scholarly journals Sustainability and Functionality of Railway Network and its Connecting Facilities in Kosovo

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Hazir S. Çadraku ◽  
Besa Jagxhiu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Average Lifespan ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Communication Function

The railway network presents a special communication function, which keeps humanity closer. The first developments of the railway network in Kosovo date back to 1874 when the first train entered this area from Thessaloniki through Skopje. This paper aims to provide some data generated during the year 2020 regarding the railway network in Kosovo and its connecting facilities. Construction of railway lines, stations, tunnels, bridges, watersheds, protective walls, canals for surface water drainage has an average lifespan of 92 years. The total length of the railway network is 336.68 km, in which are built 23 tunnels with a total length of 9789.5 m. 26.1% of them are of medium depth, while 73.9% are of shallow depth from the ground surface. 66.07% of the railway lines are active, while 33.42% are non-functional. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2020-01-03-02 Full Text: PDF

An open source high-performance solution to extract surface water drainage networks from diverse terrain conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence V. Stanislawski ◽  
Kornelijus Survila ◽  
Jeffrey Wendel ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Barbara P. Buttenfield
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Drainage Networks

scholarly journals DISCUSSION. RESEARCH ON SURFACE - WATER DRAINAGE.

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-612
Author(s):  
H J B HARDING ◽  
P ACKERS ◽  
L B ESCRITT ◽  
A J M HARRISON ◽  
D J HOLLAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Drainage

Simulasi Perancangan Drainase Muka Tanah pada Bandar Udara Achmad Yani Semarang Sebagai Salah Satu Usaha Pencegahan Banjir

WARTA ARDHIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
Ataline Muliasari ◽  
Lupi Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Drainage Channel ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Hydraulic Radius ◽  
Channel Depth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surface Drainage ◽  
Sectional Shape

Drainage is defined as surface water drainage, either by gravity or by pump which aims to prevent inundation, maintain and lower the water level im order to avoid the amount of water. Ahmad Yani Airport has a poor drainage systems. Furthermore, land subsidence in Semarang area potential for experiencing flooding when the rainy season with a fairly high rainfall. Based on the results of processing the data showed that it is needed the land surface drainage channel with a cross-sectional shape of a trapezium. When the width of the base of the cross section is 3 meters , then the required channel depth is 3.9 meters with a hydraulic radius is 0.82-meter, and hydraulic depth is 3.05 meters. Drainase didefinisikan sebagai pembuangan air permukaan, baik secara gravitasi maupun dengan pompa yang bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya genangan, menjaga dan menurunkan permukaan air sehingga genangan air dapat dihindarkan. Bandar Udara Ahmad Yani dengan kondisi sistem drainase yang kurang baik dan penurunan permukaan tanah di wilayah Semarang, maka bila musim penghujan tiba dengan curah hujan yang cukup tinggi selalu berpotensi untuk mengalami banjir. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data juga didapatkan hasil bahwa untuk menyesuaikan antara curah hujan di wilayah Semarang dengan luas area Bandar udara Achmad Yani diperlukan saluran drainase muka tanah berupa saluran dengan bentuk penampang trapezium. Bila lebar dasar dari penampang trapezim tersebut adalah 3 meter, maka diperlukan saluran sedalam 3,9 meter dengan Jari-jari hydraulic 0,82 meter, dan kedalaman hydraulic 3,05 meter.

scholarly journals Efficiency and shrinking in evolving networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (154) ◽  
pp. 20190101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Bottinelli ◽  
Marco Gherardi ◽  
Marc Barthelemy
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Evolving Networks ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Good Population ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Empirical Networks

Characterizing the spatio-temporal evolution of networks is a central topic in many disciplines. While network expansion has been studied thoroughly, less is known about how empirical networks behave when shrinking. For transportation networks, this is especially relevant on account of their connection with the socio-economical substrate, and we focus here on the evolution of the French railway network from its birth in 1840 to 2000, in relation to the country’s demographic dynamics. The network evolved in parallel with technology (e.g. faster trains) and under strong constraints, such as preserving a good population coverage and balancing cost and efficiency. We show that the shrinking phase that started in 1930 decreased the total length of the network while preserving efficiency and population coverage: efficiency and robustness remained remarkably constant while the total length of the network shrank by 50% between 1930 and 2000, and the total travel time and time-diameter decreased by more than 75% during the same period. Moreover, shrinking the network did not affect the overall accessibility with an average travel time that decreases steadily since its formation. This evolution leads naturally to an increase in transportation multimodality (such as a massive use of cars) and shows the importance of considering together transportation modes acting at different spatial scales. More generally, our results suggest that shrinking is not necessarily associated with a decay in performance and functions but can be beneficial in terms of design goals and can be part of the natural evolution of an adaptive network.

A Design Method For Landslide Surface Water Drainage Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Landslide Mitigation ◽  
Preferential Pathways ◽  
Subsurface Drains

Abstract Infiltration of surface water increases pore water pressures in slopes and reduces their stability. Common landslide features such as tension cracks and sag ponds can act as preferential pathways for surface drainage and may increase infiltration and exacerbate pore pressure–induced instability. Surface water drainage control is likewise recommended by numerous authors as an effective and inexpensive landslide mitigation method and has been shown to reduce the risk of landslides. While robust design procedures for other geotechnical applications exist (e.g., slope reduction, subsurface drains), similar procedures for landslide surface water drainage control have remained largely ad hoc and vary among practitioners. The objective of this article is to summarize technical literature related to surface water drainage control and provide a coherent design procedure for landslides.

Emergency Response to a significant jet fuel release in Honolulu

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017422
Author(s):  
D. Zuroski ◽  
T. Johnson ◽  
C. Benson ◽  
F. Stroud
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Tank Farm ◽  
Unified Command ◽  
Definition Of

In December of 2014, there was a substantial shortage (42,000 gallons) of Jet fuel noted in the inventory at the tank farm that supplies jet fuel to the Honolulu International Airport. The tank farm is directly adjacent to Ke'ehi Lagoon and in near proximity to Honolulu Harbor. Jet fuel was found floating on the water table (less than two feet below the ground surface) throughout a large area of the tank farm, as well as outside the tank farm and within 150 feet of the lagoon. EPA, the State of Hawaii, and the RP utilized a streamlined and nimble approach to Unified Command in performing the successful Emergency Response. Operations were conducted in close coordination with the USCG and Honolulu FD. All actions were designed to keep the fuel from reaching the surface water. This case study will detail the line of attack which included aggressive extraction the jet fuel, definition of the extent of the (subsurface) release, and design and installation of engineered capture, removal, and monitoring systems.

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