scholarly journals Sugar maple seed production in northern New Hampshire

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Garrett ◽  
Raymond E. Graber
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Maple Seed

Sugar maple seed production and nitrogen in litterfall

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1148-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt S. Pregitzer ◽  
Andrew J. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Litter Deposition ◽  
Reproductive Biomass ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Maple Seed ◽  
Direct Trade

The influence of seed production on litterfall was studied for 2 years at five northern hardwood sites located across the Great Lakes region. Flower and seed litter contributed > 1 Mg•ha−1 dry matter in several instances, accounting for as much as 34% of total litter deposition. Significant differences between years were measured for both foliar and reproductive litter inputs at the sites. Production of reproductive litter and foliar litter were negatively correlated at the stand level (r = 0.99, P < 0.001), suggesting a direct trade-off between leaf biomass and reproductive biomass. Bumper seed crops had a large impact on total aboveground N litterfall. Reproductive N flux was as high as 41 kg•ha−1•year−1. Averaged across both years and all sites, reproductive litter accounted for 36% of total N in aboveground litterfall (range = 14–61%). When compared with the amount of N returned in foliage, reproductive litter averaged 67% (range = 18–174%). Nitrogen uptake and return in litterfall can be underestimated, especially during periods of heavy seed production, if flowers and seeds are ignored. Periodic life-history events like seed production can play an important role in ecosystem-level processes like N cycling.

scholarly journals Height-Diameter Equations for Select New Hampshire Tree Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Fast ◽  
Mark J. Ducey
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Bartlett Experimental Forest

Abstract Height-diameter equations are important in modeling forest structure and yield. Twenty-seven height-diameter equations were evaluated for eight tree species occurring in the northern hardwood forest of New Hampshire using permanent plot data from the Bartlett Experimental Forest. Selected models with associated coefficients are presented for American beech, eastern hemlock, paper birch, red maple, red spruce, sugar maple, white ash, yellow birch, and all 16 species combined.

scholarly journals Effects of Small Patch Cutting on Sugar Maple Regeneration in New Hampshire Northern Hardwoods

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Leak
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Small Patch ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Logging Disturbance

Abstract In many northern hardwood stands in New Hampshire and New England, partial cutting or single-tree selection results in understories with a high proportion of beech and other species with low timber values. Patch cutting, using small openings of about 1/4-ac in size or larger coupled with sufficient logging disturbance, has proved to be an effective way to replace understories of beech and other less valuable species with a new stand containing a high proportion of yellow and paper birch in mixture with other deciduous species. Unless present as well-developed advanced regeneration, sugar maple is seldom common in the new stands produced by small patch cutting. However, when these early successional stands reach 40–50 years of age, understories dominated by sugar maple and with lesser proportions of beech frequently develop, possibly due to the rich leaf-fall, lower proportions of beech litter, and/or changed light conditions. Although small patch cutting may not immediately regenerate abundant sugar maple, it appears as though this technique may help over time to maintain sugar maple as a significant component of northern hardwood forests. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):68–70.

Effects of Weed Species on Northern Hardwood Regeneration in New Hampshire

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Leak
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Regeneration stocking of northern hardwoods following cutting is difficult to assess because of limited information on the impact of dominating weed species. Measurements on more than 1,500 milacres were taken 8 years after cutting by commercial clearcutting, diameter limit, moderate and light selection. Milacres dominated by striped maple or hobblebush were respectively, ¼ to ⅓ or ¼ to ⅔ nonstocked with established commercial species. Milacres dominated by pin cherry showed no reduction in stocking of commercial tree species when compared to milacres without dominating weeds. Among individual commercial species, sugar maple and white ash showed the least response to dominating weed competition. The results provide preliminary guidelines on evaluating weed competition during regeneration surveys. North. J. Appl. For. 5:235-237, December 1988.

Sugar-maple Borer Injury in Four Hardwood Stands in New Hampshire

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex L. Shigo ◽  
William B. Leak ◽  
Stanley M. Filip
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Decayed Wood

Forty-three percent of 348 sugar-maple trees, Acersaccharum Marsh., in 60 plots, in four hardwood stands were injured by the sugar-maple borer, Glycobiusspeciosus (Say). The percentage of injured trees was greater in uneven-aged stands than in even-aged stands. The microorganisms isolated from discolored and decayed wood associated with borer injuries were the same as those isolated from discolored and decayed wood associated with wounds on sugar maple.

