scholarly journals Peatlands Rehabilitation through Species Enrichment on Post-fire Oil Palm Plantation Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Rizki Mardhatillah ◽  
Prijanto Pamoengkas ◽  
Istomo Istomo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Soil Characteristic ◽  
Enrichment Method ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Coffea Liberica

Forest fires and land conversion to oil palm plantations are one of the major threats that caused dangerous impacts on the existence of peatlands in Indonesia. Rehabilitation by plant type enrichment method is an effort that can be developed to restore the ecological and hydrological functions of degraded peatlands. This study aimed to analyze biophysical conditions (soil characteristics), analyze the growth response of plant species against the combination of planting types; analyze the choice of planting combinations that are in accordance with the physical conditions of the field and the needs of local communities. This study was designed by varying the diversity of tree species or combination of planting. The research plot consists of three size area (5m x 5m, 10m x 10m, and 20m x 20m). The species that used in this study consists of Shorea balangeran, Durio zibethinus, Archidendron pauciflorum, Parkia speciosa, Coffea liberica and Areca pinanga. The results showed that the research plot has soil characteristic from mesotropic fertility categories (moderate fertility) to eutophic (fertile), while the pH between 3.2 – 3.5 (very acidic). The growth of plant species at the age of five months has growth rate differentiation both height and diameter in each combination of planting.  The height growth of Shorea balangeran species the highest which average of 35.16 cm while the diameter growth of Areca pinanga is 8.13 mm. The best combination of planting is a combination of six species wich consists Shorea balangeran, Durio zibethinus, Archidendron pauciflorum, Parkia speciosa, Coffea liberica and Areca pinanga. Keywords: enrichment planting, growth, rehabilitation, peatlands

scholarly journals Seasonal food habits of the four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis de Blainville, 1816) in tropical deciduous forests of Aravalli mountain range, Rajasthan, Western India

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramchandra Meghwal ◽  
Chhaya Bhatnagar ◽  
Vijay Kumar Koli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Fleshy Fruit ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Western India ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Dendrocalamus Strictus ◽  
Helicteres Isora

Abstract Background Feeding strategies assessment of endangered species during food limited seasons is important in order to understand their niche and advise effective habitat management steps. We assessed the four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis) seasonal diet from April 2014 to March 2015, in three wildlife sanctuaries in western India, namely, Sitamata, Kumbhalgarh, and Phulwari-ki-nal Wildlife Sanctuaries. Opportunistic focal animal sampling method was used in five 1 km paths in each sanctuary to take feeding observations. Each transect was walked three times a day (morning 06:00-10:00 h; mid-day 10:00-14:00 h; evening 15:00-18:00 h), 1 day a month, during 12 months, with a total of 540 surveys divided between 15 paths. The diet data was categorized into different plant categories. Results A total of 532 feeding records from 85 animal sightings were noted with a mean (± SD) of 14.78 ± 10.04 feeding records/month. Feeding was observed on 63 plant species belonging to 23 families. The highest feeding records noted were on trees (60.91%) in the diet followed by shrubs (20.49%), grasses (16.92%), forbs (1.50%), and climbers (0.18%) respectively. Most of the plant species consumed were from Fabaceae (n = 17) and Poaceae (n = 12) families. The overall browse-grass ratio was 83.08-16.92% (88.02-11.98% for Sitamata WLS; 82.11-17.89% for Kumbhalgarh WLS; 79.10-20.90% for Phulwari-ki-nal WLS). Leaves were the most consumed part of the plants (64.10%), followed by dry fruit (16.55%), fleshy fruit (13.34%), flowers (2.82%), buds (2.06%), and twigs (1.13%) respectively. Use of fleshy fruits, dry fruits, and trees showed significant seasonal dietary difference (P < 0.05) in all three sanctuaries. Conclusions Tetracerus quadricornis was found to consume more browse species than grasses. We recommend conservation and promotion of natural plant regeneration, in particular for the plant species that were the most consumed by four-horned antelope, namely, Aristida adscensionis, Dendrocalamus strictus, Dichrostachys cinerea, Acacia leucophloea, Butea monosperma, Helicteres isora, Ziziphus nummularia, and Ziziphus xylopyrus. Conservation of grassland patches, minimizing local pressure, and planning, construction, and maintenance of fire lines prior to timing of forest fires would help to protected T. quadricornis habitat in all three sanctuaries.

