APPLICATION OF THE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR CULTIVATION OF POTATOES IN THE MOSCOW REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
V. I. BALABANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Mother Tuber ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Constant Rate

The article analyzes the indicators of the gross harvest of potatoes in the Moscow region in recent years. It has been proven that an increase in acreage does not always lead to an increase in gross harvest. It is equally important to provide comfortable conditions for the growth and development of plants. Precipitation in the Moscow region in the spring and summer period falls extremely unevenly: days with heavy rains forming a layer of precipitation of tens of millimeters alternate with non-precipitating days and weeks. The necessity of additional irrigation to create an optimal water – air balance for the development of plants is substantiated and the advantages of using drip irrigation for these purpose which allows the delivery of irrigation water directly to the root zone of the plant are estimated. It is recommended to combine operations on the formation of potato ridges with the laying of a drip tape since in the initial period of development the plant has enough moisture reserves of the mother tuber and additional watering is not required. The design of the drip tape stacker based on the Grimme GF-75/4 ridge former has been developed to increase the degree of mechanization when laying the drip tape. At a working speed of 3.2…5.5 km/h the productivity of the machine was 0.51…0.97 ha/h. In the course of further research the irrigation rate was calculated taking into account the elliptical shape of the humidification contour which made it possible to exclude excessive watering. After the installation of the drip irrigation system, irrigation was carried out at a constant rate when the moisture capacity reached 70% of the uultimate field moisture capacity with the adjustment of the time between irrigations. The use of the drip irrigation system made it possible to increase the yield of potatoes of the varieties Red Scarlett and Zhukovsky Early by 26.5% … 28%, respectively.

scholarly journals DINÂMICA DA OBSTRUÇÃO DE EMISSORES USADOS NA CULTURA DA UVA UTILIZANDO ÁGUA SALINA DE POÇO SUBTERRANEO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
ROBERTO CASTRO NASCIMENTO ◽  
PEDRO ROBINSON FERNANDES DE MEDEIROS ◽  
GABIANE SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
ELTON CARLOS PEREIRA VIEIRA DE ALENCAR TELES ◽  
DAYANE RODRIGUES GONÇALVES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Country Club

DINÂMICA DA OBSTRUÇÃO DE EMISSORES USADOS NA CULTURA DA UVA UTILIZANDO ÁGUA SALINA DE POÇO SUBTERRANEO  ROBERTO CASTRO NASCIMENTO1; PEDRO ROBINSON FERNANDES DE MEDEIROS2; GABIANE SOUZA SANTOS1; ELTON CARLOS PEREIRA VIEIRA DE ALENCAR TELES1; DAYANE RODRIGUES GONÇALVES1 E ANA PRISCILA FELIX MARTINS2 1Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – Campus Juazeiro, Av. Antonio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300 – Juazeiro, BA. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – Campus Juazeiro, Av. Antonio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300 – Juazeiro, BA. [email protected]  1 RESUMO A irrigação localizada envolve os sistemas onde a água é aplicada diretamente sobre a região da raiz, em pequenas intensidades, mas com alta freqüência, a fim de manter a umidade do solo na zona radicular próxima à capacidade de campo, sendo de grande importância no cenário agrícola brasileiro, com aplicações voltadas principalmente para a fruticultura, horticultura e fertirrigação. Os sistemas de irrigação localizada de alta frequência são os mais afetados pela obstrução dos emissores decorrente da contaminação da água. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a obstrução de emissores em um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento usado na cultura da uva por 5 anos, com fertirrigação, utilizando água salina de poço profundo, afim de apontar possíveis causas e sugerir soluções que permitam o uso otimizado da água de irrigação. Como referência, os tubos gotejadores inicialmente foram submetidos a 360 h de irrigação com água do Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto de Juazeiro-BA (SAAE) e posteriormente com água do Rio São Francisco.  O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Irrigação, no Campus de Juazeiro/BA, da UNIVASF. A estatística foi à descritiva, por medidas de tendência central e por medidas de dispersão de dados. Como principais resultados têm-se que os emissores com cinco anos de uso na fertirrigação, apresentaram inicialmente um grau de entupimento de 16,5%, bem superior se comparado com o mesmo tubo gotejador novo, em torno de 7%; com um aumento nos valores para 18% e 11%, respectivamente. Foi verificado que a água salina causou uma obstrução parcial maior que a água tratada do abastecimento. PALAVRAS CHAVE: grau de entupimento, água salina, uniformidade de aplicação.  NASCIMENTO, R. C.; MEDEIROS, P. R. F.; SANTOS, G. S.; TELES, E. C. P. V. A.; GONÇALVES, D. R.; MARTINS, A. P. F.DYNAMICS OF OBSTRUCTION OF THE ISSUER USED IN GRAPE CULTURE USING SALINE WATER WELL UNDERGROUND    2 ABSTRACT The drip irrigation involves irrigation systems where water is applied directly to the root area in small intensities, but with high frequency in order to maintain soil moisture in the root zone close to field capacity, and is of great importance in the Brazilian agricultural scenario, with applications geared mainly for fruits, vegetables and fertigation. High frequency localized irrigation systems are the most affected by obstruction of emitter due to water contamination. This study evaluated the emitters obstruction in a drip irrigation system used in wine growing for 5 years, with fertigation using saline water from deep well, in order to identify possible causes and suggest solutions to the optimal use of water irrigation. As reference, the drip irrigation system was subject to 360 h of irrigation with water and then with SAAE water from São Francisco River. The work was developed in the Irrigation Laboratory in the campus of Juazeiro / BA, UNIVASF. Statistical analysis was descriptive, for measures of central tendency and data dispersion measures. And the main results is that for the issuing company with five years of use in fertigation, initially, the proportion was 16.5% clogging, much higher compared to the same new dripline, around 7%; with 18% and 11% increase in  values for, respectively. It has been found that the saline water caused a partial obstruction greater than that of the treated water supply. Keywords: degree of clogging, salt water, uniformity of application.

