scholarly journals Sports Education, Graduate Program, University PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya , Surabaya, East Jawa, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Irwan Alfiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Program ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Testing Medium ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Group Trial ◽  
Error Method

This study aims to develop a module for the development of freestyle swimming teaching materials using trial and error methods as a medium for learning implementation, a module for developing learning or free style swimming training to facilitate swimming trainers and as an alternative method that can be used by trainers or teachers in learning freestyle swimming. This research is a type of development research with reference to the opinion of Kaufman, (1979) which researchers have developed with the current situation, the product developed is a freestyle swimming learning or training method with a trial and error method that contains learning sequences and learning with a psychological approach to swimming students. Product development through several stages began testing learning design experts and swimming material experts, then making questionnaires validated by swimming material experts and also sports psychologists, then in field trials, testing small groups and students, testing medium groups and students and large group trials. The place for testing in the swimming pool is insan cendekia krian, the data collection technique uses a questionnaire by assessing the responses of swimming students and in analysis using descriptive statistics that are presented in percentage form. The results of this study indicate that, the product validation test by learner design experts with a percentage of 88.4% was very good, a pool material expert with a percentage of 95% was very good, in swimming student trials with a small group trial with a percentage of 84.8% very good , moderate group students with a percentage of 87.9% were very good, and large group tests with a percentage of 91.7% were very good. Thus the module for developing swimming learning using the trial and error method is feasible to be used by trainers or swimming teachers.

CONTEXTUAL SUBTEXT INFORMATION OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXT: HERMENEUTIC APPROACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (30) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Lidiya Derbenyova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Transmission Of Information ◽  
Hermeneutic Approach ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Problems Of Translation ◽  
Error Method ◽  
Language Text

The article focuses on the problems of translation in the field of hermeneutics, understood as a methodology in the activity of an interpreter, the doctrine of the interpretation of texts, as a component of the transmission of information in a communicative aspect. The relevance of the study is caused by the special attention of modern linguistics to the under-researched issues of hermeneutics related to the problems of transmission of foreign language text semantics in translation. The process of translation in the aspect of hermeneutics is regarded as the optimum search and decision-making process, which corresponds to a specific set of functional criteria of translation, which can take many divergent forms. The translator carries out a number of specific translation activities: the choice of linguistic means and means of expression in the translation language, replacement and compensation of nonequivalent units. The search for the optimal solution itself is carried out using the “trial and error” method. The translator always acts as an interpreter. Within the boundaries of a individual utterance, it must be mentally reconstructed as conceptual situations, the mentally linguistic actions of the author, which are verbalized in this text.

The determination of units in totally real cubic fields

1960 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Trial And Error ◽  
Integral Lattice ◽  
Cubic Field ◽  
Cubic Fields ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Totally Real ◽  
Rational Integral ◽  
Fundamental Units ◽  
Error Method

The determination of a pair of fundamental units in a totally real cubic field involves two operations—finding a pair of independent units (i.e. such that neither is a power of the other) and from these a pair of fundamental units (i.e. a pair ε1; ε2 such that every unit of the field is of the form with rational integral m, n). The first operation may be accomplished by exploring regions of the integral lattice in which two conjugates are small or else by factorizing small primes and comparing different factorizations—a trial-and-error method, but often a quick one. The second operation is accomplished by obtaining inequalities which must be satisfied by a fundamental unit and its conjugates and finding whether or not a unit exists satisfying these inequalities. Recently Billevitch ((1), (2)) has given a method, of the nature of an extension of the first method mentioned above, which involves less work on the second operation but no less on the first.

MXene: a promising photocatalyst for water splitting

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (29) ◽  
pp. 11446-11452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonglu Guo ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Linggang Zhu ◽  
Zhimei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Photocatalytic Water Splitting ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Error Method

Identifying suitable photocatalysts for photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen fuelviasunlight is an arduous task by the traditional trial-and-error method.

scholarly journals Measuring the Deformation of a Flat Die by Applying a Laser Beam on a Reflecting Surface

2009 ◽  
Vol 424 ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Assaad ◽  
H.J.M. Geijselaers ◽  
K.E. Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Element Calculation ◽  
Extrusion Dies ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
Error Method