Enumeration of Plant Species Inhabiting Oil Palm Trees (Elaeis-guineensis) at Zawlpui Plantation Site, Serchhip District, Mizoram

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Lal awmpuia ◽  
◽  
H. Lalruatsanga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Plant Stem

A survey of plant species inhabiting oil palm trees was conducted in Zawlpui area of Serchhip district, Mizoram. The study area is a tropical potent agriculture zone, wherein small-scale business of Elaeis guineensis plantation is carried out by several farmers mainly within the gentle sloppy terrain. Oil palm with a rough bark harbors immense inhabitation by a variety plants, that rooted mostly on the debris at leaf base. Species diversity on the plant stem supposedly encourage insects and termites to establish herewith, thus causing harming to the tree. The sample stands within 400 m–800 m altitude were picked randomly. A total of 50 palm tree were accounted and all associated plants on the stem above 30 cm from the ground are all recorded. Species that cannot be identified on the site were pressed and observed at Botany Research lab, Pachhunga University College. The survey documented 38 vascular plant species which include 4 epiphytes and 1 non-vascular species of lichen, 1 bryophyte and 4 fungal species at that time. Invasive Peperomia pellucida and epiphytic pteridophytes Nephrolepis biserrata was found in most of the stand sample; however, Peperomia population decreases with the increasing elevation. Dynamics of inhabitant species diversity also correlate to location of tree. The study also established that diversity of inhabiting species was comparatively high on parts of the stem facing sunlight.

scholarly journals The invisible commodity: Local experiences with forest carbon offsetting in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 251484862090523
Author(s):  
Wendy B. Miles
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Carbon Offsetting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Government

A core component of the Paris Agreement is reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). Originally envisioned as a form of payments for ecosystem services, REDD+ has played out in a myriad of ways on the ground. Examining the transition of REDD+ from theory to practice, this article provides an ethnographic account of local experiences with the Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership in Indonesia. Challenges with the invisibility of “carbon” as a resource—both literally and figuratively—was a common theme as community members questioned the feasibility of carbon as a commodity and expressed concerns that if REDD+ did succeed, their land rights might be usurped by more powerful interests. Concurrent to REDD+, communities were navigating imminent threats from forest fires and oil palm expansion. Village government leaders saw REDD+ as a potential buffer against these threats, but due to a history of failed development interventions they proceeded carefully in REDD+. Because the Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership was funded by bi-lateral aid, it was less susceptible to fluctuations in the carbon market but more vulnerable to changes in Australia’s administration and aid priorities, which ultimately led to the project’s closure in 2014. Since the project’s closure, villages have experienced the expansion of oil palm plantations onto community lands, and local forests and croplands have been engulfed in massive peatland fires—both threats that REDD+ was designed to confront. A key lesson from the Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership is that if the international community wants to work with local communities to make a lasting impact, it is essential that their engagement be built upon commitment, transparency, and trust.

Plant Type Selection for Reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine Using Fuzzy-Topsis Approach / Wybór Gatunków Roślin Do Wykorzystania W Projekcie Rekultywacji Terenów Kopalni Miedzi Sarcheshmeh Z Wykorzystaniem Metod Logiki Rozmytej Topsis

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 953-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Ebrahimabadi ◽  
Iraj Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Type Selection ◽  
Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine ◽  
Reclamation Plan ◽  
Amygdalus Scoparia

Abstract Plant species selection is a multi-criteria evaluation decision and has a strategic importance for many companies. The conventional methods for plant species selection are inadequate for dealing with the imprecise or vague nature of linguistic assessment. To overcome this difficulty, fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods are proposed. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (F.TOPSIS) methods for the selection of plant species in mine reclamation plan. Plant type selection and planting to protect the environment and the reclamation of the mine are some of the most important solutions. Therefore, the objective of the current research study is to choose the proper plant types for reclamation of Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine using Fuzzy-topsis method. In this regard, primarily, surrounding area of Sarcheshmeh copper mine, one of the world’s 10 biggest copper mine which is located near Kerman city of Iran, are surveyed, to choose the best plant type for reclamation of disturbance area. With this respect, based on reclamation plan, primary criteria were consisted of kinds of post mining land use, climate, and nature of soil. Comparison matrixes were then obtained based on experts’ opinion and plant types were subsequently prioritized using the Fuzzy Topsis method. Secondary factors considered through the analysis were as follows: perspective of the region, resistance against disease and insects, strength and method of growth, availability to plant type, economic efficiency, protection of soil, storing water, and prevention of pollution. Finally, suitable plant types in the mining perimeter were prioritized as: Amygdalus scoparia, Tamarix, Pistachio Wild, Ephedra, Astragalus, Salsola, respectively.

