scholarly journals Effect of Pedestrian Penalty on Pedestrian Behavior in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Khaled Ghonim ◽  
Deepti Muley ◽  
Mohamed Kharbeche ◽  
Yousef Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed Madkoor
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
The Law ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Before And After Study ◽  
Insight Into

Crashes involving pedestrians are a major concern for authorities in many developed and developing countries. To refrain pedestrians from illegal or unsafe road behavior, authorities introduced three pedestrian penalties in the State of Qatar from August 2019. This paper assesses the awareness, perception, and adaptive intentions of the new amendment to the pedestrians’ law. A questionnaire survey, designed in three languages, was distributed online using Qatar University contacts and Twitter account of the General Directorate of Traffic at the Ministry of Interior, State of Qatar. A sample of 521 complete responses was obtained and used for statistical analysis. The results indicated that only 32 % of the respondents were aware of the law amendment before taking this survey. Further, the higher score for perception, adaptive intentions and awareness showed that the respondents were aware of the risks and the law amendment will have a positive effect on their behavior on road as pedestrians. The outcomes of the analysis show the efficacy of the law amendment. However, the actual behavior changes need to be studied by analyzing the pedestrian crash data and conducting a before and after study. Moreover, the study of the effects on pedestrians’ behavior, through empirical observations, is proposed to get insight into actual behaviors after law amendment as a part of future work on the topic.

The financial impact of the financial fair play policy on Spanish football

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Fernández-Villarino ◽  
J. Andrés Domínguez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Law ◽  
Compliance With The Law ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThis study aims to explore how responsible corporate behaviour, specifically self-imposed financial regulatory control, might subsequently be reflected in the financial performance of companies subject to such regulation.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors aim to explore how financial compliance in the form of the Economic Control Regulation (ECR) has impacted on the financial performance of professional football clubs in Spain. To this purpose, the authors adopted a quasi-experimental before and after study design. This type of design assesses the object of study before and after a specific event in order to determine whether this event has had any effects on the object. In this case, the event was the coming into effect of the ECR in the fiscal year of 2012, and the object hypothetically affected was the clubs’ economic performance.FindingsThe authors can confirm that in general terms and for the whole set of clubs analysed, the ECR has had a strong and positive effect on financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsIn this study, the authors wish to establish a link between the idea of “compliance” and that of “responsible corporate management practice”. It is not just a matter of compliance with the law. The fact of complying with certain laws could, in general terms, or from the point of view of common sense, be qualified as “responsible behaviour”. However, under the contemporary concept of corporate responsibility, compliance with the law is a behaviour that must be taken for granted. Responsibility, therefore, would entail going beyond such expected behaviour to one that exceeds the environment's expectation of the corporate actor.Practical implicationsWhat extent improvements in financial performance have also boosted social performance. Confirming such a positive effect endorses the argument that ethical improvements in corporate culture have a general effect on business sustainability in its different aspects: economic, social, environmental and in governance.Social implicationsThe authors may foresee that the culture of compliance will spread from the finance departments to other management areas. Its connection with ethical business practice is directly linked to the more complex concept of the “citizen company”. There are suggest interesting bases on which professional football clubs might move from a traditional profit-oriented company model towards a more contemporary one oriented towards relationships of integrity with the sport's environment. This study shows that the ECR has been a starting point for the development of Spanish professional football clubs towards this type of “citizen company”.Originality/valueIt was a single-sector study whose principal value lies in the verification of whether responsible economic management (the main consequence of applying the ECR) had any effects on company profits, financial results and other important indicators. In addition to fostering responsibility, this new management model involves a special innovation, as it is based on self-regulation (i.e. on regulations not imposed by national or supranational states), designed and implemented to ensure the sector's viability.

scholarly journals Effect of introducing a feedback device during adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A ‘before and after’ study

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Kwan Ho Kim ◽  
Chan Woong Kim ◽  
Je Hyeok Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Practice Time ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Before And After Study

Objective: This study aimed to verify the effect of introducing a feedback device during adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Methods: A feedback device was introduced in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course of our medical school in the middle of the last semester. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course consisted of 2 h of instructor-led cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and 1 h of self-practice time. All students should complete the adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill tests just after the course. Each test consisted of five cycles of single-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A feedback device was introduced only in the self-practice session. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation parameters of the skill tests before ( n = 40) and after ( n = 39) introducing the feedback device were analysed. Results: The ratios of correct rate significantly increased after introducing the feedback device in both the skill tests (adult test: 58.5 ± 37.2 vs 85.5 ± 21.4, p = 0.001; infant test: 55.0 ± 32.4 vs 80.2 ± 20.7, p = 0.001). Although the average depths did not significantly differ between those before and after introducing the feedback device in the adult test (58.4 ± 4.0 mm vs 59.0 ± 3.7 mm, p = 0.341), it increased significantly after introducing the feedback device in the infant test (38.3 ± 4.3 mm vs 40.8 ± 1.1 mm, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Introducing a feedback device might have enhanced the accuracies of compression rate in adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. However, the potential positive effect on chest compression depth was limited to infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.

