scholarly journals Response of wheat cells to ferrihydrite nanoparticles under model system in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Valentina Yurievna Stupko ◽  
Natalya Vasilevna Zobova ◽  
Yuri Leonidovich Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Model System ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Ageing Rate ◽  
Wheat Embryos ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

High biological activity of nanoparticles (NPs) makes them promising for using in fertilizers composition. Design of such products is impossible without detection of active substance influence mechanisms on growth and development of plant as well as without detection of critical points, when influence of the investigated agent is at its maximum. Biogenic ferrihydrites (FH) are promising regulators of plant cell antioxidant system activity, also under edaphic stresses. Callus cultures are well known as convenient model system for screening of tissue and cell response to different environmental exposure. Investigation results of FH NP`s, which were produced by authors, influence on growth and development of callus culture of soft spring wheat mature wheat embryos of are presented in present article. The absence of competitive in relation to 2,4-D influence of involved levels of FH NPs (1 and 10 mg/l) on dedifferentiation process of embryo tissues was indicated. The presence of investigated agent induced the decrease of culture growth rate. However, postponed positive effect manifested in reduction of ageing rate after passing to fresh medium, the bigger, the higher had been FH NP`s level at the previous cultivation stage. The present effect may be of critical importance under field conditions under the influence of unfavorable edaphic and climatic factors, which adds further credence the potential of presented NPs applicability in agriculture.

scholarly journals The use of polymer super absorbent in the adaptation of revitalized grape plants to non-sterile conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Lopatkina ◽  
Anton Rebrov
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Positive Effect

The article discusses the effect of a cross-linked copolymer of potassium and ammonium salts of acrylic acid “Aquasin” on in vitro revitalized grape plants when adapting to non-sterile conditions and growing completion before planting in open ground. The research was carried out on the basis of VNIIViV named after Ya.I. Potapenko on the indigenous Don variety Krasnostop Zolotovsky and the indigenous Crimean variety Kandavasta. The aim of the study was to study the usage effectiveness of super absorbents (hydrogels) for the post vitro stage. As a result, the positive effect of adding the water-retaining agent Aquasin to the substrate on the growth and development of plants was noted. This was especially reflected in such indicators as ripening and the shoots’ diameter. In addition, the possibility of preliminary saturation of the super absorbent with immunostimulants or fertilizers is of interest.

RESEARCH OF PROTEIN ENERGY ADDITIVE “ABIOTONIC” FOR PIGLETS GROWTH AND SAFETY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.G. Tkachenko ◽  
◽  
A.V. Ezhelev ◽  
Z.N. Fedorova ◽  
V.G. Bliadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Short Peptides ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Positive Effect

Interesting products for animal husbandry for processing protein-rich raw materials are substances containing a complex of short peptides. Some of these short peptides have high biological activity. The possibility of using the «Abiotonik» energy protein supplement, which contains these substances, to stimulate the growth and development of piglets and reduce mortality, was considered by us in this paper. The data obtained confirmed the positive effect of the additive on the overall health of piglets, on their growth and development indicators and safety.

Abnormal renal development in the Os/+ mouse is intrinsic to the kidney

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. F234-F238
Author(s):  
C. M. Sorenson ◽  
S. A. Rogers ◽  
M. R. Hammerman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Renal Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Renal Abnormality ◽  
Renal Hypoplasia ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
B Cell Leukemia ◽  
Culture Growth

The oligosyndactylism (Os/+) mouse, is a genetic model for oligomeganephronic congenital renal hypoplasia. To define the abnormality in renal development and to determine whether the abnormality is kidney autonomous, we examined kidneys from newborn and 21- and 63-day-old Os/+ and wild-type (+/+) mice, obtained metanephric kidneys from embryonic day 12 (E12) Os/+ and +/+ embryos, and compared growth and development of the metanephroi in vitro. Kidneys from newborn Os/+ mice were smaller than those from newborn +/+ mice and contained fewer glomeruli per midsagittal section. Following birth, kidneys from Os/+ mice manifest compensatory growth of glomeruli and proximal tubules. Metanephroi from E12 Os/+ and +/+ embryos were comparable in size. However, during 4 days in culture, growth and development of metanephroi from Os/+ embryos were visibly reduced compared with metanephroi from +/+ embryos. Expression of B cell leukemia/lymphoma gene 2 (bcl-2), the absence of which is known to result in congenital renal hypoplasia, was detected in the Os/+ mouse kidneys. We conclude that the renal abnormality in Os/+ mice is intrinsic to the kidney and does not result from the absence of bcl-2 expression.

scholarly journals Elimination of [PSI+] Prion and Influence on Yeast Cell Growth

