scholarly journals RACISM: AFRICAN AMERICANS’ EXPERIENCES AS VICTIMS OF SLAVERY AND SEGREGATION AS IMPLEMENTED BY THE POLICIES OF WHITE SUPREMACY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320
Author(s):  
Fred Bedell
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Construct Theory ◽  
The Impact

This essay will be divided into three parts – Slavery, Segregation, and Past and Recent Events that will document the impact on the social, political, and economic fabric of marginalized communities. It will focus on the social construct theory of domination and subordination and the caste system that subjugated African Americans under the guise of white supremacy

scholarly journals The Need for Shared Nomenclature on Racism and Related Terminology in Psychology

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-892
Author(s):  
Angela M. Haeny ◽  
Samantha C. Holmes ◽  
Monnica T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Racial Microaggressions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Racial Hierarchy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

With the increased desire to engage in antiracist clinical research, there is a need for shared nomenclature on racism and related constructs to help move the science forward. This article breaks down the factors that contributed to the development and maintenance of racism (including racial microaggressions), provides examples of the many forms of racism, and describes the impact of racism for all. Specifically, in the United States, racism is based on race, a social construct that has been used to categorize people on the basis of shared physical and social features with the assumption of a racial hierarchy presumed to delineate inherent differences between groups. Racism is a system of beliefs, practices, and policies that operate to advantage those at the top of the racial hierarchy. Individual factors that contribute to racism include racial prejudices and racial discrimination. Racism can be manifested in multiple forms (e.g., cultural, scientific, social) and is both explicit and implicit. Because of the negative impact of racism on health, understanding racism informs effective approaches for eliminating racial health disparities, including a focus on the social determinants of health. Providing shared nomenclature on racism and related terminology will strengthen clinical research and practice and contribute to building a cumulative science.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jelani M. Favors
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Black Colleges ◽  
Black Freedom Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Black Freedom ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society ◽  
Freedom Movement

The introduction familiarizes the reader with the concept of the second curriculum – a pedagogy of idealism, race consciousness, and cultural nationalism that flowed through all black colleges and made them formidable epicenters of black militancy and activism. The case for constructing a longitudinal history of seven different institutions is made. The author repurposes the theory of communitas, first introduced by anthropologist Victor Turner, and uses this concept to define black colleges as dedicated, racialized spaces that countered the ideology of white supremacy that permeated American society and sought to crush the social, political, and economic advancement of African Americans. In doing so, HBCUs served as a vital cornerstone of the black freedom movement in America.

A MOVEMENT EMERGING FROM MURDER DURING THE ERA OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE DICHOTOMY OF GOOD VERSUS EVIL

10.31355/76 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 021-033
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conceptual Question ◽  
Justice Movements

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this theoretical paper was to examine the Black Lives Matter Movement and the Covid-19 pandemic in light of the good versus evil dichotomy. Background: African Americans, particularly males, are at an increased risk of dying from excessive police violence and abuse; the tragic death of George Floyd epitomizes this phenomenon. African Americans are also more likely than their Caucasian counterparts to contract and die from the COVID-19 disease and receive substandard care from health care workers. The social injustices amongst African Americans have led to the growth of social justice movements, such as Black Lives Matter (BLM). Researchers on the BLM and COVID-19 pandemic have not examined the issue from the perspective of good versus evil to gain a better understanding of the social constructs. Methodology: An evaluation of 48 journal articles, books, and websites from 1930 to 2021 was analyzed to better understand the study variables. Findings: The question of the good versus evil dichotomy in relation to the BLM and COVID-19 pandemic is a convoluted conceptual question, which is a social construct, and therefore, upbringing, experience, and culture mediate people’s moral code. Impact on Society: A better understanding of the BLM amid the COVID-19 pandemic could lead to more awareness and analysis of our ethics and tolerance for those who we consider different.

scholarly journals Perfecting Bodies: Who Are the Disabled in Andrew Niccol’s Gattaca?

Philosophies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Chia Wei Fahn
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Social Outcome ◽  
Chinese Scientist ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Social Treatment ◽  
The Impact

This paper will examine the impact of genetic technologies on the corporeal and economical aspects of human lives while emphasizing the ambiguity of disability under these subversive circumstances. In 2013, the world was introduced to CRISPR genetic editing technology, followed by the controversial announcement in 2018 from Chinese scientist He Jiankui, who claims to have genetically engineered twins that were born HIV-immune. The possible social outcome of genetic treatment leading to the alteration of human embryos to create physically and intellectually superior offspring, as well as its impact on the social treatment of disabled bodies, is clearly illustrated in Andrew Niccol’s directive debut Gattaca. Here, I will discuss Niccol’s utilization of disabled characters in interrogating the employment of disabled characters as a narrative vehicle to reflect upon social paradigms. I examine both the subversion and expansion of the social construct of disability in Gattaca’s narrative, emphasizing the film’s portrayal of economic differences as a disabling factor in a world of augmentative technology.

The Social Construction and Reframing of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Mather
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Social ◽  
Construct Theory ◽  
American Society ◽  
Positive Traits

In this article, I integrate research in social construct theory, the medicalization of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and strengths-based theory to propose a change in the way American society negatively labels and interacts with people diagnosed with ADHD. This article presents examples of global perspectives on ADHD, the nature of stigma that occurs to those who receive a medical diagnosis of ADHD, and the need to reframe ADHD from a disease to that of a positive difference. The reader is asked to consider the implications for millions who suffer from the stigma of ADHD. Starting with children diagnosed with ADHD, I suggest that members of society begin to reframe ADHD as a social construct recognizing the strengths and positive traits because there are many. This is a call to all members of society, especially those professionals of the medical, psychological, social, and educational systems, to adopt a strengths-based model of support for those diagnosed with ADHD.

Fictive Kin Networks among African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and Non-Latino Whites

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2199318
Author(s):  
Robert Taylor ◽  
Linda Chatters ◽  
Christina J. Cross ◽  
Dawne Mouzon
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Kin Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fictive Kin ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Kin Support ◽  
Kin Relationship ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the National Survey of American Life, we investigated the social and demographic correlates of fictive kin network involvement among African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and non-Latino Whites. Specifically, we examined the factors shaping whether respondents have fictive kin, the number of fictive present kin in their networks, and the frequency with which they received support from fictive kin. Overall, 87% of respondents had a fictive kin relationship, the average network size was 7.5, and 61% of participants routinely received fictive kin support. Affective closeness and contact with family, friends, and church members were positively associated with fictive kin relations. Age, region, income, and marital and parental status were related to fictive kin network involvement, though these associations varied by race/ethnicity. Collectively, findings indicate that fictive kin ties extend beyond marginalized communities, and they operate as a means to strengthen family bonds, rather than substitute for family deficits.

The Impact of Endorsing the Belief in a Just World on Social Judgments

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Testé ◽  
Samantha Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Just World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact

The present research examines the social value attributed to endorsing the belief in a just world for self (BJW-S) and for others (BJW-O) in a Western society. We conducted four studies in which we asked participants to assess a target who endorsed BJW-S vs. BJW-O either strongly or weakly. Results showed that endorsement of BJW-S was socially valued and had a greater effect on social utility judgments than it did on social desirability judgments. In contrast, the main effect of endorsement of BJW-O was to reduce the target’s social desirability. The results also showed that the effect of BJW-S on social utility is mediated by the target’s perceived individualism, whereas the effect of BJW-S and BJW-O on social desirability is mediated by the target’s perceived collectivism.

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