Problems of Translation of Parenthetic Clauses from Russian into Turkish in Social and Political Texts

Actively developing mass media field generates high demand for specialists who are able to translate texts of social and political topics from Russian into a foreign language and vice versa quickly and efficiently. While learning, students make common mistakes, which should be carefully corrected and prevented. The purpose of this article is to identify the most common mistakes made in translations of parenthetic clauses from Turkish into Russian and to develop recommendations for translating this type of sentences. The research is based on the translations of parenthetic clauses from Russian into Turkish made by three Turkish native speakers who are proficient in Russian, and ten Russian-speaking informants who are 4th-year undergraduate and graduate students of the leading Russian universities where Turkish language is taught as a major. The lack of research papers on the topic indicates the scientific novelty of the study. As a result of the study, the authors conclude that translation of parenthetic clauses presents significant difficulties for students and propose the following recommendations: there are two variants of translating Russian parenthetic clauses into Turkish - a subordinate clause with the conjunction ki and a participle clause with a participle of present-past tenses -(y)An . The first variant reflects the meaning expressed by Russian parenthetic clause most accurately, i.e. makes an emphasis. When referring to this variant, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the subordinate clause must have its own subject, which is most often presented by the pronoun bu this, or its subject must coincide with the subject of the main clause. The second variant mainly performs a determinative function, therefore, the sentence emphasis is made lexically. The stylistics should also be considered: a subordinate clause with the conjunction ki , as emotionally more powerful, is mainly used in analytical newspaper publications, while a participle clause with the participle -(y)An is more neutral stylistically. Therefore, if there are any difficulties with choosing the correct way to translate parenthetic clauses from Russian into Turkish, it is recommended to refer to - the (y)An participle.

LANGUAGE AND STYLE PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF JORGE GORDON BYRON'S "EASTERN POEMS" INTO AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE

On the one hand, the image of the translated examples of “Oriental Poems” gives a full picture of the talent of J.G. Byron, on the other hand, it clarifies the talent and ability of the translator in the field of translation, the use of language, its poetic layer, richness of phrases. The expressiveness created by artistic figures, phraseological combinations, as well as fixed word patterns, shows a perfect fullness at the level of speech etiquette within the text. Phraseological units come to the fore as a component of imagery and a means of providing it throughout the text.

Experiments in Dealing with Epidemics in Seventeenth-Century Siam

This article uses a study of two epidemic outbreaks of smallpox in late seventeenth-century Siam to interrogate the developing “social meaning” of the disease in Thai society at the time. Through this case study the article examines the problems of translation and the limitations of our source bases for understanding premodern approaches to epidemic management. It suggests ways of reading across various sources to reconstruct how intercultural learning, exchange, and experiment among communities who suffered epidemic disease contributed to global constructions of concepts of disease.

THE UP-RANKING OF THE SOURCE LANGUAGE STRUCTURE IN THE TRANSLATION OF BROWN’S PRINCIPLES OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING, FIFTH EDITION

Abstrak. Artikel ini membahas perubahan struktur frasa nomina bahasa Inggris (bahasa sumber) ke dalam bahasa Indonesia (bahasa target), terutama frasa nomina dengan derivasi nomina sebagai head, dan strategi yang dipakai dalam menerjemahkan frasa nomina ini. Studi ini mengadopsi strategi yang dipakai untuk memecahkan masalah dalam penerjemahan dan kemungkinan adanya perubahan struktur untuk menganalisis data teks akedemik, Principles of language Learning and Teaching, Fifth Edition (Brown, 2007) dan terjemahannya, Prinsip Pembelajaran dan Pengajaran, Edisi Kelima oleh Cholis dan Pareanom (2008). Studi kualitatif deskriptif melibatkan 11 data dan dua strategi, penerjemahan dengan penghapusan dan parafrasa dengan menggunakan kata yang terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ke dua strategi tersebut mengubah struktur frasa nomina pada BS menjadi berbagai struktur pada BT. Perubahan ini melibatkan kenaikan (up-ranking) struktur bahasa sumber yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan strategi dalam menerjemahkan struktur pada bahasa target. Kata-kata Kunci: nonekuivalen, strategi penerjemahan, perubahan struktur, up-ranking Abstract. This article is about the change of the structures from English (source language) noun phrases into Indonesian (target language), specifically the noun phrases with derived nouns as the heads, and the strategies used in translating them. This study adopts the strategies that may be used to face the problems of translation and the possibility of structure changes to analyze the data selected from an academic text, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, Fifth Edition (Brown, 2007), and its Indonesian version Prinsip Pembelajaran dan Pengajaran Bahasa, Edisi Kelima, translated by Cholis and Pareanom (2008). This qualitative descriptive study involves 11 data, and two strategies, translation by omission and paraphrase by using related word. The results show that the two strategies change the structures of noun phrases in SL to various structures in TL. The findings show that the change involves up-ranking of the source language structure due to the use of strategies in translating the structures in the target language. Key words: non-equivalence, translation strategies, structure change, up-ranking

Intercultural Conflict in the French Translation of Hrant Matevosyan's Novel “Autumn Sun”: Curses and Blessings

The objectives of this article are to relive the problems of translation of “culturemes”. In our research we focus on cultural translation, especially the issue of cultural inequivalences or losses occurring in the translation of curses and blessings in Hrant Matevosyan’s novel “Autumn Sun”.