Cadmium accumulation and growth response to cadmium stress of eighteen plant species

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 23071-23080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gangrong Shi ◽  
Shenglan Xia ◽  
Caifeng Liu ◽  
Zheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation

scholarly journals Optimasi Paket Pupuk Tunggal pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan Umur Satu Tahun

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Hidayat Saputra ◽  
Sudradjat , ◽  
Sudradjat , ◽  
Sudirman Yahya ◽  
Sudirman Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Optimum Rate ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
One Year

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effective and efficient fertilization is affected by fertilizer dose, and therefore information on the appropriate dose of a single fertilizer for oil palm will be beneficial to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization in oil palm plantations. The objectives of this research were to study the response patterns and to determine optimum rate of single fertilizer package related to the growth of one year old oil palm trees. The experiment was conducted from March 2013 to February 2014 at IPB-Cargill Teaching and Research Farm of Oil Palm, Jonggol Bogor. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with one factor and replicated three times. The treatments were four single fertilizer package as followed: control, 300 g urea + 375 g SP-36 + 350 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 600 g urea + 750 g SP-36 + 700 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 900 g urea + 1125 g SP-36 + 1050 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O per plant. The result showed that application of single fertilizer package significantly increased the growth of young oil palm linearly as shown by plant height, stem girth, leaf area of frond number 9, chlorophyll and P content of the leaves and quadratically on leaf number at the last observation. The optimum rate of single fertilizer for one year old oil palm trees had not been attained at this research because the plant growth response to fertilization was still linear.</p><p>Keywords: inorganic, leaf frond number 9, optimum rate, growth response, stem girth</p>

scholarly journals Seeking natural capital projects: Forest fires, haze, and early-life exposure in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
pp. 5239-5245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-Sheng Tan-Soo ◽  
Subhrendu K. Pattanayak
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
Mechanical Methods

Natural capital will be depleted rapidly and excessively if the long-term, offsite impacts of depletion are ignored. By examining the case of tropical forest burning, we illustrate such myopia: Pursuit of short-term economic gains results in air pollution that causes long-term, irreversible health impacts. We integrate longitudinal data on prenatal exposure to the 1997 Indonesian forest fires with child nutritional outcomes and find that mean exposure to air pollution during the prenatal stage is associated with a half-SD decrease in height-for-agezscore at age 17, which is robust to several statistical checks. Because adult height is associated with income, this implies a loss of 4% of average monthly wages for approximately one million Indonesian workers born during this period. To put these human capital losses in the context of policy making, we conduct social cost–benefit analyses of oil palm plantations under different scenarios for clearing land and controlling fires. We find that clearing for oil palm plantations using mechanical methods generates higher social net benefits compared with clearing using fires. Oil palm producers, however, would be unwilling to bear the higher private costs of mechanical clearing. Therefore, we need more effective fire bans, fire suppression, and moratoriums on oil palm in Indonesia to protect natural and human capital, and increase social welfare.

Differential Phytotoxicity of an Amiben Metabolite

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Stoller
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Radicle Elongation ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Setaria Faberii

The differential phytotoxicity of an unidentified amiben conjugate (hereinafter referred to as amiben-X), obtained from giant foxtail (Setaria faberii Herrm.) treated with 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben) was tested in several plant species. Concentrations of amiben-X up to 10 ppm had no effect on radicle elongation in seedlings of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) or ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq.). Giant foxtail radicles were inhibited about 35% at 10 ppm. Amiben, amiben-X, and N-(3-carboxy-2,5-dichlorophenyl)-glucosylamine (hereinafter referred to as N-glucosyl amiben) were detected in seedling tissues of the three above species treated for 24 hr with 20 ppm amiben-X. The growth response of the plants to amiben-X probably resulted from the action of the amiben released by plant hydrolytic activity on amiben-X; amiben-X itself is considered to be relatively nonphytotoxic.

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