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justina Versockienė ◽  
Neda Jonutytė-Trembo ◽  
Vitalij Novickij ◽  
Eglė Lastauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Prion Proteins ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Model System ◽  
Cell Doubling Time ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles that act as pathogens and cause the development of lethal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and other animals. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a widespread model system in which mechanisms of prion induction and elimination have been identified. New and safe substances and methods are being sought to cure cells of prion proteins. It is particularly important that by treating cells from prions and restoring them from the [PSI+] to the [psi−] form, the primary growth of the cells is restored. One of the main objectives of this study was to determine the growth dynamics of S. cerevisiae cells with different [PSI+] prion variants, cells that have lost [PSI+] prion variants, and cells that never had [PSI+] prion variants. Results In this research, we applied GuHCl and combined GuHCl and PEF treatment against [PSI+] prion. We evaluated cells culture growth dynamics – optical density and doubling time and determined that method of [PSI+] prion elimination does not affect cell doubling time. Also, we found that both elimination methods affect the optical density reached by [psi−] cells. However, the cells in which the [PSI+] prion has been eliminated by GuHCl alone are able to reach the same optical density as unaffected [psi−] cells and higher optical density than the affected [psi−] cells by GuHCl alone. Conclusions These findings indicate the potential long-term positive effect of [PSI+] prion on cell growth, which persists after [PSI+] removal.

Fulminant metanephric apoptosis and abnormal kidney development in bcl-2-deficient mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. F73-F81 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Sorenson ◽  
S. A. Rogers ◽  
S. J. Korsmeyer ◽  
M. R. Hammerman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Kidney Development ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Kidney Morphology ◽  
Metanephric Kidney ◽  
Renal Size ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Renal Organogenesis

Apoptosis of the developing metanephric kidney plays an important role in renal organogenesis. The bcl-2 is an oncogene that inhibits apoptotic cell death in a variety of settings. The bcl-2 (-/-) mice complete embryonic development but, in contrast to bcl-2 (+/-) and bcl-2 (+/+) littermates, manifest growth retardation, hypopigmentation of hair, lymphoid apoptosis, abnormal kidney morphology, and renal failure postnatally. To provide insight into the mechanism for the latter abnormalities, we examined metanephric kidneys from bcl-2 (-/-), bcl-2 (+/-), and bcl-2 (+/+) mice, as well as embryonic day 12 (E12) mouse embryos, and compared growth and development of metanephroi in vitro. Kidneys from bcl-2 (+/-) mice developed normally. In contrast, development of kidneys from bcl-2 (-/-) mice was abnormal as reflected by a marked reduction of renal size in newborns compared with kidneys of bcl-2 (+/-) littermates. In addition, kidneys from bcl-2 (-/-) mice contained far fewer nephrons and had smaller nephrogenic zones. Although metanephroi obtained from E12 bcl-2 (+/-) and bcl-2 (-/-) mouse embryos were comparable in size, apoptosis of cells within metanephric blastemas of metanephroi from E12 bcl-2 (-/-) embryos was strikingly enhanced compared with that in blastemas of metanephroi from bcl-2 (+/-) embryos. During 3 days in culture, growth and development of metanephroi from bcl-2 (-/-) embryos were visibly reduced compared with those from bcl-2 (+/-) embryos.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Callus culture in vitro in the experimental evaluation of drought resistance in cereals (review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 124-139
Author(s):  
N.N. Kruglova ◽  
◽  
O.A. Seldimirova ◽  
A.E. Zinatullina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Model System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Culture In Vitro

One of the directions in plant biotechnological research is the use of callus cultures in vitro. The callus is an integrated system that is formed both exogenously (as a result of the proliferation of surface cells of various tissues of the plant organism) and endogenously (in the depth of these tissues). Initially, callus consists of homogeneous cells gradually transformed into a system of groups of heterogeneous cells with specific morphogenetic potencies. These potencies are realized by various ways of morphogenesis in vitro, including those leading to the formation of full-fledged plants-regenerants. In this review, using cereals as an example, we analyze the literature and our data on the use of calli in vitro as experimental systems for studying the plant stress-resistance to abiotic factors, especially to the drought factor. The advantages and limitations of using callus cultures in vitro are considered. The prospects of studying the mechanisms of action of abiotic stressors and resistance to them at the cellular and tissue levels under model conditions of callus culture in vitro are shown. Attention is paid to the assessment of the drought resistance of cereals under selective conditions simulating drought in vitro by such a parameter as the growth activity of calli. The issue of studying anti-stress effects in callus cultures in vitro is analyzed on the example of brassinosteroids. The prospects of using the model system “immature embryo in vivo–embryonic morphogenic callus in vitro” for rapid assessment of the effect of anti-stress plant growth regulators are considered. It is emphasized that the basis for using calli as the model system is both the significant role of the cell in all morphogenetic events of the plant organism in vivo and in vitro and the similarity of the responses of plants in vivo, calli in vitro, regenerants of callus origin in vitro and ex vitro.