Regeneration after Strip Cutting and Block Clearcutting in Northern Hardwoods

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wayne Martin ◽  
James W. Hornbeck
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Yellow Birch ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Common Tree

Abstract Regeneration was studied during the first 10 years after clearcutting on two sites in the northern hardwood forest of New Hampshire. One site was a 12-ha block clearcut; the other was a 36-ha progressive strip cut harvested in three phases using 25-m wide strips which approximated one tree height. Permanent plots on each site were measured at intervals of 1 to 4 years. Changes in the density and biomass of the major commercial species and their primary noncommercial competitors are presented. At 10 years after clearcutting, yellow birch was the most common tree on the block clearcut; sugar maple was most numerous on the strip cut. Pin cherry dominated the biomass on the block clearcut and the strips first cut (1970), but yellow birch and sugar maple biomass was greater on the strips cut later (1972 and 1974). North. J. Appl. For. 7:65-68, June 1990.

scholarly journals Field Note—Changes in Species, Grade, and Structure Over 48 Years in a Managed New England Northern Hardwood Stand

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Leak ◽  
Paul E. Sendak
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Field Note

Abstract Three individual-tree selection harvests over a 48 yr period in a northern hardwood stand in New Hampshire resulted in an increase in the percentage of volume in trees with grade 1 and 2 butt logs from 21% (1952) to 30% (2000) in beech and 40% (1952) to 65% (2000) in sugar maple and other hardwoods. By 2000, 90% of the volume was in tolerant species.

Eutypella parasitica. [Distribution map].

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Eutypella parasitica Davidson & Lorenz. Sordariomycetes: Xylariales: Diatrypaceae. Hosts: Acer spp. especially sugar maple (A. saccharum), field maple (A. campestre) and sycamore (A. pseudoplatanus). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary and Slovenia), North America (Canada, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont and Wisconsin).

Assessing tree germination resilience to global warming: a manipulative experiment using sugar maple (Acer saccharum)

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Solarik ◽  
Dominique Gravel ◽  
Aitor Ameztegui ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Christian Messier
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Maple Seed

AbstractA climate warming of 2–5°C by the end of the century will impact the likelihood of seed germination of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), a dominant tree species which possesses a restricted temperature range to ensure successful reproduction. We hypothesize that seed origin affects germination due to the species' local adaptation to temperature. We tested this by experimentally investigating the effect of incubation temperature and temperature shifting on sugar maple seed germination from seven different seed sources representing the current species range. Survival analysis showed that seeds from the northern range had the highest germination percentage, while the southern range had the lowest. The mean germination percentage under constant temperatures was best when temperatures were ≤5°C, whereas germination percentages plummeted at temperatures ≥11°C (5.8%). Cool shifting increased germination by 19.1% over constant temperature treatments and by 29.3% over warm shifting treatments. Both shifting treatments caused earlier germination relative to the constant temperature treatments. A climate warming of up to +5°C is shown to severely reduce germination of seeds from the southern range. However, under a more pronounced warming of 7°C, seed germination at the northern range become more affected and now comparable to those found from the southern range. This study states that the high seed germination percentage found in sugar maple at the northern range makes it fairly resilient to the warmest projected temperature increase for the next century. These findings provide forest managers with the necessary information to make accurate projections when considering strategies for future regeneration while also considering climate warming.

Fifty years of compositional change in deciduous and coniferous forest types in New Hampshire

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Leak
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
American Beech ◽  
Canopy Disturbance ◽  
Bartlett Experimental Forest ◽  
Basal Till

Fifty-year records (52–53 years) from 29 cruise plots on the Bartlett Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, indicated that composition is moving toward a predominance of one or two tolerant species in response to soils (habitat) and, to a lesser extent, elevation. Plots on fine till are moving toward American beech (Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.) and sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.), with some indication that perpetuation of sugar maple in this region of granitic soils depends upon canopy disturbance. Stands on coarse washed (sandy) till are moving toward beech, with some representation of tolerant conifers. Plots with shallow basal till (well drained to poorly drained), shallow bedrock, or ice-contact gravel are moving toward eastern hemlock (Tsugacanadensis (L.) Carr.) and (or) red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.). Eastern hemlock is successful below elevations of 500–550 m, while red spruce is successful at higher elevations.

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