Telemedicine in the emergency department to decrease personal protective equipment use: a before-and-after study

2020 ◽  
pp. emermed-2020-210292
Author(s):  
Bart G J Candel ◽  
Selma M M Vaes ◽  
Egid M van Bree ◽  
Sophie M A Groenen ◽  
Floor Derkx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Contact Isolation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Before And After Study

BackgroundPersonal protective equipment (PPE) used by healthcare workers was scarce during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess whether telemedicine (using iPads) reduced PPE use in emergency department (ED) patients who were treated in contact isolation, and whether telemedicine had a positive effect on patient anxiety and satisfaction.MethodsWe conducted a prospective single centre before-and-after study including ED patients ≥18 years who were treated in contact isolation. PPE use, the Hospital Anxiety Scale and the 15-item Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire were compared between the control period (8 April to 14 April 2020) and intervention period (15 April to 24 April 2020).ResultsWe included 25 patients in each period. PPE use per patient was higher for physicians in the control period (mean 1.7; 95% CI 1.5 to 1.9) compared with the intervention period (mean 1.2; 95% CI 1.0 to 1.3, p<0.01). Total PPE use per patient contact for ED physicians decreased from 42 out of 42 patient contacts in the control period, to 29 out of 66 patient contacts in the intervention period (difference 54.3%; 95% CI 50.1% to 58.6%, p<0.01). Reported anxiety and satisfaction were not significantly different.ConclusionPPE use by physicians can successfully be reduced by using telemedicine in the ED without increasing anxiety or dissatisfaction. This study was a first step to gain experience with telemedicine in the ED which has the potential to reduce PPE use in future pandemics or other patients with an indication for contact isolation.

scholarly journals Using Multi-Spectral UAV Imagery to Extract Tree Crop Structural Properties and Assess Pruning Effects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper Johansen ◽  
Tri Raharjo ◽  
Matthew F. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Tree Structure ◽  
Flying Height ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Insight Into

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) provide an unprecedented capacity to monitor the development and dynamics of tree growth and structure through time. It is generally thought that the pruning of tree crops encourages new growth, has a positive effect on fruiting, makes fruit-picking easier, and may increase yield, as it increases light interception and tree crown surface area. To establish the response of pruning in an orchard of lychee trees, an assessment of changes in tree structure, i.e. tree crown perimeter, width, height, area and Plant Projective Cover (PPC), was undertaken using multi-spectral UAV imagery collected before and after a pruning event. While tree crown perimeter, width and area could be derived directly from the delineated tree crowns, height was estimated from a produced canopy height model and PPC was most accurately predicted based on the NIR band. Pre- and post-pruning results showed significant differences in all measured tree structural parameters, including an average decrease in tree crown perimeter of 1.94 m, tree crown width of 0.57 m, tree crown height of 0.62 m, tree crown area of 3.5 m2, and PPC of 14.8%. In order to provide guidance on data collection protocols for orchard management, the impact of flying height variations was also examined, offering some insight into the influence of scale and the scalability of this UAV based approach for larger orchards. The different flying heights (i.e. 30, 50 and 70 m) produced similar measurements of tree crown width and PPC, while tree crown perimeter, area and height measurements decreased with increasing flying height. Overall, these results illustrate that routine collection of multi-spectral UAV imagery can provide a means of assessing pruning effects on changes in tree structure in commercial orchards, and highlight the importance of collecting imagery with consistent flight configurations, as varying flying heights may cause changes to tree structural measurements.

scholarly journals The Experience of Clinical Nurses after Korea’s Enactment of Workplace Anti-Bullying Legislation: A Phenomenological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Hee-Sun Kim ◽  
In-Ok Sim
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Clinical Nurses ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Law ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Positive Effect

Workplace bullying is a global issue that has emerged over the past decades and is widespread all around the world. In Korea, there is a high prevalence of bullying in nursing. In 2019, Korea enacted its workplace anti-bullying legislation. This study explores the changes experienced by nurses after the enactment of the legislation and identifies problems and improvements. Qualitative research was conducted using the phenomenological analysis method proposed by Van Kaam. Twelve nurses with experience in working before and after the enactment of the legislation were selected as study participants. They worked in various departments in five general hospitals across Korea. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. Data were collected using one-on-one interviews. These data were analyzed by extracting significant statements and classifying them into categories, themes, and subthemes. The analysis yielded 14 subthemes, five themes, and three categories. The three categories were “positive effect of the law”, “need for awareness of the law reform”, and “impracticalities of the law that caused chaos”. There is a difference between the theory of the law and how things happen in practice in actual nursing situations. Nurses have been educated about the new law, but better education with input from nurses themselves is needed. This study lays the groundwork for a quantitative study of the issue.