scholarly journals Efficiency of using biostimulants Agrinos 1 and Agrinos 2 in adaptation of microplants of garden strawberry to ex vitro conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 03006
Author(s):  
Marina Karpushina ◽  
Marina Winter ◽  
Olesya Yaroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Azotobacter Vinelandii ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Positive Effect

This article presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of biostimulants Agrinos 1 and Agrinos 2, containing strains of microorganisms Azotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurinum, etc., as well as a complex of nutrients (macro-, microelements, protein, amino acids, chitin, chitosan) on the activation of metabolic processes and reduction of stress effects on strawberry plants obtained by in vitro method. The effectiveness of the reaction of biostimulants on the adaptive processes of growth and development of microplants of garden strawberry varieties Alba, Kemiya, Clery has been studied. In the course of the research, a positive effect of biological products on the growth of the vegetative mass of plants was established: an increase in the height of the plants compared to the control by 20-25%, the number of leaves by 25-28% and an increase in the root system of plants by 30-40%. In the Clery variety, the use of the biostimulants promoted the formation of the runners. In addition, the introduction of biostimulants into the soil contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the soil. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil increased by 18%.

The depressing (negative) effect of oestradiol benzoate on the in vitro secretion of LH and FSH by the pituitary gland of the LRH-pretreated long-term ovariectomized rat changes into the augmentative (positive) effect after discontinuation of the LRH-pretreatment

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Schuiling ◽  
H. Moes ◽  
T. R. Koiter
Keyword(s):  
Depressing Effect ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Perifusion System

Abstract. The effect of pretreatment in vivo with oestradiol benzoate on in vitro secretion of LH and FSH was studied in long-term ovariectomized (OVX) rats both at the end of a 5-day continuous in vivo pretreatment with LRH and 4-days after cessation of such LRH pretreatment. Rats were on day 0 sc implanted with osmotic minipumps which released LRH at the rate of 250 ng/h. Control rats were implanted with a piece of silicone elastomer with the dimensions of a minipump. On days 2 and 4 the rats were injected with either 3 μg EB or with oil. On day 5 part of the rats were decapitated and the in vitro autonomous (i.e. non-LRH-stimulated) and 'supra-maximally' LRHstimulated release of LH and FSH was studied using a perifusion system. From other rats the minipumps were removed on day 5 and perifusion was performed on day 9. On the 5th day of the in vivo LRH pretreatment the pituitary LH/FSH stores were partially depleted; the pituitaries of the EB-treated rats more so than those of the oil-injected rats. EB alone had no significant effect on the content of the pituitary LH- and FSH stores. On day 9, i.e. 4 days after removal of the minipumps, the pituitary LH and FSH contents had increased in both the oil- and the EB injected rats, but had not yet recovered to control values. In rats not subjected to the 5-days pretreatment with LRH EB had a positive effect on the supra-maximally LRH-stimulated secretion of LH and FSH as well as on the non-stimulated secretion of LH. EB had no effect on the non-stimulated secretion of FSH. After 5 days of in vivo pretreatment with LRH only, the in vitro non-stimulated and supra-maximally LRH-stimulated secretion of both LH and FSH were strongly impaired, the effect correlating well with the LRH-induced depletion of the pituitary LH/FSH stores. In such LRH-pretreated rats EB had on day 5 a negative effect on the (already depressed) LRH-stimulated secretion of LH (not on that of FSH). EB had no effect on the non-stimulated LH/FSH secretion. It could be demonstrated that the negative effect of the combined LRH/EB pretreatment was mainly due to the depressing effect of this treatment on the pituitary LH and FSH stores: the effect of oestradiol on the pituitary LRH-responsiveness (release as related to pituitary gonadotrophin content) remained positive. In LRH-pretreated rats, however, this positive effect of EB was smaller than in rats not pretreated with LRH. Four days after removal of the minipumps there was again a positive effect of EB on the LRH-stimulated secretion of LH and FSH as well as on the non-stimulated secretion of LH. The positive effect of EB on the pituitary LRH-responsiveness was as strong as in rats which had not been exposed to exogenous LRH. The non-stimulated secretion of FSH was again not affected by EB. The results demonstrate that the effect of EB on the oestrogen-sensitive components of gonadotrophin secretion consists of two components: an effect on the pituitary LRH-responsiveness proper, and an effect on the pituitary LH/FSH stores. The magnitude of the effect of EB on the LRH-responsiveness is LRH dependent: it is very weak (almost zero) in LRH-pretreated rats, but strong in rats not exposed to LRH as well as in rats of which the LRH-pretreatment was stopped 4 days previously. Similarly, the effect of EB on the pituitary LH and FSH stores is LRH-dependent: in the absence of LRH, EB has no influence on the contents of these stores, but EB can potentiate the depleting effect of LRH on the LH/FSH-stores. Also this effect disappear after cessation of the LRH-pretreatment.

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