted milk over the last year (including follow-on formula, growing up milk, toddler’s milk, and enriched and fortified milks) (n = 741) (adapted milk consumers cohort, AMS). The children of both cohorts had a high contribution from protein to total energy intake (16.79% SRS and 15.63% AMS) and a high total protein intake (60.89 g/day SRS and 53.43 g/day AMS). We observed that protein intake in Spanish children aged one to < 10 years old was above the European and international recommendations, as well as the recommended percentages for energy intakes. The main protein sources were milk and dairy products (28% SRS and 29% AMS) and meat and meat products (27% SRS and 26% AMS), followed by cereals (16% SRS and 15% AMS), fish and shellfish (8% in both cohorts), eggs (5% SRS and 6% AMS), and legumes (4% in both cohorts). In our study population, protein intake was mainly from an animal origin (meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, fish and shellfish, and eggs) rather than from a plant origin (cereals and legumes). Future studies should investigate the long-term effect of dietary protein in early childhood on growth and body composition, and whether high protein intake affects health later in life.

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