Development of a Low-cost Drip Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. Lasisi ◽  
O. D. Isinkaye ◽  
B. O. Fati
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Problematic Soils ◽  
Runoff Losses

The localized irrigation is the artificial application of water to the root zone of plants for the purpose of supplying the essential moisture requirement for plant growth. The system makes the production and availability of food crops, citrus and vegetables possible throughout the year on small and medium scale basis at an affordable cost. In places and periods of water scarcity, low-cost drip irrigation can be used for the economic growing of vegetables, citrus and food crops all –round the year. This paper aimed at developing a low-cost drip irrigation system to empower the small and medium scale farmers to produce crops during offseason at minimum operational cost with less human efforts. The field area of 126.4 m2 was properly cleared, stumped, ploughed, harrowed and leveled. The leveling was carried out to allow unobstructed flow and evenly distribution of water to the root of plants. The system does not only reduce water loss but also conserve water during the period of scarcity. The controlled moisture available to the plant at low soil tension results in faster growth, higher yields, better quality and more environmentally and health friendly. The system improves the penetration of water into problematic soils and reduces substantially deep percolation and runoff losses. The system also saves water, money, time and makes provision for all- season farming. The topography of the field was flat with its suitable soil texture, texture, retention capacity and pump for this work was designed and selected to be 1 hp. The system was developed using a simple principle of water flow through gravity to drip out water at regulated interval to irrigate farmland. The drum has 214 litres capacity and 121 emitters. The total cost of production was estimated to be ₦50, 790 which is affordable by small and medium scale farmers.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Variable-Rate Drip Irrigation on Water Use Efficiency in a Vineyard in Northern Italy

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortuani ◽  
Facchi ◽  
Mayer ◽  
Bianchi ◽  
Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Drip Irrigation System

Although many studies in the literature illustrate the numerous devices and methodologies nowadays existing for assessing the spatial variability within agricultural fields, and indicate the potential for variable-rate irrigation (VRI) in vineyards, only very few works deal with the implementation of VRI systems to manage such heterogeneity, and these studies are usually conducted in experimental fields for research aims. In this study, a VR drip irrigation system was designed for a 1-ha productive vineyard in Northern Italy and managed during the agricultural season 2018, to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of a water supply differentiated according to the spatial variability detected in field. Electrical resistivity maps obtained by means of an electro-magnetic induction sensor were used to detect four homogeneous zones with similar soil properties. In each zone, a soil profile was opened, and soil samples were taken and analyzed in laboratory. Two irrigation management zones (MZs) were identified by grouping homogeneous zones on the basis of their hydrological properties, and an irrigation prescription map was built consistently with the total available water (TAW) content in the root zone of the two MZs. The designed drip irrigation system consisted of three independent sectors: the first two supplied water to the two MZs, while the third sector (reference sector) was managed following the farmer’s habits. During the season, irrigation in the first two sectors was fine-tuned using information provided by soil moisture probes installed in each sector. Results showed a reduction of water use by 18% compared to the ‘reference’ sector without losses in yield and product quality, and a grape’s maturation more homogeneous in time.

scholarly journals Impacts of Fertigation via Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Growth Rate of Rockmelon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Fertigation is one of the most important application of irrigation that are being used in commercial farming. This aplication help farmers to timely supply the water through drip irrigation coupled with accurate amout of water, rate of fertilizer application, and at the same time improving the nutrient uptake and water use efficiency (WUE) by the plant. The water supply through surface and subsurface drip irrigation system is the most efficient irrigation practice compared to others.Water supply from subsurface drip irrigation system is directly into the root zone, while for surface drip irrigation, water is supplied above the root zone. However, the use of surface drip irrigation system can cause the irrigation water easily evaporate to environment and reduce the WUE by plant. Rockmelon (cucumis melo) was selected as plant material in this study. Rockmelon is one of the plant that contain sweet and juicy along with other nutritional value. It also has commercial interest in a number of countries, including Europe, the United States, Mediterranean and Asia. The objectives of the study were to observe the different growth rate of rockmelon between surface and subsurface drip irrigation as well as to observe the efficiency of irrigation. This study was conducted under the rain shelter at Unit Fertigasi Projek Keusahawanan Ladang 10, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). There were two treatments of irrigation tested, surface drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation. Data collection include leaf diameter, leaf length and fruit circumferences. The effect of irrigation on growth performance of rockmelon were observe during week one and week six and was analyzed with Statistically Analysis System (SAS). The result of this study showed that, the growth for surface drip irrigation is higher compared to subsurface drip irrigation and both of the treatments achieved 25% of irrigation application efficiency.

ESTIMATION OF CONSUMPTIVE USE OF POTATO CROP PIANTED UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM BY USING SWRT TECHNOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
J.N. Abedalrahman ◽  
R.J. Mansor ◽  
D.R. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Spring Season

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude  45o   50o   33.5o   East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.)  var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .

A kinetic model for the chemical clogging of drip irrigation system using saline water

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 105696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhangzhong ◽  
Peiling Yang ◽  
Wengang Zhen ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Caiyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drip Irrigation System
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