The design of extrusion dies depends on the experience of the designer. After the die has been manufactured, it is tested during an extrusion process and machined several times until it works properly. The die is designed by a trial and error method which is expensive interms of time consumption and the amount of scrap. Research is going on to replace the trial pressing with finite element simulations that concentrate on material and tool analysis. In order to validate the tool simulations, an experiment is required for measuring the deformation of the die. Measuring the deformation of the die is faced with two main obstacles: high temperature and little free space. To overcome these obstacles a method is tried, which works by applying a laser beam on a reflecting surface. This cheap method is simple, robust and gives good results. This paper describes measuring the deformation of a flat die used to extrude a single U shape profile. In addition, finite element calculation of the die is performed. Finally, a comparison is performed between experimental and numerical results.

Adjustment of a Grazing Incidence Spectrometer for Maximum Resolution

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alexander ◽  
B. S. Fraenkel
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Routine Method ◽  
Maximum Resolution ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Error Method

A routine method to adjust a grazing incidence spectrometer for maximum resolution is described. The trial and error method uses as variable, the distance of the slit from the Rowland circle. Examples of resolved doublets are shown.

scholarly journals Directivity Enhancement in Non-Reciprocal Bandpass Filters using an Evolutionary Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prantik Dutta ◽  
Arun Gande ◽  
Gopi Ram
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithm ◽  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Bandpass Filter ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Lumped Element ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Error Method ◽  
Maximum Directivity

In this letter, a non-reciprocal filter with enhanced directivity is analyzed methodically and the filter parameters are optimized using an evolutionary algorithm. The return loss, insertion loss, and isolation characteristics of the filter exhibit a trade-off that makes manual tuning a trial-and-error method. The veracity of the numerical modeling is conformed by designing a 150 MHz lumped element non-reciprocal bandpass filter based on the parameters extracted using an evolutionary algorithm based particle swarm optimization (PSO). The simulated and measured results comply well with the modeling and the results exhibit maximum directivity of 28.2 dB without degradation in insertion loss (1.1 dB) and return loss (16.2 dB) within the passband. The algorithm can be utilized in designing non-reciprocal filters having different center frequencies and bandwidths.

A mathematical model of a brushed DC motor system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
N. N. A. Rahman ◽  
N. M. Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Pd Controller ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Low Torque ◽  
Error Method

Mathematical model has been proposed for some system that involves a brushed DC motor and it is widely used in industry. Brushed DC motor ideals for applications with a low- torque, manage to change pace or speed and it is widely used in many applications such as x-y table positioning system, conveyor systems and other system that required to use the features that brushed DC motor have. Mathematical model of brushed DC motor in order to verify the performance of the DC motor. In this paper, mathematical model of brushed DC motor will be derived from a brushed DC motor circuit that consist of two parts that are electrical and mechanical part. To validate the functionality of mathematical model, the performance of the brushed DC motor without any controller will be compared with the brushed DC motor with the presence of PI-PD controller that will be tuned by trial-and-error method. Performances of both brushed DC motor with and without controller will be compared in terms of transient response which are, rise time, Tr, settling time, Ts, steady state error, ess and lastly percentage overshoot. At the end of the study, the brushed DC motor with PI-PD controller show a better performance compared to the brushed DC motor without any controller.

Metaheuristic Approaches for Extrusion Manufacturing Process

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Ong ◽  
Desmond Daniel Vui Sheng Chin ◽  
Choon Sin Ho ◽  
Chuan Huat Ng
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Flower Pollination Algorithm ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Forward Extrusion ◽  
Comparable Performance ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms ◽  
Error Method

Optimization, basically, is a method used to find solutions for a particular problem without neglecting the existing boundaries or limitations. Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is one of the recently developed nature inspired algorithms, based on the intriguing process of flower pollination in the world of nature. The main aim of this study is to utilize FPA in optimizing cold forward extrusion process in order to obtain optimal parameters to produce workpiece with the minimum force load. It is very important to find the most optimal parameters for an extrusion process in order to prevent waste from happening due to trial and error method in determining the optimal parameters and thus, FPA is used to replace the traditional trial and error method to optimize the cold forward extrusion process. The optimization performance of the FPA is then compared with the particle swarm optimization (PSO), in which the FPA shows comparable performance in this regard.

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