THE IMAGE OF A TIGER IN KOREAN MAGIC TALES AND IMITATIVE WORDS IN UZBEK TRANSLATION

The article deals with the methods and problems of translation of imitative words in fairy tales, which are a product of folklore. At the same time, the imitation of the sound of a tiger in Korean fairy tales is analyzed. It is known that the goal of translation research is to organize the translation process in a certain direction, which is carried out by talented translators who translate from different languages, literature of different genres. It is important that the reader is provided with an alternative. It also requires an analysis of the diversity of fauna in fairy tales, the importance of characters in Uzbek and Korean fairy tales, and participation.

Utilizing Translation Equivalence in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter in the Phoenix New Order

Many scholars have offered many theories to solve the problems of literary translation. However, the quality of literary translation remains a big burden and challenge for many translators due to literary translation often encounters the problems of fluency, accuracy, register, flexibility, a feeling for style, an appreciation of nuance, and transparency (Landers, 2001, p.13). The subjectivity in the interpretation of the source language message, the motion of stylistic faithfulness, and flexibility as regards the form of the source text and the greatest possible degree of the impracticality of an adequate translation have led to the problem of equivalence. Indeed, such problems of translation equivalence that are invoked by the translation process may bring serious problems to literary translation. The paper aims to seek the problems of non-equivalence in literary translation and to apply the concept of translation equivalences proposed by Mona Baker within and above the word levels grammatical level, textual level, and pragmatic level. By using Baker’s concept of the equivalence functions, this paper provides strategies to deal with non-equivalence problems found in J.K Rowling’s novel Harry Potter in the Phoenix New Order. This paper has found that the translation of the Phoenix New Order novel bears non-equivalencies in the level of the word, above word, grammatical, textual, and pragmatic. Thus, translators need to apply several strategies, especially the concept of translation equivalence, in their translating process to ensure effective and efficient translation.

PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION OF FRENCH AND UZBEK DEOPOETONYMS

Introduction. In world onomatology, the weight of research devoted to the study of the lexicon of the French language, including the basics of the origin of deopoetonyms, structural and semantic conditioning, the scope of use in comparison with other languages is growing. As a logical consequence, the comparison of linguistic-stylistic, poetonymic, gender features of the French and Uzbek deopoetonyms in the language lexical-semantic, national-cultural, literary text has gained priority and relevance in the field of linguistics. Indeed, the definition of the semantic and stylistic potential of these units, the interpretation of general and differential motivational aspects of naming within different systematic languages serve to improve the system of representation of deopoetonyms in dictionaries, to determine the laws of functional equivalence and adequacy in the translation process. Research methods. In the use of words expressing the names of natural phenomena in literary texts, their special reliance on linguocognitive and linguocultural semantics is more clearly understood in the process of translation. In particular, reliance on denotative semaphores rather than expressive semaphores of deemoetonyms in artistic texts is one of the important aspects of the poetic skill of creators. This is especially the case in poetic texts. The translation process should take into account the etymology, methodological features, derivational properties, semantics (synonymy), formality (homonymy), ambiguity (polysemantic), hierarchy (graduonymic), semantic contradiction (antonymicity), etc. will be. When direct and indirect translations of some poetic texts written in French are observed, it becomes clear that deopoetonyms are preserved and expressed at different levels in them. Results and discussion. In dictionaries deopoetonyms are given in the system of el-yagyn names, but in the dictionaries compiled later their etymology, linguistic meanings, lexical-semantic semantics, formality, antonyms, hyphenation, hierarchical formation, methodological features, derivational properties, diachronic and synchronous forms, vital giving features such as denotative, connotative expression on the basis of concepts is necessary to achieve perfection of lexicographic interpretation. Conclusion. It is natural that there are still some problems with the lexicographic interpretation of deopoetonyms, which will cause some problems in the smooth implementation of translation work in this regard. Such problems are especially evident in the presentation of lexical graduonomic series related to them, in the expression of close concepts, connotative and denotative meanings

Syntactic study of mining and metallurgical terms with a negative affix

The following article is devoted to identifying the main problems of translation of metallurgical texts, the peculiarities of translation of terms and terminological combinations in the metallurgical sphere.