Immune response induction in the central nervous system

Abstract Background Glioma is the most common and fatal type of nerve neoplasm in the central nervous system. Several biomarkers have been considered for prognosis prediction, which is not accurate enough. We aimed to carry out a gene signature related to the expression of immune checkpoints which was enough for its performance in prediction. Methods Gene expression of immune checkpoints in TGGA database was filtrated. The 5 selected genes underwent verification by COX and Lasso-COX regression. Next, the selected genes were included to build a novel signature for further analysis. Results Patients were sub-grouped into high and low risk according to the novel signature. Immune response, clinicopathologic characters, and survival showed significant differences between those 2 groups. Terms including “naive,” “effector,” and “IL-4” were screened out by GSEA. The results showed strong relevance between the signature and immune response. Conclusions We constructed a gene signature with 5 immune checkpoints. The signature predicted survival effectively. The novel signature performed more functional than previous biomarkers.

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The Role of Mast Cells in Stroke

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells8050437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 437 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Edoardo Parrella ◽

Vanessa Porrini ◽

Marina Benarese ◽

Marina Pizzi

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Immune Response ◽

Nervous System ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Brain Edema ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Adult Brain ◽

The Central Nervous System

Mast cells (MCs) are densely granulated perivascular resident cells of hematopoietic origin. Through the release of preformed mediators stored in their granules and newly synthesized molecules, they are able to initiate, modulate, and prolong the immune response upon activation. Their presence in the central nervous system (CNS) has been documented for more than a century. Over the years, MCs have been associated with various neuroinflammatory conditions of CNS, including stroke. They can exacerbate CNS damage in models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke by amplifying the inflammatory responses and promoting brain–blood barrier disruption, brain edema, extravasation, and hemorrhage. Here, we review the role of these peculiar cells in the pathophysiology of stroke, in both immature and adult brain. Further, we discuss the role of MCs as potential targets for the treatment of stroke and the compounds potentially active as MCs modulators.

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Role of 5-HT7 receptors in the immune system in health and disease

Molecular Medicine ◽

10.1186/s10020-019-0126-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alejandro Quintero-Villegas ◽

Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Immune Response ◽

Nervous System ◽

Immune System ◽

Blood Platelets ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Health And Disease

AbstractIn mammalians, serotonin (5-HT) has critical roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including mood stability, pain tolerance, or sleep patterns. However, the vast majority of serotonin is produced by intestinal enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract and circulating blood platelets, also acting outside of the CNS. Serotonin effects are mediated through its interaction with 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs), a superfamily with a repertoire of at least fourteen well-characterized members. 5-HT7 receptors are the last 5-HTR member to be identified, with well-defined functions in the nervous, gastrointestinal, and vascular systems. The effects of serotonin on the immune response are less well understood. Mast cells are known to produce serotonin, while T cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages and microglia express 5-HT7 receptor. Here, we review the known roles of 5-HT7 receptors in the immune system, as well as their potential therapeutic implication in inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders.

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Evaluation of the blood-CSF barrier by protein gradients and the humoral immune response within the central nervous system

Journal of the Neurological Sciences ◽

10.1016/0022-510x(76)90259-8 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 113-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

K. Felgenhauer ◽

G. Schliep ◽

N. Rapic

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Immune Response ◽

Nervous System ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Protein Gradients

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Mechanisms of the adaptive immune response inside the central nervous system during inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

Pharmacology & Therapeutics ◽

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.11.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 111 (3) ◽

pp. 555-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Enrico Pedemonte ◽

Gianluigi Mancardi ◽

Debora Giunti ◽

Anna Corcione ◽

Federica Benvenuto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Immune Response ◽

Nervous System ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Adaptive Immune Response ◽

Adaptive Immune ◽

The Central Nervous System

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Solitary tentorial sarcoid granuloma associated with Propionibacterium acnes infection: case report

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2016.8.jns16480 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 687-690 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jiro Akimoto ◽

Kenta Nagai ◽

Daisuke Ogasawara ◽

Yujiro Tanaka ◽

Hitoshi Izawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Immune Response ◽

Nervous System ◽

Case Report ◽

Propionibacterium Acnes ◽

Granulomatous Disease ◽

Tentorium Cerebelli ◽

First Case ◽

Sarcoid Granuloma ◽

The Central Nervous System

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with unknown cause, which very rarely occurs exclusively in the central nervous system. The authors performed biopsy sampling of a mass that developed in the left tentorium cerebelli that appeared to be a malignant tumor. The mass was diagnosed as a sarcoid granuloma, which was confirmed with the onset of antibody reaction product against Propionibacterium acnes. Findings suggesting sarcoidosis to be an immune response to P. acnes infection have recently been reported, and they give insight for diagnosis and treatment of this disease. The authors report the possible first case that was confirmed with P. acnes infection in a meningeal lesion in solitary neurosarcoidosis.

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