Effects of Trichoderma and PGPR applications on growth and Verticillium wilt of eggplant

Abstract Background Verticillium wilt is a widespread and destructive disease, which causes serious loss of cotton yield and quality. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in many biological processes, such as plant disease resistance response, through a variety of regulatory mechanisms, but their possible roles in cotton against Verticillium dahliae infection remain largely unclear. Results Here, we measured the transcriptome of resistant G. hirsutum following infection by V. dahliae and 4277 differentially expressed lncRNAs (delncRNAs) were identified. Localization and abundance analysis revealed that delncRNAs were biased distribution on chromosomes. We explored the dynamic characteristics of disease resistance related lncRNAs in chromosome distribution, induced expression profiles, biological function, and these lncRNAs were divided into three categories according to their induced expression profiles. For the delncRNAs, 687 cis-acting pairs and 14,600 trans-acting pairs of lncRNA-mRNA were identified, which indicated that trans-acting was the main way of Verticillium wilt resistance-associated lncRNAs regulating target mRNAs in cotton. Analyzing the regulation pattern of delncRNAs revealed that cis-acting and trans-acting lncRNAs had different ways to influence target genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the regulatory function of delncRNAs participated significantly in stimulus response process, kinase activity and plasma membrane components. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that delncRNAs participated in some important disease resistance pathways, such as plant-pathogen interaction, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction. Additionally, 21 delncRNAs and 10 target genes were identified as being involved in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism associated with the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA). Subsequently, we found that GhlncLOX3 might regulate resistance to V. dahliae through modulating the expression of GhLOX3 implicated in JA biosynthesis. Further functional analysis showed that GhlncLOX3-silenced seedlings displayed a reduced resistance to V. dahliae, with down-regulated expression of GhLOX3 and decreased content of JA. Conclusion This study shows the dynamic characteristics of delncRNAs in multiaspect, and suggests that GhlncLOX3-GhLOX3-JA network participates in response to V. dahliae invasion. Our results provide novel insights for genetic improvement of Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton using lncRNAs.

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GhKWL1 Upregulates GhERF105 but Its Function Is Impaired by Binding with VdISC1, a Pathogenic Effector of Verticillium dahliae

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7328

Author(s):

Yang Chen ◽

Mi Zhang ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Xiaohan Yu ◽

Xianbi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Verticillium Dahliae ◽

Defense Response ◽

Upland Cotton ◽

Effector Protein ◽

Positive Regulator ◽

Its Gene

Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a devastating disease for many important crops, including cotton. Kiwellins (KWLs), a group of cysteine-rich proteins synthesized in many plants, have been shown to be involved in response to various phytopathogens. To evaluate genes for their function in resistance to Verticillium wilt, we investigated KWL homologs in cotton. Thirty-five KWL genes (GhKWLs) were identified from the genome of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Among them, GhKWL1 was shown to be localized in nucleus and cytosol, and its gene expression is induced by the infection of V. dahliae. We revealed that GhKWL1 was a positive regulator of GhERF105. Silencing of GhKWL1 resulted in a decrease, whereas overexpression led to an increase in resistance of transgenic plants to Verticillium wilt. Interestingly, through binding to GhKWL1, the pathogenic effector protein VdISC1 produced by V. dahliae could impair the defense response mediated by GhKWL1. Therefore, our study suggests there is a GhKWL1-mediated defense response in cotton, which can be hijacked by V. dahliae through the interaction of VdISC1 with GhKWL1.

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Functional Traits of Olive Varieties and Their Relationship with the Tolerance Level towards Verticillium Wilt

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1079

Author(s):

Martina Cardoni ◽

Jesús Mercado-Blanco ◽

Rafael Villar

Keyword(s):

Functional Traits ◽

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Lignin Content ◽

Root System Architecture ◽

Root Diameter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Tolerance Level ◽

Olive Varieties

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO), caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium dahliae, is considered one of the most important diseases affecting this tree crop. One of the best VWO management measures is the use of tolerant cultivars. Remarkably, no information is available about olive functional traits and their potential relationship with tolerance to V. dahliae. Twenty-five selected functional traits (for leaf, stem, root and whole plant) were evaluated in six olive varieties differing in their VWO tolerance level to identify possible links between this phenotype and functional traits’ variation. High intervarietal diversity was found among cultivars and several functional traits were related with VWO tolerance. Tolerant varieties showed higher leaf area, dry matter content (leaf, stem and plant) and mass fraction for stems, but lower for leaves. Significant differences were also detected for root functional traits, tolerant cultivars displaying larger fine root diameter and lignin content but smaller specific length and area of thick and fine roots. Correlations were found among functional traits both within varieties and between levels of tolerance/susceptibility to VWO. Associations were observed between biomass allocation, dry matter content and VWO tolerance. The most relevant difference between tolerant and susceptible cultivars was related to root system architecture.

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Highly infested soils undermine the use of resistant olive rootstocks as a control method of verticillium wilt

Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/ppa.13264 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 144-153

Author(s):

Pedro Valverde ◽

Carlos Trapero ◽

Octavio Arquero ◽

Nicolás Serrano ◽

Diego Barranco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Control Method

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RESISTANCE TO VERTICILLIUM WILT IN F1 GENERATIONS OF SELF-FERTILIZED SPECIES OF FRAGARIA

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b58-025 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 297-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

W. Newton ◽

M. C. J. van Adrichem

Keyword(s):

Verticillium Wilt ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Fragaria Chiloensis

The F1 generation of selfed plants of Fragaria chiloensis, F. ovalis, and F. yukonensis contained seedlings resistant to the verticillium wilt disease. Selfed F. orientalis plants yielded seedlings that carried considerable tolerance but selfed F. vesca, F. bracteata, and F. virginiana plants yielded neither tolerant nor resistant seedlings. Asexually propagated plants of the seven species were all susceptible to the disease.

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