Only problem gamblers spend less money when loot boxes are removed from a game: A before and after study of Heroes of the Storm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zendle
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Real World ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
Reliable Correlation ◽  
Before And After Study

Loot boxes are items in video games that may be paid for with real-world money, but which contain randomised contents. There is a reliable correlation between loot box spending and problem gambling severity: The more money gamers spend on loot boxes, the more severe their problem gambling tends to be. However, it is unclear whether this link represents a case in which loot box spending causes problem gambling; a case in which the gambling-like nature of loot boxes cause problem gamblers to spend more money; or whether it simply represents a case in which there is a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, nonspecific to loot boxes.The multiplayer video game Heroes of the Storm recently removed loot boxes. In order to better understand links between loot boxes and problem gambling, we conducted an analysis of players of Heroes of the Storm (n=112) both before and after the removal of loot boxes.There were a complex pattern of results. In general, when loot boxes were removed from Heroes of the Storm, problem gamblers appeared to spend significantly less money in-game in contrast to other groups. These results suggest that the presence of loot boxes in a game may lead to problem gamblers spending more money in-game. It therefore seems possible that links between loot box spending and problem gambling are not due to a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, but rather are to do with specific features of loot boxes themselves.

INTERVENSI PELATIHAN PENILAIAN KINERJA PADA ATASAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT & EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Holy Greata
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before And After Study

This study aims to look at the effectiveness of performance appraisal training programs to improve perceived organizational support and employee engagement among employees at YPTK educational institutions. This research uses a quantitative approach, with the before-and-after study design research design. The strength of this program is the ability to measure the impact of an intervention. Measuring devices perceived organizational support is an adaptation of the survey of perceived organizational support, while measuring instruments employee engagement is an adaptation of the Utrecht work engagement scale. The results of this study indicate the influence of perceived organizational support on employee engagement of 0.168 (p = 0.016 significant at l.o.s 0.05). Paired sample t-test results showed significant differences in perceived organizational support and employee engagement scores before and after the training and outreach of performance appraisal. Keywords: Perceived Organizational Suppor; Employee Engagement, Performance assessment   Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efektifitas program pelatihan penilaian kinerja untuk meningkatkan perceived organizational support dan employee engagement pada karyawan di lembaga pendidikan YPTK. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan design penelitian the before-and-after study design. Kelebihan dari program ini adalah kemampuan untuk mengukur dampak dari sebuah intervensi. Alat ukur perceived organizational support merupakan adaptasi dari survey of perceived organizational support, sedangkan alat ukur employee engagement merupakan adaptasi dari Utrecht work engagement scale. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh perceived organizational support terhadap employee engagement sebesar 0.168 (p=0.016 signifikan pada l.o.s 0.05). Hasil uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan skor perceived organizational support dan employee engagement yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pelatihan dan sosialisasi penilaian kinerja.   Kata Kunci: Perceived Organizational Suppor; Employee Engagement, Penilaian Kinerja.

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN (PUAP) SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PETANI (STUDI KASUS PADA GABUNGAN KELOMPOK TANI TELUK JAYA)

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Triyanto
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
F Test ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Farmer Income ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Group Association

Study the effectivity analysis of Program Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) and its impact on farmer income levels (case study of the Teluk Jaya Farmers Group Association) aims to 1. knowing how large the effectivity of PUAP funds is for income levels in poverty alleviation in Teluk Desa Sentosa Panai Hulu Subdistrict, 2. to analyze and determine the level of income of Gapoktan Teluk Jaya Farming Business in Teluk Sentosa, Panai Hulu Subdistrict before and after receiving PUAP assistance. The results showed that the effectivity of PUAP program funding is very effective and good, it can be seen from the results of the F test of 12.406 with a significant level of 0.000 while the F value of the table is 2.051. When compared to the value of F test (12.406) > Ftable (2.051) at α 5%, it was concluded that simultaneously the effectivity variable and the PUAP program had a positive effect. The increase in income of the Teluk Jaya Farmers Group in Teluk Sentosa after receiving PUAP funds can be known from the t table for the effectivity variable of 2.663 and the PUAP program for 1.270 with a significant value for each independent variable (2.051); (0.073). Whereas for the t table value in the distribution statistics t table with the level of test α = 5% and df1 = 27 of 2,051. Based on the criteria that if the value is t count> t table); namely (2.663> 2,051) (1,270> 2,051) so that it can be concluded that the effectivity variable partially has a positive and significant effect on the income level.Keywords : effectivity variable,  income level, PUAP program

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